• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.56
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• pp.147-182
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• 2018

Intangible cultural heritage is formless. It's of importance to preserve heritage in line with society drastically being transformed. It's passed down by human being. It is, on the other hand, impossible to preserve intangible cultural heritage solely based on memory, for it's changed in succession. Thus, it be archived to pass down. This study investigated on the state of affair related with Intangible cultural heritage documentations, examined the shortages thereupon. Furthermore, Training center should be in charge of documentation for a solution. This will provide an opportunity to overcome the limitations attributed to the top-down documentation system by central administrative organ, to open up the possibility of viewpoint of different successors, organizations. In addition to that, Intangible cultural heritage documents should be of different aspects of community history. Features of Intangible cultural heritages, which are convergent to the Regionality, tendency of variation, transmission, can be magnified when documentating. Finally, Training center is going to play a major role being vitalised. The record management of intangible cultural heritage, institutions and policies about Intangible cultural heritage have been highly complicated since National Intangible Heritage Center opened and the law on Intangible cultural heritage enacted with its recognition attracted. Therewith this study wishes to see a cornerstone of records on intangible cultural heritage by laying stress on training center in which educations and pass-down of intangible cultural heritage are lively achieved.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.248-255
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• 2019

This research confirmed the diversity and characterization of gut microorganisms isolated from the intestinal organs of Muraenesox cinereus, collected on the Samcheonpo Coast and Seocheon Coast in South Korea. To isolate strains, Marine agar medium was basically used and cultivated at $37^{\circ}C$ and pH7 for several days aerobically. After single colony isolation, totally 49 pure single-colonies were isolated and phylogenetic analysis was carried out based on the result of 16S rRNA gene DNA sequencing, indicating that isolated strains were divided into 3 phyla, 13 families, 15 genera, 34 species and 49 strains. Proteobacteria phylum, the main phyletic group, comprised 83.7% with 8 families, 8 genera and 26 species of Aeromonadaceae, Pseudoalteromonadaceae, Shewanellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Morganellaceae, Moraxellaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, and Vibrionaceae. To confirm whether isolated strain can produce industrially useful enzyme or not, amylase, lipase, and protease enzyme assays were performed individually, showing that 39 strains possessed at least one enzyme activity. Especially the Aeromonas sp. strains showed all enzyme activity tested. This result indicated that isolated strains have shown the possibility of the industrial application. Therefore, this study has contributed for securing domestic genetic resources and the expansion of scientific knowledge of the gut microbial community in Muraenesox cinereus of South Korea.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.209-230
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• 2020

Objectives : Practice-Based Research Networks (PBRNs), collaborations of practitioners and academic researchers, have provided platforms for conducting research to address clinical questions generated from daily routine care. This review aimed to critically analyse articles from PBRNs that are related to complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) and to suggest future directions for a PBRN which is appropriate for Korean Medicine (KM). Methods : PubMed, PBRN registries in Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and relevant PBRN websites were searched up to November 2019 for research articles from PBRNs that focused on CIM regardless of study design. Methodological quality of the included studies was assessed. The included studies were read in full, classified and summarised according to their topics. Results : A total of 51 articles published from 1998 through 2020 were included in this review. They were categorised into three principal themes based on research questions and findings: health services research (embracing researches examining characteristics of patients and CIM practitioners/practices, and communication between patients and practitioners); effectiveness and safety of CIM practices/interventions; and feasibility studies of instruments and interventions in PBRN settings. The study designs varied including surveys (n=30), prospective observational studies (n=6), 2ndary analyses of existing studies (n=7), protocols (n=7), retrospective chart review (n=1) and qualitative study (n=1). Quality of the included studies greatly varied. Conclusions : PBRNs can serve as a feasible platform for conducting practice-relevant research on KM and CIM. Considering growing demands on evidence-base for routine practice of KM amid various stakeholders, a PBRN in KM community and further researches nested within PBRN designs are warranted.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.409-418
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic feasibility of public postpartum care centers established for health care of low-income postpartum mothers. 6 of 8 public postpartum care centers were used to verify the economic feasibility and research data were collected through the centers. A sensitivity analysis was performed with the bed turnover rate, assuming that users in a postpartum care center will be decreased. As a result, B/C ratio was estimated to be 1.50 and the net benefit was estimated to be KRW 186,557 in million. A sensitivity analysis showed that B/C was 1.42 at 17.4 of bed turnover rate and 1.26 at 15.4 which indicates the lowest bed turnover rate among subjects. A public postpartum care center was evaluated as economically feasible as public works. Therefore it is necessary that the public postpartum care centers operated by local governments should be expanded through legal amendment.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2021

In this study, a liquid crystal emulsion with a composition ratio similar to the skin lipid composition was manufactured using ceramide, glycolipids, cholesterol, and fatty acids, and a polarized microscope was used to identify liquid crystal particles in the formulation, and a cryso-SEM was used to confirm the formation of a multilayer structure. The above samples were stored at room temperature for one month and the liquid crystal structure was continuously maintained through microscopic observation. In addition, a cream composition containing liquid crystal emulsion was manufactured, and the efficiency of ceramide skin penetration was confirmed using three-dimensional artificial skin. Clinical trials were conducted using the cream composition and the results of clinical trials on skin barrier improvement were confirmed by measuring skin moisture retention (skin hydration) and transepidermal water loss (T EWL) of subjects compared to general emulsion.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.72
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• pp.33-89
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• 2022

Recently, following the opening of the Gyeongsangnam-do Archives and the Seoul Archives, work to establish local archives management institutions in cities and provinces is being actively carried out. In this process, there is an institution directly or indirectly affected by the records management work following the emergence of metropolitan·provincial office of education records management institutions. Article 11 of the current Public Archives Act is centered on cities and provinces, such as giving only the mayor and provincial governor the duty to establish a local record management institution. When a management agency is established, only the obligation to transfer the records with a retention period of 30 years or more among the records under its jurisdiction is specified. This is not appropriate when considering that each metropolitan·provincial office of education and each metropolitan·provincial perform their own duties and roles at the metropolitan·provincial level in accordance with the Constitution and laws. Therefore, in this study, legally, institutionally and historically, the fact that metropolitan·provincial offices of education and metropolitan ·provincial are the core institutions that realize local educational autonomy and local autonomy, and are equivalent administrative agencies independently in charge of their own affairs in their respective jurisdictions. We compared and examined the need to revise Article 11 of the current Public Archives Act, which is overly composed of cities and provinces, and presented the expected effects of the establishment of local records management institutions by cities and provinces of education.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.85-97
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• 2023

Seoul Boramae Park was opened on May 5, 1986, after the Republic of Korea Air Force Academy relocated to Cheongju City in 1985. This study aims to examine the birth and evolution of Seoul Boramae Park and diagnose the park's value being transformed from the former site of the Air Force Academy. Policy reports and newspaper data were analyzed as a research method, focusing on Seoul public records. The study results are as follows. First, Seoul Boramae Park is a large-scale park created before the policy for parks on relocated sites we enacted. Second, Seoul Boramae Park has historical value as an urban park where memories and traces of the Air Force Academy overlap. Third, Seou Boramae Park contributed to regional change by promoting the public value of parks created on the relocated sites with an urban planning method. Seoul Boramae Park has implications for Korean landscape history as a case of securing large green areas in Seoul and presenting its function and roles as a park created on a relocated site.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.5-35
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• 2020

This article purposes to investigate opening process of the 21st National Assembly in the middle of severe conflicts between two major-parties, and predict the changes it will bring to the operation of the National Assembly. With incumbent party's taking all leadership positions of standing committees, it broke the practice since 13th National Assembly, that is, distribution of the standing committees based on the seat-ratio. It means that our National Assembly has entered a new phase in the decision-making process. While the incumbent party, with overwhelming victory in general election, emphasizes that it should dominate legislative process to support the government, the out-party claims that they should take leverage to check over government. Two opposing trends are characteristically observed in the operation of the Korean National Assembly. First of all, due to the experience under authoritarian regimes, the National Assembly has been institutionalizing decision-making processes in the direction of enforcing cooperation between parties. On the other hand, the polarization in political parties has been stronger, making it difficult to reach consensus between parties. This article claims strongly that the 21st National Assembly need to find a balance amid such two-conflicting trends. To do so, three necessary conditions are proposed: observing decision-making procedures, securing diversity within party and National Assembly, and deliberative legislative activities.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.828-835
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• 2002

Purpose : The outcomes of infants weighing less than 1,500 gm(very low birth weight infant : VLBWI) reflect recent progress in neonatal intensive care. In this study, we analyzed changes over time in survival rate and morbidity of VLBWIs during the past seven years. Methods : A retrospective review of medical records was analyzed for VLBWIs admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Samsung Medical Center within three days from birth. We compared the outcomes of previous corresponding data(period I : Oct. 1994 to Sept. 1996), with the outcomes of period II(Oct. 1996 to Dec. 1998) and period III(Jan. 1999 to Dec. 2000). Results : As shown in Tables 1 and 3, the distribution of birth weight, gestational age(GA), gender, and inborn admissions did not change during the 7-year study. The overall survival rate of VLBWI increased significantly over time(period I : 72% vs period III : 88.3%, P<0.05). Between period I and period II, the birth weight-specific survival rate increased by 23.6%(75% vs 92.7%, P<0.05) for infants 1,000 to 1,249 gm. Between period II and period III, the birth weight-specific survival rate increased three times(20% vs 66.7%, P<0.05) for infants <750 gm. The survivors of lowest birth weight included infants at 624 gm(GA : $26^{+5}$ weeks), 667 gm(GA : $25^{+6}$ weeks) and 480 gm(GA : $26^{+2}$ weeks) in each period. The gestational age-specific survival rate in period III increased significantly in GA 25-26 weeks and 29-30 weeks(vs period I & period II, P<0.05). The survivors of lowest gestational age included infants at GA 26 weeks(970 gm), GA $23^{+5}$ weeks(791 gm) and GA $24^{+1}$ weeks(740 gm) in each period. The incidence of severe IVH(grade III, IV) and the early death rate(< seven days) decreased in period III(vs period I; P<0.05), reflecting improvements in neonatal intensive care. Conclusion : The survival rate of VLBWI continues to increase, particularly for BW < 750 gm, GA < 26 weeks. This increase in survival is not associated by any increase in major morbidities.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.42-65
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• 1992

To survey the specialties or sujects of practice displayed by the private practitioners the authors visited 691 clinics in Taegu from April 1 to May 18, 1991, At the same time, a mail questionnaire was administered to ask the number of displayed subjects of practice, and the reasons for displaying the subjects, reasons for not displaying in case of no specialty was displayed, composition of patients, and role as a specialist. The questionnaire was returned by 308(44.6%) practitioners. The distributions of private practitioners by specialty were 13.9% for internal medicine (IM), 11.7% for pediatrics(Ped), 13.0% for obstetrics '||'&'||' gynecology(OBGY), 11.1% for general surgery(GS), 10.0% for family practice(FP), and 5.3% for general practitioner(GP). Ninety percent of the specialists have displayed their specialty in their offices. Among all the private practitioners, 61.9% of them have displayed their subjects of practice and 23.7% have shown telephone number. Among private practitioners who displayed the subjects of practice, 80.6% have signs of 'subjects of practice'. Mean number of the displayed subjects of practice for the all private practitioners is 1.20, and 1.93 for the private practitioners who displayed subjects of practice. FP and GS have displayed their subjects of practice in 91.2% and 87.0% respectively and OBGY have displayed in 32.2%, the lowest percentage among all the soecuaktues. IM specialists displays pediatrics as a major subject of practice in 72.1% the pediatricians display IM in 88.9% the OBGYs display pediatrics in 77.8%, and the GSs display IM in 51.9%. Most commonly displayed subjects of practice are Ped and IM. Sixty-five percent of the private practitioners answered that they don't display their specialties because their clinics are "primary health care facility". The reasons for displaying the subjects of practice and its relevance with their own specialty(45.6%), and the difficulty in clinic management only with the patients for their own specialty(36.9%). The proportion of clinics whose patients of other specialty are than their own specialty accounted less than 10% was 52.8% and that accounted more than 51% was 16.0%. Specially, 51.4% of GS specialists cared more than 51% of patients of other specialty area than their own specialty. Most of the patients of IM, Ped, and OBGY specialists are the patients of their own specialty. However, 56.8% of GS care more of IM patients and only 24.3% of them care mostly GS patients, The respondents to the mail questionnaire who stated that they can not play the role of specialist well are 30.5% and especially 72.9% of the GS specialists state so. The proportion of respondents who do not suffort the private practice of specialists is 71.1%. Among the surgical specialists, 82.7% of them rarely perform operation. The reasons for not performing operation are insufficient insurance fee (76.9%), and risk of operation(58.0%), so as the OBGY specialists. Above finidngs suggest that most of the specialists, especially surgeons, in the private practice can not play their role as a specialist. It is necessary to develop a policy that facilitates the production of practice and the retention of the specialists in the hospitals.s.