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Gyeongjae O Chiik's Views on Classical Studies (경재(褧齋) 오치익(吳致翼)의 경학관(經學觀))

  • Kim, Young-ho
    • The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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    • no.27
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    • pp.145-166
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    • 2009
  • This paper analyzes the views of Gyeongjae O Chiik on Classical Studies. O is the second son of Noju O Heesang (1763-1833). The characteristics of his views are as follows. First, unlike his father, Gyeongjae is more interested in Chinese Textual Criticism than in Hsing-li hsüeh. Therefore, he provides textual interpretation in detail with erudition in his Manrok and Munjip on the formation and problems for such classics as The Four Classics, The Classic of Poetry, The Book of Changes, The Rites of Zhou, The Book of Rites, and The Spring and Autumn Annals. Second, his openness. He didn't canonize The Book of Changes. Also, he thought that the analysis of Jeongja in his Annotation on the Book of Changes and Zhuxi's Original Interpretations, the absolute authority of the time, were not the only interpretation possible. He argued that other interpretation is possible depending on perspectives and it is desirable. We can see that Gyeongjae had transcended the world view of Zhuxi Studies. Third. he put the emphasis on the theories during the Han dynasty. He showed the inclination toward the Yuheung theories rather than Zhuxi theories in regard of the discussion of names in The Analects of Confucius. Fourth, unlike other Confucius scholars in Chosun, he showed interests in Gongyangjeon and Gokryangjeon. He compiled Gonggokmunseon with beautiful writings from both works. Fifth, he was interested in the dynamics of constant numbers. He grasped that what is important in the Book of Changes is not right principles but constant numbers and points. Thus he compiled Sangjeomyuhoe. Besides, he was also interested in the Rites of Zhou.

Exploratory Study on the Efficient Operation of Parcel Delivery Network with the Growth of Online Shopping Industries (온라인 쇼핑의 성장에 따른 택배물류 네트워크의 효율적 운영에 관한 탐색적 연구)

  • Lim, Hyunwoo;Lim, Jong Won;Yi, Hansuk
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.97-129
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    • 2007
  • The critical link between consumer-based internet ordering and the delivery of the product to the consumer is a key success factor in online shopping. Market areas of online shopping company implies the range of space where products ordered from online shopping can be physically delivered to customers distributed over space with reasonable shipping cost and lead time through the physical distribution network. The average rate of growth in online shopping is 36% per year in Korea for the last 5 years. But there are no maps available that describe sales/delivery density of online shopping, few researches are focused on the short-term/long-term adaptation to demand increase by online shopping. In this paper (1) Maps of trade area are described indicating the sales/delivery density around the nation. (2) Empirical researches suggested that short-term adaptation to demand increase resulted in price reduction and service in enhancement of service quality in local transportation. But the long-term adaptation on the parts of parcel delivery industry are to be investigated in future researches.

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A Study on A Study on the University Education Plan Using ChatGPTfor University Students (ChatGPT를 활용한 대학 교육 방안 연구)

  • Hyun-ju Kim;Jinyoung Lee
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.71-79
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    • 2024
  • ChatGPT, an interactive artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot developed by Open AI in the U.S., gaining popularity with great repercussions around the world. Some academia are concerned that ChatGPT can be used by students for plagiarism, but ChatGPT is also widely used in a positive direction, such as being used to write marketing phrases or website phrases. There is also an opinion that ChatGPT could be a new future for "search," and some analysts say that the focus should be on fostering rather than excessive regulation. This study analyzed consciousness about ChatGPT for college students through a survey of their perception of ChatGPT. And, plagiarism inspection systems were prepared to establish an education support model using ChatGPT and ChatGPT. Based on this, a university education support model using ChatGPT was constructed. The education model using ChatGPT established an education model based on text, digital, and art, and then composed of detailed strategies necessary for the era of the 4th industrial revolution below it. In addition, it was configured to guide students to use ChatGPT within the permitted range by using the ChatGPT detection function provided by the plagiarism inspection system, after the instructor of the class determined the allowable range of content generated by ChatGPT according to the learning goal. By linking and utilizing ChatGPT and the plagiarism inspection system in this way, it is expected to prevent situations in which ChatGPT's excellent ability is abused in education.

A Study of Kuwoonmong Writing and Enjoyment in the Aspects of Yin-Yang (陰陽) and Wu Xing (五行) Imagination (음양오행적 상상력에 기반한 <구운몽>의 창작과 향유 방식 연구)

  • Hwang, Hye-jin
    • Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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    • no.35
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    • pp.153-193
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    • 2017
  • This study explores the creation and enjoyment of Kuwoonmong (九雲夢) using a reference system called the cultural imagination, which is related to the Yin-Yang (陰陽) and Wu Xing (五行). When Kim Manjung wrote Guwoonmong, he may have composed figures and events based on this imagination. In particular, when he designed the eight seonnyeo (팔선녀), he set the order such as Gap (甲), Eul (乙), Byeong (병), Jeong (丁), etc. and characterized them according to the celestial stem (天干). Thus it was easy to avoid overlapping of characters and to construct various stories and relationships between them. The table below shows the characters of Kuwoonmong corresponding to the celestial stem. In not only the individual person but also the narrative world, Kuwoonmon demonstrates Yin-Yang and Wu Xing's imagination. In this respect, Kuwoonmon can be considered a large symbol encompassing the abstract theory of Yin-Yang and Wu Xing. Of course, the writer, Kim, Manjung would not have tried to symbolize the principle intentionally. However, he was also present in the environment of the cultural imagination that has been formed over the years. The same is true for the contemporary recipients of Guwunmong. They would have had a pleasant experience applying the cultural imagination and strengthening their familiar world view and human view.

A study for improvement of far-distance performance of a tunnel accident detection system by using an inverse perspective transformation (역 원근변환 기법을 이용한 터널 영상유고시스템의 원거리 감지 성능 향상에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Kyu Beom;Shin, Hyu-Soung
    • Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.247-262
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    • 2022
  • In domestic tunnels, it is mandatory to install CCTVs in tunnels longer than 200 m which are also recommended by installation of a CCTV-based automatic accident detection system. In general, the CCTVs in the tunnel are installed at a low height as well as near by the moving vehicles due to the spatial limitation of tunnel structure, so a severe perspective effect takes place in the distance of installed CCTV and moving vehicles. Because of this effect, conventional CCTV-based accident detection systems in tunnel are known in general to be very hard to achieve the performance in detection of unexpected accidents such as stop or reversely moving vehicles, person on the road and fires, especially far from 100 m. Therefore, in this study, the region of interest is set up and a new concept of inverse perspective transformation technique is introduced. Since moving vehicles in the transformed image is enlarged proportionally to the distance from CCTV, it is possible to achieve consistency in object detection and identification of actual speed of moving vehicles in distance. To show this aspect, two datasets in the same conditions are composed with the original and the transformed images of CCTV in tunnel, respectively. A comparison of variation of appearance speed and size of moving vehicles in distance are made. Then, the performances of the object detection in distance are compared with respect to the both trained deep-learning models. As a result, the model case with the transformed images are able to achieve consistent performance in object and accident detections in distance even by 200 m.

Introduction of the Best Practices in the Pakistan Gulpur HEPP (파키스탄 Gulpur 수력발전 현장의 Best Practices 소개)

  • JANG, Ock Jae;HONG, Won Pyo;CHAE, Hee Moon
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2022.05a
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    • pp.216-217
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    • 2022
  • Gulpur 수력발전 프로젝트는 전력난을 겪고 있는 파키스탄에 102 MW 규모의 수력발전소를 건설하여 30년 동안 운영 관리한 후 파키스탄 정부로 양도하는 IPP(Independent Power Producing) 형식의 투자사업이다. 남동발전과 DL E&C, 롯데건설이 Sponsor로서 출자한 자본금과, ADB, IFC, K-EXIM 등의 대주단로부터의 차입금을 재원으로 하여 소요 사업비를 조달하고 사업을 개발하였다. DL E&C와 롯데건설이 EPC(Engineering, Procurement, Construction)를 수행하였고, 이산이 Design consultant의 역할을 수행하였다. Gulpur 수력발전 프로젝트의 발전형식은 수로식(run-of-river)으로 201 m3/s의 발전유량과 102 MW의 발전 시설용량을 이용하여 연평균예상발전량은 398 GWh이다. 주요 구조물로는 설계 재현빈도 1년의 유수전환시설(가물막이댐 & 가배수터널)과 콘크리트 중력식댐(H 67 m, L 205 m), 도수터널(D 6.7 m, L 215 m, 2기), 옥외형 발전소 (H 51 m, W 60 m, L 38 m, Kaplan 2기)가 있으며, 2015년 10월 착공하여 2020년 3월 상업발전을 시작하였다. 본 프로젝트는 DL E&C의 첫 번째 EPC 해외수력발전 프로젝트이다. 따라서 프로젝트의 성공적 수행을 위한 경제적 설계, 시공의 효율성 및 안정성 확보 등을 위하여 많은 연구를 수행하는 과정에서 다양한 기술 개선을 이룰 수 있었다. 본고에서는 Gulpur 프로젝트를 통하여 도출된 성공 사례들을 소개 및 공유하고자 한다. 첫 번째로 콘크리트 중력식댐 시공을 위한 유수전환시설의 최적 설계빈도를 산정하였다. 일반적으로 유수전환시설의 규모는 설계기준에 제시된 설계 재현빈도를 이용하는데, 해외 설계기준에서는 10년, 국내 설계기준에서는 1~2년으로 다르게 제시되어 있는 문제점이 있다. 유수전환시설의 규모는 프로젝트의 경제성에 큰 영향을 미치기 때문에 최적 설계빈도의 결정이 필요하며, 위험도분석기법(Risk Analysis)과 기대화폐가치법(Expected Monetary Value)을 이용하여 유수전환시설의 최적 설계 재현빈도와 이에 영향을 미치는 인자를 분석하였다. 위험도는 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션으로 산정된 가물막이댐 파괴확률과 재현빈도를 이용하여 산정된 가물막이댐 월류확률을 고려하였으며, 비용 및 피해액으로는 유수전환시설의 공사비, 가물막이댐 파괴시의 재건설비용과 지체보상금, 가물막이댐 월류시의 복구비용을 고려하였다. 이에 대한 연구결과로, 유수전환시설의 사용기간과 월류시의 복구비용이 유수전환시설의 설계 재현기간 결정에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 특히 월류시의 복구비용이 작을수록 낮은 설계 재현빈도를 선택하는 것이 타당한 것으로 나타났다. 예를 들어, 유수전환시설의 사용기간이 3 ~ 5년, 복구비용이 0.5 ~ 1.0 mil USD 이하인 조건에서 가물막이시설의 최적 설계빈도는 1년 ~ 2년인 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 유수전환시설의 사용기간은 본댐의 규모와 시공기간 등을 고려하여 결정되는 사항으로 설계자가 임의 조정할 수 없지만, 복구비용은 시공 관리자에 따라 결정되는 부분으로, 적극적 홍수 피해 저감 및 복구방안을 마련하는 것이 프로젝트의 경제성을 향상시킬 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 두 번째로 프로젝트의 경제성 향상, 홍수기 댐 시공시의 안전성 확보를 위하여 홍수 조기경보시스템(Early Warning System)을 개발 및 활용하였다. 수로식(Run-of-river) 수력발전댐은 대부분 산악지역에 위치하기 때문에 국지성 강우 및 급한 지형 경사로 인하여 돌발홍수(flash flood)의 발생 가능성이 높다. 따라서 시공 중 홍수(월류) 발생을 미리 감지하고 현장에 전파할 수 있는, 수로식(Run-of-river) 수력발전댐 현장을 위한 홍수 조기경보시스템이 필요하며, 이를 리스크 인식, 모니터링 및 경보, 전파 및 연락, 반응 능력 향상의 4가지 부분으로 나누어 구축하였다. 리스크 인식 부분에서는 가물막이댐 월류 발생 상황에 대한 위험도, 취약성, 리스크를 제시하였으며, 모니터링 및 경보 부분에서는 상류 측정수위에서 유도된 현장 예상수위와 실제 현장 측정 수위를 대상으로 경보홍수위와 위험홍수위로 나누어 관리하였다. 전파 및 연락 부분에서는 현장 시공 조직을 활용하여 홍수시를 대비한 비상연락체계도(Emergency communication flow chart)를 운영하였으며, 반응 능력 향상을 위해 비상연락체계도의 팀별 Action plan을 상세화 하였다. 세 번째로 현장의 지질특성과 50여 차례 발파시험으로 현장 고유의 발파진동감쇄곡선을 도출하였으며, 이를 통해 현장의 시공성과 콘크리트 품질 확보를 동시에 달성할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다. 콘크리트댐 공사에서는 제한된 공기 내에 공사를 완료하기 위해 사면부 굴착과 콘크리트 타설이 동시에 수행될 수밖에 없는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 그러나 신규 콘크리트 타설면 근처에서 발파를 수행하는 경우 발파로 발생되는 탄성파가 일정 수준을 초과하게 되면, 콘크리트 양생에 영향을 주게 된다. 따라서 다수의 현장 발파시험을 통해 발파거리와 최대진동속도의 상관관계 즉, 발파진동감쇄곡선을 도출함으로써 현장의 발파진동특성을 도출할 수 있었다. 또한, 기존 연구 논문들을 통해 콘크리트 재령기간 별 안전진동속도를 선정하고, 해당 안전진동속도를 초과하지 않는 범위에서 콘크리트 타설면과 발파위치의 거리에 따라 1회 발파 가능한 장약량을 산정하여 적용하였다. 이와 같은 체계적인 접근을 통해 콘크리트 타설과 발파 작업 동시 수행에 대한 논란을 해소할 수 있었다.

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Effects of Packaging Materials and Storage Temperature on the Shelf-life of Korean Grinded Yam (포장재료와 보관온도에 따른 갈은 마의 저장수명 및 품질변화에 관한 연구)

  • Ko, Eui Suk;Won, Jong Hwa;Jin, Hyung Seok;Song, Kihyeon;Jeon, Kyu Bae;Kim, Jai Neung
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.103-111
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    • 2014
  • This study analyzed effects of packaging materials and storage temperature on the shelf-life of Korean grinded yam. For experimental measurement, experimental groups were used $PET(12{\mu}m)/Al(9{\mu}m)/LLDPE(60{\mu}m)$ as opaque barrier packaging material and $PET(12{\mu}m)/PE(20{\mu}m)/VM-PET(12{\mu}m)/PE(25{\mu}m$) and barrier $NY(15{\mu}m)/LLDPE(60{\mu}m$) as transparent barrier packaging material. Control group were used normal $NY(15{\mu}m)/LLDPE(65{\mu}m)$. The grinded yam stored at refrigeration temperature ($5^{\circ}C$) and room temperature ($20^{\circ}C$C) for 8 days. Changes in color, pH, viscosity, microorganisms and sensory characteristics were measured. In the grinded yam L and ${\Delta}E$ value were not changed rapidly at refrigeration temperature. However L and ${\Delta}E$ were rapidly changed in all of packaging materials at room temperature. In two temperature condition, pH and viscosity were decreased during storage but pH was increased at $5^{\circ}C$ after 4 days. PET/Al/LLDPE and PET/PE/VM-PET/PE inhibited the growth of microorganisms effectively. PET/AL/LLDPE which is a high barrier packaging material showed the best in two temperature condition.

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A marine deep-towed DC resistivity survey in a methane hydrate area, Japan Sea (동해의 메탄 하이드레이트 매장 지역에서의 해양 심부 견인 전기비저항 탐사)

  • Goto, Tada-Nori;Kasaya, Takafumi;Machiyama, Hideaki;Takagi, Ryo;Matsumoto, Ryo;Okuda, Yoshihisa;Satoh, Mikio;Watanabe, Toshiki;Seama, Nobukazu;Mikada, Hitoshi;Sanada, Yoshinori;Kinoshita, Masataka
    • Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.52-59
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    • 2008
  • We have developed a new deep-towed marine DC resistivity survey system. It was designed to detect the top boundary of the methane hydrate zone, which is not imaged well by seismic reflection surveys. Our system, with a transmitter and a 160-m-long tail with eight source electrodes and a receiver dipole, is towed from a research vessel near the seafloor. Numerical calculations show that our marine DC resistivity survey system can effectively image the top surface of the methane hydrate layer. A survey was carried out off Joetsu, in the Japan Sea, where outcrops of methane hydrate are observed. We successfully obtained DC resistivity data along a profile ${\sim}3.5\;km$ long, and detected relatively high apparent resistivity values. Particularly in areas with methane hydrate exposure, anomalously high apparent resistivity was observed, and we interpret these high apparent resistivities to be due to the methane hydrate zone below the seafloor. Marine DC resistivity surveys will be a new tool to image sub-seafloor structures within methane hydrate zones.

A Study on the Psychological State of the Security Subjects of National Guard (공경호원의 경호대상자 심리상태 인지)

  • Kim, Haw-Su;Kang, Min-Wan;Jo, Sung-Gu
    • Korean Security Journal
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    • no.31
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    • pp.73-100
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    • 2012
  • Republic of Korea for the last 2012 nuclear security summit in Seoul in three days from March 26, has held great success. This industry watchers at home and abroad through professional meetings and private organizations to promote global nuclear security was intended to draw, for the preparation of this event the most important one of the things that should be addressed at the meeting was over the top guard. The national guard of heads of state and nationally significant as the important issues should be dealt with. So who is responsible for national security summit national guard for a successful guard against participants should have a higher understanding, these stories ever to be dealt with important security subjects is the psychological state of cognition. This study is currently a source of honor to escort the psychological state of subjects, and whether the search as I looked at cognition. Qualitative research methods to conduct research in-depth interview technique was used for one of the transcribed data analysis program, a non-quantitative data were analyzed using NVivo 8. As a result of this study, analysis of the problem compared with the usual methods 39 (72.2%), fine-grained observation and 15 (27.7%), through the media how cognition 41 (73.2%), marginal help of 15 (26.7%) were. The usual comparison with how honored Issue sources to detect security of those words and actions and facial expressions, etc. Security of subjects over the state of mind cognition that he, detailed observation of the national guard to security subjects the psychological state of cognition which are pre-Thorough Information subjects that can have all the information about security and the state can be obtained by saying that. Media coverage through a cognitive approach national guard of the media coverage to understand the security subjects of the political situation to understand the prerequisite that were marginal for help through the cognitive approach of security subjects surrounding the execution of security workers, Secretary in charge of protocol and security, and be propagated through the selection techniques to be utilized was that.

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A Study on the set the seven roalls of the Saddarma Pundarika Sutra Prayed by Yeom Seong-Ik and Script Center (사경은(寫經院)과 염승익(廉丞益) 발원(發願)의 사경(寫經) 「묘법연화경(妙法蓮華經」 7권본 1부)

  • Kyon, Hee-Kyung
    • Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.1-21
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    • 2003
  • In this paper the characteristics of the script centers golden and/or silver letter center in Koryo Dynasty and a set of seven rolls of the script written in silver letter on blue paper prayed by Yearn Seong-Ik were studied with focusing on the referred records and an epilog of the script. This script was discovered from Namgewon's stone stupa, when it was transported from original site of Daekam Dong, Kaiseong city to Kyungbok Palace in 1919. This script prayed by Yeom Seong-Ik which was written in silver paste on blue papers is a set of seven rolls, the size is 31.1 cm (length) ${\times}$ 27.2 cm (width). The cover painting and Beonsangwha(Buddha's preaching picture) were painted out and in the roll cover. This script was written with 14 letters on a line whose characteristic with the style of cover painting and Beonsangwha is similar to the golden and silver scripts prayed by kings of Koryo Dynasty. The person who prayed this script was a powerful vassal of the king Chungyeol period, Yeom Seong-Ik. According to Koryosa(Koryo History) and Koryosa jeolyo(summarized Koryo History), it is described that Yeom Seong-Ik offered his own house which was built by a group of strangers as a 'Writing Place for the complete collection of Buddhist Sutras and the place of the script of the complete collection of Buddhist Sutras. Therefore, it is possible to consider that this script a set of seven rolls of the script of Saddharma Pundarika-Sutra was written to pray for himself as well as his families' fortune at the place of golden script of the complete collection of Buddhist Sutras, and enshrined it in the Namgaewon stone stupa when the stupa was repaired in 9th year of king ChungYeol. Above all the most important point should be centered on that he offered his house as a writing place for golden script of the complete collection of Buddhist Sutras as recorded in Koryosa Jeolyo. The writing place for golden script of the complete collection of Buddhist Sutras should be emphasized on the meaning of its site. It is an important key point to clear that Kumjawon(Golden letter center) would be different from Kumjadejangso(the writing place of golden script for complete collection of Budihist Sutras) with Kumkyungsa(Goldm script place). As considereing the point that this script showed the characteristics of golden and/or silver scripts which prayed by king Chungyeol in Koryo Dynasty as they were, even though this script was manufactured by individual praying, this script follwed in the style of Kumjawon(golden letter center) and/or Unjawon(siIver letter center) as they were, because this script was written in the place of the golden script for the complete collection of Buddhist Sutras. In this paper all of the points described above with focusing on the referred records and an epilog of this script were collectively considered to make clear the characteristics of the script centers, golden and/or silver letter.