• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.133-137
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• 2010

Purpose: Breast cancer is known to be more vulnerable to bone metastasis and lymph node metastasis than other types of cancer, and nuclear examinations whole body bone scan and lymphoscintigraphy are performed commonly before and after breast cancer operation. In case whole body bone scan is performed on the day before lymphoscintigraphy, the radiopharmaceutical taken into and remaining in the bones provides anatomical information for tracking and locating sentinel lymph nodes. Thus, this study purposed to examine how much bone density affects in locating sentinel lymph nodes. Materials and Methods: The subjects of this study were 22 patients (average age $52{\pm}7.2$) who had whole body bone scan and lymphoscintigraphy over two days in our hospital during the period from January to December, 2009. In the blind test, 22 patients (average age $57{\pm}6.5$) who had lymphoscintigraphy using $^{57}Co$ flood phantom were used as a control group. In quantitative analysis, the relative ratio of the background to sentinel lymph nodes was measured by drawing ROIs on sentinel lymph nodes and the background, and in gross examination, each of a nuclear physician and a radiological technologist with five years' or longer field experience examined images through blind test in a five-point scale. Results: In the results of quantitative analysis, the relative ratio of the background to sentinel lymph nodes was 14.2:1 maximum and 8.5:1 ($SD{\pm}3.48$) on the average on the front, and 14.7:1 maximum and 8.5:1 ($SD{\pm}3.42$) on the average on the side. In the results of gross examination, when $^{57}Co$ flood phantom images were compared with images containing bones, the score was relative high as 3.86 ($SD{\pm}0.35$) point for $^{57}Co$ flood phantom images and 4.09 ($SD{\pm}0.42$) for bone images. Conclusion: When whole body bone scan was performed on the day before lymphoscintigraphy, the ratio of the background to sentinel lymph nodes was over 10:1, so there was no problem in locating lymph nodes. In addition, we expect to reduce examination procedures and improve the quality of images by indicating the location of sentinel lymph nodes using bone images as body contour without the use of a source.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.68-72
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• 2015

Ultrasonic inspection robot systems have been widely researched and developed for the real-time monitoring of structures such as power plants. However, an inspection robot that is operated in a simple pattern has limitations in its application to various structures in a plant facility because of the diverse and complicated shapes of the inspection objects. Therefore, accurate control of the robot is required to inspect complicated objects with high-precision results. This paper presents the idea that the shape and movement information of an ultrasonic inspector's hand could be profitably utilized for the accurate control of robot. In this study, a polymer flex sensor was applied to monitor the shape of a human hand. This application was designed to intuitively control an ultrasonic inspection robot. The movement and shape of the hand were estimated by applying multiple sensors. Moreover, it was successfully shown that a test robot could be intuitively controlled based on the shape of a human hand estimated using polymer flex sensors.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.396-409
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• 2004

Diagnosis f structural integrity is the basis for correct treatment of and countermeasures against progressive structural abnormalities. An exact diagnosis is at present the most reliable means for determining the soundness of structures during power plant operations. Acoustic emission(AE) technology has recently strengthened its application base, and practitioners' understanding of the technique's fundamentals. This paper presents the results of a survey and assessment on AE monitoring applications in nuclear, fossil and hydraulic power plant. The main objective of this paper was to obtain information on various applications of AE technology in electric power plant.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.240-247
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• 2011

Purpose: The rationale for skin surface cultures is that bacterial colonization precedes infection and, as a result, that identification of a potential pathogen is predictive of later systemic infection in preterm infants. We aimed to analyze results of surveillance surface cultures in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants and seek for effective ways of performing surveillance surface cultures. Methods: We analyzed the surveillance surface cultures of 113 ELBW infants over a 4-year period. Surveillance cultures were obtained routinely from five sites: axilla, external ear canal, nasopharynx, throat (or tracheal aspirate if intubated) and anus. Each surface culture obtained during the 13 days, prior to the date of the blood culture, was compared with the blood culture obtained when sepsis was suspected. The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of the surveillance cultures were calculated among 1894 blood-surface culture pairs by surface sites, recovered organisms and interval between surveillance samples and blood cultures. Results: The overall sensitivity, specificity and PPV of surface cultures were 45.9, 22.4 and 6.8%, respectively. The PPV was highest for the throat/tracheal cultures (11.0%) and lowest for the anal cultures (2.3%). As the time of culturing progressed toward the day of blood culturing, the sensitivity and specificity of the surface cultures significantly increased. Only axillary and throat/tracheal cultures were useful in predicting the microorganisms causing sepsis. Conclusion: Surface cultures could help to predict sepsis pathogens and infection surveillance in preterm infants could be continued with a reduced number of cultured sites focusing on the axilla and throat/trachea.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2019

The development of reliable and objective definitions as well as automated processes for the detection of health care-associated infections (HAIs) is crucial; however, transformation to an automated surveillance system remains a challenge. Early outbreak identification usually requires clinicians who can recognize abnormal events as well as ongoing disease surveillance to determine the baseline rate of cases. The system screens the laboratory information system (LIS) data daily to detect candidates for health care-associated bloodstream infection (HABSI) according to well-defined detection rules. The system detects and reserves professional autonomy by requiring further confirmation. In addition, web-based HABSI surveillance and classification systems use discrete data elements obtained from the LIS, and the LIS-provided data correlates strongly with the conventional infection-control personnel surveillance system. The system was timely, acceptable, useful, and sensitive according to the prevention guidelines. The surveillance system is useful because it can help health care professionals better understand when and where the transmission of a wide range of potential pathogens may be occurring in a hospital. A national plan is needed to strengthen the main structures in HAI prevention, Healthcare Associated Prevention and Control Committee (HAIPCC), sterilization service (SS), microbiology laboratories, and hand hygiene resources, considering their impact on HAI prevention.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07d
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• pp.2567-2569
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 해양분야에 적용 가능한 GPS(Global Positioning System) 코드, 반송파, 항법 메시지 감시 기법을 제안한다. GPS를 구성하고 있는 위성, 지상 제어국, 사용자부에 내재한 고장 요인들에 대하여 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 각 고장에 대응할 수 있는 검사기법들을 제시한다. 제시하는 검사기법은 DGPS 기준국에서 수행할 수 있는 검사 기법으로 신호 감시 기법(SQM, Signal Quality Monitoring), 데이터 감시 기법(DQM, Data Quality Monitoring), 측정치 감시 기법(MQM, Measurement Quality Monitoring)으로 구성된다. 해양 분야에 적용을 위하여 해양 분야에서 요구하는 GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System)에 대한 안전조건을 조사하고 이를 바탕으로 해양 분야에 사용가능한 감시 기법을 제시한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 1994

원자력발전소의 상온수압시험에는 여러가지 목적이 있으며 그 중에서 가장 중요한 것 중 하나는 원전 주요 기기로부터의 누설여부를 알아내는 것이다. 동 시험에서 누설 여부를 알아내기 위해 현재 국내에서는 미국 규격에 따라 육안검사를 수행하고 있으나 프랑스의 경우, 음향방출 누설시험과 육안검사를 수행토록 하고 있다. 저자는 1992년과 1993년 중국 광동 원전 1, 2호기의 가동전검사에 참여하여 프랑스의 RSEM 규격에 따라 실시된 상온수압시험시의 음향방출 누설시험과 누설 육안검사에 대하여 기술 지원 업무를 수행하였다. 동시험에서는 시험 최고 압력인 228bar에서는 음향방출 누설 감시시험과 누설 육안검사를, 감압단계인 155bar 에서는 누설 육안검사를 수행하였다. 본고에서는 동 규격에 따라 최초로 수행된 중국 광동 원전 가동전검사 수압시험시의 음향방출에 의한 누설감시와 누설 육안검사에 대해 검사 기술, 검사 방법, 검사 절차, 그리고 검사 대상부위 등을 기술하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.191-198
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• 2008

Flow accelerated corrosion (FAC) phenomenon of low alloy carbon steels in nuclear power plant has been known as one of major degradation mechanisms. It has a potential to cause nuclear pipe rupture accident which may directly impact on the plant reliability and safety. Recently, the equipotential switching direct current potential drop (ES-DCPD) method has been developed, by the present authors, as a method to monitor wall loss in a piping. This method can rapidly monitor the thinning of piping, utilizing either the wide range monitoring (WiRM) or the narrow range monitoring (NaRM) technique. WiRM is a method to monitor wide range of straight piping, whereas NaRM focuses significantly on a narrow range such as an elbow. WiRM and NaRM can improve the reliability of the current FAC screening method that is based on computer modeling on fluid flow conditions. In this paper, the measurements by ES-DCPD are performed with signal sensitivity analyses in the laboratory environment for extended period and showed the viability of ES-DCPD for real plant applications.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.331-340
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• 2004

Deployment of an advanced on-line monitoring of the component integrity offers a prospect of improved performance, enhanced safety, and reduced overall cost for nuclear power plants. Ultrasonic guided waves have been known as one of the promising techniques that could be utilized for on-line monitoring. The present work is aimed at developing a new method for on-line monitoring of the pipes during the operation period of nuclear power plants. For this purpose, the steam generator (S/G) tube was selected as an object of tile experiment. Dispersion corves and the incident angles corresponding to the specific modes were calculated for the S/G tube. The modes of guided waves were identified by the time-frequency diagrams obtained by the short time Fourier transform. It was experimentally confirmed that there was no mode conversion when the ultrasonic guided waves passed over the curved region of the S/G tube. An optimum mode of guided wave for the S/G tube was suggested and verified by the experiment.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.262-268
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• 2016

Hemifacial spasm is a disease caused by involuntary facial muscles with repeated unilateral convulsive spasms. It involves contraction of multiple muscles at the same time (synkinesia). The pathogenesis appears to be the pressure on the vessel by the facial nerve. This study included hemifacial spasm patients, who received microvascular decompression surgery. Brainstem auditory evoked potential and the examination time were carefully noted when using brain surgical retractor. The facial nerve electromyography tests for the identification of artifacts and EMG waveform when the facial nerve damage, about the importance of the maintenance of anesthesia in the lateral spread response and in a somatosensory evoked potential propose a new method. Based on the above test, it will be more effective.