• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2009

American Psychiatric Association defined hwa-byung as a unique mental illness of Korea, a kind of anger syndrome. This illness caused by the Korean culture is more often found on women than men, especially middle-aged women. The cause of hwa-byung mainly depends on the traditional family structure of Korea formed by Confucianism. Other causes that many middle-aged women suffer from hwa-byung are that their low education level originated in their wrong-recognized position in society and poverty in the past makes them not to be able to control their minds effectively(social psychological factor), and that they get stressed and depressed because of loss of their position in the family after their children leave home and the menopause which hurts their feminine beauty (physiological factor). So, this program aims at letting them to; 1) experience catharsis of the negative feelings which causes hwa-byung by expressing in psychodrama, 2) ease the symptoms of hwa-byung by relaxing their mind, 3) understand themselves through sharing their feelings and thinking at the group level, 4) acquire the opportunities to stabilize and expand their role in their real lives through the role playing.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.232-236
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• 1999

IgA 신병증은 사구체 중맥에 IgA가 침착하는 것이 특징적인 질환이며 막성 사구체 신염은 IgG가 사구체 기저막의 상피하에 미만성으로 침착하는 질환이다. 원발성 사구체 질환중 IgA 신병증과 막성 사구체신염은 비교적 흔한 질환이나 전체적인 빈도는 낮은 편으로, 한 환자의 사구체에서 두 질환이 동시에 발생하는 경우는 매우 드물다. IgA 신병증과 막성 사구체신염의 중복 신염은 Doi등이 1983년 원발성 신질환으로서 처음 보고한 이래, 성인에서 20여례가 보고되었다. 저자들은 신증후군이 발생한 환아에서 신생검을 시행한 결과 원발성 신질환으로서 IgA 신병증과 막성 사구체신염의 소견이 동시에 보이는 중복신염의 드문 예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 환아는 7세된 남아로 내원 한달 전부터 발생한 전신부종을 주소로 내원하였다. 가족력과 과거력상 특이 소견없었으며, 내원시 이학적 소견상 전신적인 허약감과 안와부종, 복부팽만, 하지의 함요부종이 관찰되었고, 검사소견에서는 WBC $19,800/mm^3$, Hb 14.1g/dL, Platelet $397,000/mm^3$, BUN/Cr 10/0.4mg/dL, protein/albumin 4.43/2.73g/dL, cholesterol 429mg/dL, IgA 85mg/dL, $C_3$ 68.8mg/dL, $C_4$ 13.4mg/dL, ANA(-), ANCA(-), RF(-), HBsAg/Ab(-/-)이었다. 뇨검사에서는 RBC many/HPF, WBC 2-3/HPF, protein ${\le}\;300mg/dL$ 였으며, 24시간 소변 검사상 protein 9.18g/day, Ccr 66.67ml/min의 소견을 보였다. 신생검을 시행한 결과 광학현미경상에서 몇몇 사구체의 분절성 경화와 중맥역의 증식이 관찰되었고, 면역형광현미경검사에서는 IgA(3+)가 과립상으로 미만성 분포를 보이며 중맥역에 침착되어 있고, 미세한 과립상과 위선의 양상으로 IgG(1+)가 모세혈관벽에 침착되어 있었으며, 전자현미경 소견상 중맥역과 모세혈관 기저막 상피하에 소량의 전자 고밀도 침착이 함께 관찰되었다. 환아는 prednisolone을 경구 투여 받았으나 단백뇨와 혈뇨가 지속되어 solumedrol pulse therapy, captopril과 cyclophophamide로 치료 받은 후, 전신 상태 호전되고, 혈뇨가 사라졌으며, 24시간 소변 검사상 단백뇨가 487.5mg/day로 감소하여 외래에서 추적 관찰 중이다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.48-56
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• 2000

Purpose: Alport SD., the most common herectitary rephriris, is a renal disease with rapid progression. Deafness, ocular abnormalities and a specific EM finding may be associated in addition to a family history. We have aralyged retrospectively. Methods: We observed 12 children with Alport syndrome who were diagnosed at Dept. of pediatrics in Kyunghee Univ., College of Medicine, from Apr. 1991 until Jun. 1999. We used four criteria for diagnosis: renal disease, family history, deafness or eye abnormalities, and a specific finding in electron microscopy Results: 2 of 12 patients had all features of the four diagnostic criteria. We could not trace an exact family history in 3 patients, and 6 patients did not exhibit deafness or eye abnormality. One could not have renal biopsy because offer chronic renal failure. Other three criteria were observed in her. The ratio of male to female observed was 1:2 respectively and the mean age of initial renal symptom was 5.6 years. 9 of 12 patients had a family history of renal disease. In the audiogram and ocular examination for 11 of 12 cases, sensorineural hearing loss was observed in 6 and ocular abnormality in 2 cases. In electron microscopic finding, irregular thickness of the capillary basement membranes with lamination of lamina densa and foot process obliteration was noted in 9 of 11 and thin basement membrane with splitting and foot process obliteration was noted in the other 2. The mean period of follow-up was 3 6/12 years. And one patient developed the chronic renal failure until now and had kidney transplantation. Conclusion: For the diagnosis of Alport syndrome, the following four diagnostic criteria are very important : renal disease, family history, deafness or eye abnormalities, and a specific finding on electron microscopy. We expect that more patients can be detected through the analysis of these characteristics.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.263-274
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• 2017

The purposes of this study were to verify the longitudinal mediating effects of work-family balance on the relationship of role recognition in the family, marital intimacy and job satisfaction of married women, and to introduce longitudinal mediating effects by using latent growth curve modeling and autoregressive cross-lagged modeling. The subjects were married women from the third year data of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Family. Structural equational models were conducted with Amos ver. 21.0. The major findings are as follows. First, the result of the longitudinal mediating effects of latent growth modeling is the rate of change of work-family balance mediated between the rate of change of role recognition in the family and the rate of change of job satisfaction, and the rate of change of work-family balance mediated between the rate of change of marital intimacy and the rate of change of job satisfaction. Second, when using the autoregressive cross-lagged modeling, the more role recognition and marital intimacy of third year were the more work-family balance of fourth year, job satisfaction of fifth year. In both models, work-family balance mediated between role recognition in the family, marital intimacy and job satisfaction. Therefore, through this study, mediating effects of work-family balance can be found that there was a longitudinal effects.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.83-102
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• 2010

This paper investigates whether intra-household bargaining power affects couples' caregiving decisions during instances of competing parental demands for assistance. The primary focus is on examining how partners' bargaining power influences the relative allocation of time resources between parents and parents-in-law, assuming that children prefer to transfer caregiving resources toward their own parents over their parents-in-law. The findings in this study reject the bargaining theory that couple's parental care behavior results from a bargaining process between the husband and the wife. More specifically, the results did not clearly show that children prefer to transfer caregiving resources toward their own parents over their parents-in-law. Decision-making power, measured by final decision-making authority, also failed to affect the relative care transfers.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.31-49
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine how the father involvement suggested in the Home Economics textbook through the development of gender-equal society and provide the basic data for the development of a standard for the father involvement in the viewpoint of gender equality. For this, the father involvement depicted in the main text, photos, and illustrations included in the Home Economics textbooks were examined. A total of 34 Home Economics textbooks written based on the curricula from the 1st Curriculum up to the 2007 Revised Curriculum were analyzed centering on the contents and the quantity of the text, supplementary materials, photos, and illustrations. The following are the results of the analysis. First, the Home Economics textbooks based on the 1st to 3rd Curriculua only described the traditional father involvement, and photos and illustrations did not specifically describe the role of the father. Second, the Home Economics textbooks based on the 4th to 5th Curricula began to show changes such as the image of the father sharing household responsibilities. Third, the Home Economics textbooks based on the 6th Curriculum suggested more active involvement of the father such as sharing the equal responsibility for the upbringing of children and sharing responsibilities for child care and housework. Fourth, the Home Economics textbooks based on the 7th Curricula up to the Revised Curriculum of 2007 emphasized the father's involvement of upbringing children. Especially, a variety of contents including the domestic responsibilities of the father, the correction of the "work-first" attitude, and gender equality related contents were suggested to promote gender-equal society further. Said results show that the contents related with gender equality and the descriptions about the father role in the viewpoint of gender equality are steadily increasing in Home Economics textbooks. However, there were still problems such as the gender-role division regarding the involvement of the father in the family and temporary responses to social demands. Open debates between the experts in the education of Home Economics and experts in family life may be required in order to improve said problems.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.35
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• pp.231-261
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• 1998

This study was designed to find out a degree of social stigman on people with mental disorder. Many comparisons were made. The first was a comparison with the stigma on the physically disabled. And the differences between general public, the mentally ill, their families, and professionals were explored. Among general public attitudes, the sociodemographic and regional differences were also explored. The subject was 600 people, including 300 general public, 100 mentally ill, 100 families, 100 professionals. They were evenly distributed to 3 regions - big city, urban area, and rural area. The data were collected by a survey questionnaire consisting of the Attitude toward People with Mental Illness Scale, and the Attitude toward People with Physical Disabilities Scale. The analysis showed that the public attitude toward the mentally ill was quite acceptable. Social stigma was low in areas like accepting his/her human right. But the public also showed low acceptance on areas in allowing social functioning roles, and social integration. High stigma on the hospitalized mentally ill was expressed to those hospitalized patients regarding divorce against their will. However, volunteer experiences with this population seemed influential in high acceptance and low stigma. In comparison with the stigma on people with physical disabilities, the results showed. different levels in different areas. In regional comparison, the results showed that big city is the lowest among three. And the results of urban and rural area revealed different levels in different areas. In regard to self-stigma, while the subjects expressed low in general, they revealed high on areas like relating with others. Based on the findings, the study would conclude that mental health policy should be community-based, social integration oriented policy instead of in-patient oriented policy. Moreover, the professionals should intervene on the elements affecting both negative and positive attitudes.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.109-114
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• 2018

The objective of this paper is to suggest plans to properly establish and promote the use of hospice music therapy by examining its necessity and how it is being used in Korea. Hospice music therapy is a clinical and evidence-based use of music interventions administered by a professional to alleviate total pains suffered by hospice patients and their families. While the effects of hospice music therapy have been reported by many studies, its meaning and value are still poorly understood in Korea, which explains the lack of related institutions in the nation. Recently policy-wise and legislative efforts have been made to promote hospice and palliative care, which in turn will likely fuel demand for hospice music therapy. Therefore, the meaning and role of hospice music therapy should be defined by major hospice and palliative care institutions and societies, followed by institutional and academic efforts as follows. First, a set of qualification criteria for hospice music therapists should be established to provide proven music therapy interventions to patients and their families. Second, a systematic program offering both theoretical and practical trainings needs to be developed to foster hospice music therapists. Last but not least, clinical studies should be promoted with development of a research road map for hospice music therapy and a standard protocol.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.389-399
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• 2020

Diverse official policies in community are available for caregivers to take care of the elderly in the US and the UK. This study aims to examine the recent changes in government supports based on The Recognize, Assist, Include Support and Engage (RAISE) in the US, and those by Carer Act 2014 in the UK, to take any good lessons for Korean policy. Caregivers will play a new role to develop innovative treatment for patient-centered care. The UK strengthens to provide various efforts for working carers while assuring economic efficiency in labor market with empirical evidence. The major four ways to support carers were developed agreed with the acknowledge of caregiving value and their human right; financial support, direct services for carers, flexible work time, and advocacy. Korean supports policies for carers in long-term care and social welfare will be more effective in community care system if more evidence based policies are prepared.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.45-55
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• 2020

In terms of environmental justice, urban parks play a pivotal role in imperative amenities allowing for physical activity. The reasonable distribution of urban park services must be considered in terms of community demand and the context of the park. The purpose of this study is to analyze the inequity of qualitative park service according to the socioeconomic status(SES) in Daegu. The qualitative service was assessed for 82 neighborhood and walking-distance parks by utilizing the NGST(Neighborhood Green Space Tool). The inequity was analyzed by SES variables(ratio of basic living recipients, ratio of single-parent families, average housing sales, dilapidated dwelling ratio, and park area per capita). The features of the qualitative equity in Daegu is as follows. First, urban park planning in Daegu is in parallel with the development of residential areas rather than the local policy. The development pattern of parks stretching from center of the city to outskirts clearly dissociates the city based on socioeconomic status. The parks in the center are relatively old and poorly managed. Second, overall neighborhood parks lacked recreational facilities. The facilities are significantly influenced by the housing values around them. The lower the recreation facility score, the higher the floor gradient of the urban parks constraining physical activities. Third, the quantitative supply of parks has nothing to do with the quality of the urban parks. Green space distribution is highly dependent on natural park areas, so the park area per capita cannot be a standard for assessing qualitative equity.