• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.74-83
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• 2011

For launcher applications, different from other applications, very high flow rate is required which can lead to supply pressure drop against required setting pressure. The supply pressure decrease is closely related to regulator characteristics. In this paper, supply pressure offset is investigated considering regulators as kinds of control systems. Pressure offset of self-operated regulator is analyzed with sensitive parameter defined as the ratio of valve travel to pressure offset. It is shown that pressure offset of self-operating regulator can be improved by incorporating proportional and integral controls and they can be materialized with pilot regulator systems.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.354-363
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• 1995

차세대 연료전지인 용융탄산염 연료전지의 운전조건을 확립하기 위하여 운전변수와 단위전지 성능과의 관계를 살표보았다. 용융탄산염 연료전지에 산화제로 공기를 사용하는 경우 양극가스에 질소가 포함된다. 그리고 연료전지의 작동압력을 높이면 출력을 크게 할 수 있다. 그리하여 본 연구에서는 에너지 및 물질수지를 이용하여 양극가스내 질소 조성과 작동압력 변화에 따른 전지내의 온도분포 및 성능변화를 구하였다. 본 연구팀이 이미 발표한 용융탄산염 단위 연료전지의 전류밀도의 온도분포를 구하기 위한 수치모사가 이용되었다. 가스흐름의 형태는 십자류를 선택하였다. 양극가스내 질소의 영향은 냉각효과로 나타났다. 작동압력이 증가할수록 전지의 성능은 증가하였고, 기전력[mV]변화 대 압력[atm]의 상용대수값의 변화(즉, ΔV 대 Δ(log))의 1차함수 그래프 기울기는 79.9로 문헌상의 실험치와 유사하게 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.10 no.3 s.32
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• pp.27-33
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• 2006

This paper investigates leak effect on the outlet pressure at pipeline exit. A modified Weymouth equation(including inclination effect) was used for this study. To investigate leak effect, outlet pressure and ratio of outlet to inlet pressure were compared between no leak and leak conditions for horizontal, upward and downward flows, respectively. Then, effects of leak location as well as leak rate on the outlet pressure were also investigated for all pipeline inclinations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.347-352
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• 2009

Pneumatic system is widely applied to ground facility and launcher on-board system. The main requirements of pneumatic system is to meet pressure and flow requirements of gas consumers. For launcher related applications, different from other applications, very high flow is required which can leads to supply pressure drop against required setting pressure. The supply pressure decrease is closely related to regulator characteristics. In this paper, the characteristics of pneumatic regulator related to supply pressure decrease and the control methods for reducing the pressure offset are reviewed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.145-148
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• 2009

Combustion tests of a fuel-rich gas generator had been conducted using the assembly of a powerpack. A gas generator is prone to longitudinal modes of combustion instabilities in a powerpack due to the increase of a characteristic length. It has been observed that the orifice inserted at the exit of the gas generator suppresses a longitudinal combustion instability. The intensities of pressure fluctuations in the manifolds and the chamber increase quadratically with a chamber pressure. Pressure fluctuations in the fuel manifold reveal two-fold strength greater than those in the oxygen manifold and the chamber. Frequency analysis indicates nonlinear characteristics inherent in the pressure fluctuations in the fuel manifold.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2012

Hydrogen is considered to be the most important future energy carrier in many applications reducing significantly greenhouse gas emissions, but the explosion safety issues associated with hydrogen applications need to be investigated and fully understood to be applicable as the carrier. The risk associated with a explosion depends on an understanding of the impacts of the explosion, particularly the pressure-time history during the explosion. This work provides the effects of explosion parameters, such as specific heat ratio of burned and unburned gas, equilibrium maximum explosion pressure, and burning velocity, on the pressure-time history with flame growth model. The pressure-time history is dominantly depending on the burning velocity and equilibrium maximum explosion pressure of hydrogen-air mixture. The pressure rise rate increase with the burning velocity and equilibrium maximum explosion pressure. The specific heat ratio of unburned gas has more effect on the final explosion pressure increase rate than initial explosion pressure increase rate. However, the specific heat ratio of burned gas has more influence on initial explosion pressure increase rate. The flame speeds are obtained by fitting the experimental data sets. The flame speeds for hydrogen in air based on our experimental data is very low, making a transition from deflagration to detonation in a confined space unlikely under these conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.640-643
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• 2004

유도결합형 플라즈마는 낮은 가스 압력에서도 고밀도의 플라즈마를 발생시키기 때문에 무전극 램프에 많이 적용되고 있다. 그리고 무전극 램프는 장 수명을 실현하고 고품질의 빛을 발생하기 때문에 앞으로 광범위하고 다양한 장소에 사용이 예상된다. 본 논문에서는 유도결합형 플라즈마를 이용한 아르곤 가스의 방전 특성 중에서 색 좌표 특성을 살펴보았다. 즉, 외부 안테나에 의해 발생된 13.56[MHz]의 RF Power를 방전관 내부로 전달하고, 아르곤 가스 압력과 RF Power 변화에 따른 아르곤 가스의 방전 특성을 측정하였다. 또한, 유도결합형 플라즈마를 방전시키기 위한 아르곤 가스의 압력은 1[mTorr]에서 100[mTorr], RF 전력은 10[W]에서 120[W]이며 이의 색 좌표 특성과 스펙트럼을 살펴보았다. 측정 결과 RF 출력이 증가하면 색 좌표의 x, y 값이 동시에 감소하였다. 아르곤 가스 압력이 증가하면 농도의 증가로 인해 발광이 어려웠으며, 색 좌표 특성은 압력이 증가하면서 y 값은 변화가 적었으나 x 값이 100[mTorr]일 크게 증가하는 현상이 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.21-24
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• 1997

고주파 유도결합 플라즈마(RFICP)에서의 전자온도와 전자 밀도를 Double probe 측정법에 의해서 계측하였다. 사용가스는 아르곤가스를 사용하였으며 동작압력은 30 [mTorr]에서 60 [mTorr]로 하였고, 입력파워는 50 [W] 에서 200 [W], 아르곤 가스유량은 3 [sccm]에서 12 [sccm]으로 하였다. 전자온도와 전자밀도의 반경방향의 공간분포는 아스펙트비(R/L)를 1로 하여 측정하였다. 전자온도는 입력파워에 대해서는 특별한 의존성이 없었으나 압력과 아르곤 가스유량에 대해서는 의존성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 전자온도는 입력파워를 증가해도 거의 일정했고, 압력을 증가했을때는 감소하였고, 아르곤 가스유량을 증가하면 저유량에서 전자온도는 저하하려는 경향이 있으나 유량이 증가할수록 변화는 거의 차이가 없는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 전자밀도는 입력파워와 압력, 아르곤 가스유량에 대해서 모두 의존성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 전자밀도는 입력파워를 증가할수록 증가하였고 압력에 대해서는 거의 일정했고, 아르곤 가스유량에 대해서는 증가하는 것을 나타내었다. 반경방향의 공간분포 측정에서는 전자온도는 플라즈마 중심부에서 주변부로 갈수록 조금씩 상승하는 것을 볼수 있으며 전자밀도는 플라즈마 중심부에서 가장 높은 밀도를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로부터 고주파 유도결합 플라즈마(RFICP)에서의 생성유지기구등의 파악에 도움을 줄 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.7 no.3 s.20
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• pp.58-64
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• 2003

This paper presents design safety analysis of pressure vessels. The gas pressure and thermal loads are applied to the pressure vessel simultaneously. In this study, ASME Sec. VIII Div. 2 code was accepted for the safety design of high-pressure vessel. And this result was analyzed using a coupled thermal-mechanical FEM analysis technique. The FEM computed result shows that ASME design code may not guarantee for combined loads of high gas pressure and thermal loads. And solid pressure vessel may be safe compared to other pressure vessels with supporting rings round the cylinder body.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.38 no.2 s.171
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• pp.165-176
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• 2005

Natural gas in deep sediment may occur in three phases based on the physical and chemical conditions. If the concentration of gas in pore water is less than the solubility, gas is dissolved. If the concentration of gas is greater than its solubility (water is saturated or supersaturated with gas), gas occurs as a fee gas below the gas hydrate stability Lone (GHSZ) and is present as solid hydrate within the GHSZ. The knowledge of gas concentration in deep sediment appears critical to determine the phase of natural gases and to understand the formation and distribution of gas hydrate. However, reliable data on gas concentration are usually available only from the upper section of marine sediment by the headspace gas technique, which is widely used for sampling of gases from the sediments. The headspace gas technique represents only a fraction of gases present in situ because sediments release most of the gases during recovery and sampling. The PCS (Pressure Core Sampler) is a downhole tool developed to recover a nominal $1{\cal}m$ long, $4.32{\cal}cm$ diameter core containing $1,465cm^3$ of sediment, pore water and gas at in situ pressure up to 68.9 MPa. During Leg 204, the PCS was deployed at 6 Sites. In situ methane gas concentration and distribution of gas hydrate was measured by using PCS tool. Characteristics of methane concentration and distribution is different from site to site. Distribution of gas hydrate in the study area is closely related to characteristics of in situ gas concentration measured by PCS.