• Title/Summary/Keyword: 가스치환

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Hydration Heat Analysis of Mass Concrete according to FAC and CGS Replacement Rates (FAC 및 CGS 치환율에 따른 매스 콘크리트의 수화열 해석)

  • Kim, Su-Hoo;Beak, Sung-Jin;Han, Soo-Hwan;Han, Jun-Hui;Kim, Jong;Han, Min-Cheol
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2022.04a
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    • pp.158-159
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    • 2022
  • This study analyzed the temperature stress through mixtures mass concrete hydration heat analysis according to the replacement rates of FAC and CGS. As a result of the analysis, it was possible to confirm the effect of reducing hydration heat when CGS is substituted for the low heat mixture of mass concrete. However, the stress of the FAC+CGS combination exceeded the tensile stress. It is believed that it is necessary to apply the insulating sheet of the surface part and reduce the unit weight of cement.

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Characteristics of Concrete Length Change Rate according to Premixed Cement Types and CGS replacement rate (프리믹스 시멘트 종류 및 CGS 치환에 따른 콘크리트의 길이변화율 특성)

  • Han, Jun-Hui;Kim, Su-Hoo;Beak, Sung-Jin;Han, Soo-Hwan;Kim, Jong;Han, Min-Cheol
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2022.04a
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    • pp.154-155
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    • 2022
  • In this study, propose a plan to efficiently utilize CGS, a by-product generated from IGCC, as a mixed fine aggregate for concrete. The effect of the premixed cement types and CGS replacement rate on the overall characteristics and length change rate of concrete was analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the effect of CGS was found to be insignificant, and the effect of cement was found to be dominant.

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Effect of Fineness of GGBS on the Hydration and Mechanical Properties in HIGH Performance HVGGBS Cement Paste (고성능 하이볼륨 슬래그 시멘트 페이스트의 고로슬래그 미분말 분말도에 따른 수화 및 강도 특성)

  • Choi, Young Cheol;Shin, Dongcheol;Hwang, Chul-Sung
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.141-147
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    • 2017
  • Recently, lots of researches on concrete with high volume mineral admixtures such as ground granulated blast-furnace slag(GGBS) have been carried out to reduce greenhouse gas. The high volume GGBS concrete has advantages such as low heat, high durability, but it has a limitation in practical field application, especially low strength development in early ages. This study investigated the compressive strength and hydration characteristics of high performanc and volume GGBS cement pastes with low water to binder ratio. The effects of fineness($4,330cm^2/g$, $5,320cm^2/g$, $6,450cm^2/g$, $7650cm^2/g$) and replacement(35%, 50%, 65%, 80%) of GGBS on the compressive strength, setting and heat of hydration were analyzed. Experimental results show that the combination of high volume slag cement paste with low water to binder ratio and high fineness GGBS powder can improve the compressive strength at early ages.

Characterization of Glycine Metal Salts for $CO_2$ Absorption (이산화탄소 흡수를 위한 글리신 금속염의 특성 연구)

  • Lim, Yun-Hui;Park, Young Koo;Jo, Young-Min
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.284-288
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    • 2012
  • This work deals with the chemical characterization of glycine aqueous solution in $CO_2$ absorption. Three alkali elements were impregnated into the glycine in order to facilitate the formation of amino functionalities. The analysis by IR revealed the transformation of ammonium ions to the amino group. In addition, the NMR analysis showed that the substitution of metal cations to the chemical shift of hydrogen and carbon atoms in glycine; in order of lithium glycinate, sodium glycinate and potassium glycinate depending on the electro negativity. Meanwhile, the $CO_2$ absorption at room temperature was the highest in primary amine solution, but at the increasing temperature sodium glycinate could capture more $CO_2$ than that of the pure amine solution.

Properties of Cement Mortar According to Substitution Ratio of High Calcium Fly Ash Based on Blast Furnace Slag (고로슬래그 기반 고칼슘 플라이애시 치환비율에 따른 시멘트 모르타르의 특성)

  • Cho, Seong-Woo;Mun, Kyung-Ju;Hyung, Won-Gil
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.27-34
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    • 2020
  • In the industry, due to the carbon dioxide gas produced during cement production is increasing, research on recycling by-products has been actively conducted. In the industrial by-products, the high calcium fly ash(HCFA) produced by the blast-furnace in the circulating fluidized bed combustion method has a high ratio of CaO and CaSO4. In view of this, the purpose of this is to use high calcium fly ash(HCFA) as a stimulant in blast furnace slag powder and use it as a cement substitute. As a result, it is judged that the substitution ratio of HCFA should be 15% or less. In addition, although durability and strength are relatively lower than of OPC, it is considered that it can be utilized as an environmentally building material.

Analysis of Furnace Conditions with Waste Plastics Injection into Blast Furnace (폐플라스틱의 吹入에 따른 高爐 爐況解析)

  • 허남환;백찬영;임창희
    • Resources Recycling
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    • v.9 no.6
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    • pp.23-30
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    • 2000
  • Since most of the waste plastics are incinerated and landfilled for the plastic treatment, the environmental friendly processes must be introduced. The plastic utilization of plastic to the blast furnace as a substitutional fuel was developed as a useful recycling method of waste plastics, and commercialized in several ironmaking company in Europe and Japan. Present study was carried out to understand the effect of plastic injection on blast furnace process continuously by using the foundry blast furnace in POSCO. The coke replacement ratio turned out to be 0.98 with the waste plastic injection up to 13.8 kg/thm of injection rate, and there were no significant effect of the kinds of injection plastics on the replacement ratio in this test operation. The permeability in the furnace became worse and the heat load in the lower part of blast furnace was increased with increasing the injection rate of waste plastics. As the rate of plastic injection were increased, the top gas utilization and shaft efficiency were also decreased from the Rist diagram analysis.

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The Degree of Hydration and Mechanical Properties of High Volume Fly Ash Cement (하이볼륨 플라이애시 시멘트의 수화도 및 역학적 특성)

  • Cha, Soo-Won;Choi, Young-Cheol
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.95-102
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    • 2022
  • Recently, there has been a growing interest in reducing greenhouse gases in all industrial fields. In the construction industry, studies have been conducted for the use of high-volume fly ash concrete to replace cement with fly ash. Quantitative measurements of cement hydration and fly ash reactivity enable a clear understanding of the strength development mechanism of high-volume fly ash concrete. It is very difficult to describe the reactivity in a simple way because the hydration and pozzolanic reactions of cement paste containing fly ash are very complex and the composition of the hydration product cannot be accurately determined. This study investigated the hydration and mechanical properties of high volume fly ash (HVFA) cement according to the substitution rate of fly ash (FA). The hydration degree of cement and the reactivity of FA were evaluated through the selective dissolution method and the non-evaporable water content of the paste according to age. In addition, compressive strength was measured using HVFA mortar specimens according to age. As a result of the experiment, as the substitution rate of fly ash increased, the hydration degree of cement increased, but the reactivity of FA decreased.

Characteristics of ITO with surface treatment by N2, O2, Ar Plasma and UV (질소, 산소, 아르곤 플라즈마와 자외선에 의하여 표면 처리한 ITO의 특성)

  • Bae, Gyeong-Tae;Jeong, Seon-Yeong;Gang, Seong-Ho;Kim, Hyeon-Gi;Kim, Byeong-Jin;Ju, Seong-Hu
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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    • 2018.06a
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    • pp.90-90
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    • 2018
  • 디스플레이는 다수의 가로 전극과 세로 전극으로 구성되고, 전극에 신호를 주어 동작하도록 하는 원리이다. 이 디스플레이에는 전기가 통하고 투명한 전극이 필수적으로 사용되고 있고, 대표적인 투명 전극으로 ITO (Indium Tin Oxide)가 있다. ITO 박막은 $In_2O_3$에 Sn을 첨가하여 $Sn^{4+}$ 이온이 $In^{3+}$ 이온을 치환하고 이 과정에서 잉여 전자가 전기전도에 기여하는 구조이다. ITO 박막은 표면 처리 방법에 따라 표면 상태가 크게 변화한다. 플라즈마를 이용한 표면 처리는 환경오염이 적으며 강도, 탄성률 등과 같은 재료의 기계적 특성을 변화시키지 않으면서 표면 특성만을 변화시킬 수 있는 방법으로 알려져 있다[1]. UV (Ultraviolet)를 조사한 표면처리는 ITO 표면의 탄소를 제거하고, 표면 쌍극자를 형성하며, 표면의 조성을 변화시킬 수 있으며, 페르미 에너지 준위를 이동시킬 수 있어 ITO의 일함수를 증가시킬 수 있다[2]. ITO에 대한 다양한 연구가 수행되었음에도 불구하고 보다 다양한 관점에서의 연구가 지속될 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 다양한 조건으로 표면 처리한 ITO 표면의 일함수, 면저항, 표면 형상, 평탄도, 접촉각 등에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 세정한 ITO, 세정 후 UV 처리한 ITO (UV 처리 시간 2분, 4분 6분, 8분), 세정 후 $N_2$, $O_2$, Ar의 공정 가스를 사용하여 Plasma 처리한 ITO로 표면 처리 조건을 변화하였다. 표면 처리한 ITO의 특성은 Kelvin Probe를 이용한 일함수, 물방울 형상의 각도를 측정한 접촉각, AFM (Atomic Force Microscope)을 이용한 평탄도, 가시광선 (380~780 nm) 파장에 대한 투과도와 면저항을 측정하였다. 접촉각은 세정한 ITO의 경우 $45.5^{\circ}$에서 세정 후 UV를 조사한 ITO의 경우 UV 8분 조사 시 $27.86^{\circ}$로 감소하였고, $N_2$, $O_2$, Ar 가스를 사용하여 Plasma 처리한 ITO는 모두 $10^{\circ}$ 미만을 나타내었다. 플라즈마 처리에 의하여 접촉각이 현저하게 개선되었다. ITO의 면저항은 표면 처리 조건에 따라 $9.620{\sim}9.903{\Omega}/{\square}$로 그 차이가 매우 적어 표면처리에 의하여 면저항의 변화는 없는 것으로 판단된다. 가시광선 영역에서의 투과도는 공정 조건에 따라 87.59 ~ 89.39%로 그 차이가 적어 표면처리에 의한 변화를 나타내지는 않은 것으로 판단된다. 표면 처리 조건에 따른 평탄도 $R_{rms}$는 세정한 ITO의 경우 4.501 nm로부터 UV 2, 4, 6, 8분 처리한 경우 2.797, 2.659, 2.538, 2.584 nm로 평탄도가 개선되었다. $N_2$, $O_2$, Ar 가스를 사용하여 플라즈마 처리한 ITO의 경우 평탄도 $R_{rms}$는 2.49, 4.715, 4.176 nm로 사용한 가스의 종류에 따라 다른 경향을 나타내었다. 표면 처리 조건에 따른 평탄도 Ra는 세정한 ITO의 경우 3.521 nm로부터 UV 2, 4, 6, 8분 처리한 경우 1.858, 1.967, 1.896, 1.942 nm를, $N_2$, $O_2$, Ar 가스를 사용하여 플라즈마 처리한 ITO의 경우는 1.744, 3.206, 3.251 nm로 평탄도 $R_{rms}$와 유사한 경향을 나타내었다.

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Study on the limitation of AVO responses shown in the seismic data from East-sea gas reservoir (동해 가스전 탄성파 자료에서 나타나는 AVO 반응의 한계점에 대한 고찰)

  • Shin, Seung-Il;Byun, Joong-Moo;Choi, Hyung-Wook;Kim, Geon-Deuk;Ko, Seung-Won;Seo, Young-Tak;Cha, Young-Ho
    • 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.10a
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    • pp.107-112
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    • 2008
  • In the case of the deep reservoirs like the gas reservoirs in the East-sea, it is often difficult to observe AVO responses in CMP gathers. Because the reservoir becomes more consolidated as its depth deepens, P-wave velocity does not decrease significantly when the pore fluid is replaced by the gas. In this study, we analyzed the effects of Poisson's ratio difference on AVO response with a variety of Poisson's ratios for the upper and lower layers. The results show that, as the difference in Poisson's ratio between the upper and lower layers decreases, the change in the reflection amplitude with incidence angle decreases. To consider the limitation of AVO responses shown in the gas reservoir in East-sea, the velocity model was made by simulation Gorae V structure with seismic data and well logs. The results of comparing AVO responses observed from the synthetic data with theoretical AVO responses calculated by using material properties show that the amount of the change in reflection amplitude with increasing incident angle is very small when the difference in Poisson's ratio between the upper and lower layers is small. In addition, the characteristics of AVO responses were concealed by noise or amplitude distortion arisen during preprocessing. To overcome such limitations of AVO analysis of the data from deep reservoirs, we need to acquire precisely reflection amplitudes in data acquisition stage and use processing tools which preserve reflection amplitude in data processing stage.

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Up-cycling of Air-cooled Ladle Furnace Slag : Environmental Risk Assessment and Mortar Compressive Strength Assesment of Binary and Ternary Blended Cement Using Air-cooled Ladle Furnace Slag (전기로 환원슬래그 Up-cycling : 환경위해성 평가 및 환원슬래그를 혼합하여 제조한 2성분계 및 3성분계 혼합시멘트 모르타르 압축강도 평가)

  • Cho, Han Sang;Mun, Young Bum;Moon, Won Sik;Park, Dae Cheol;Kim, Hyeong Cheol;Choi, Hyun Kook
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.159-164
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    • 2015
  • This study investigated the environmental risk for up-cycling of air-cooled ladle furnace slag (LFS) and evaluated the mortar compressive strength of binary and ternary blended cements using LFS of 3, 5, 10 wt%. Based on the Soil Environment Conservation Act standard, there was no environmental risk of the up-cycling of LFS. Results of mortar compressive strength assesment showed that the compressive strength of two blended cements using LFS of lower than 5 wt% was about 1.1 times superior to that of un-substituted cement (ordinary portland cement, OPC); however the compressive strength of those with LFS of 10 wt% decreased with 10% compared with that of OPC.