• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.53 no.12
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• pp.175-179
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• 2016

Recent advances in technology of medical image have made surgical simulation that is helpful to diagnosis, operation plan, or education. Improving and enhancing the medical imaging have led to the availability of high definition images and three-dimensional (3D) visualization, it allows a better understanding in the surgical and educational field. The Real human field of view is stereoscopic. Therefore, with just 2D images, stereoscopic reconstruction process through the surgeon's head, is necessary. To reduce these process, 3D images have been used. 3D images enhanced 3D visualization, it provides significantly shorter time for surgeon for judgment in complex situations. Based on 3D image data set, virtual medical simulations, such as virtual endoscopy, surgical planning, and real-time interaction, have become possible. This article describes principles and recent applications of newer imaging techniques and special attention is directed towards medical 3D reconstruction techniques. Recent advances in technology of CT, MR and other imaging modalities has resulted in exciting new solutions and possibilities of shoulder imaging. Especially, three-dimensional (3D) images derived from medical devices provides advanced information. This presentation describes the principles and potential applications of 3D imaging techniques, simulation and printing in shoulder and elbow practice.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.267-278
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• 2009

Today an embodied agent generates a large amount of interest because of its vital role for human-human interactions and human-computer interactions in virtual world. A number of researchers have found that we can recognize and distinguish between various emotions expressed by an embodied agent. In addition many studies found that we respond to simulated emotions in a similar way to human emotion. This study investigates interpretation of mismatched emotions expressed by an embodied agent (e.g. a happy face with a sad voice); whether audio-visual channel integration occurs or one channel dominates when participants judge the emotion. The study employed a 4 (visual: happy, sad, warm, cold) $\times$ 4 (audio: happy, sad, warm, cold) within-subjects repeated measure design. The results suggest that people perceive emotions not depending on just one channel but depending on both channels. Additionally facial expression (happy face vs. sad face) makes a difference in influence of two channels; Audio channel has more influence in interpretation of emotions when facial expression is happy. People were able to feel other emotion which was not expressed by face or voice from mismatched emotional expressions, so there is a possibility that we may express various and delicate emotions with embodied agent by using only several kinds of emotions.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.105-119
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• 2005

With the introduction of Internet-based education such as online learning and virtual campuses. there are increased interests and demands for electronically delivering educational contents in comparison to the traditional educational methods. Our preilminary study showed that approximately $50\%$ of virtual groups formed online for the scope of collaborative learning encountered harriers that prevented them from forming an effective learning team and making satisfactory progress toward reaching the learning objectives. In this study, we asked the undergraduate students. who were the members of the online learning team, to work on the given discussion topics through the use of emails and threaded discussion boards. Then. we investigated the roles played by two electronic communication medium during the virtual discussion with respect to the learning outcome. We also studied how information was shared amongst the virtual learning team members. The results of our study showed that the email based online learning had the advantage of individualized and friendly information transfer. However. it also caused certain difficulty in exchanging ideas due to the one-sided nature of the email-based communication. On the other hand, the threaded discussion board provided easier information sharing and broadcasting. which enabled active participation by the virtual team members. However. It also had the disadvantage of difficulty in accurate information conveyance and duplication of the posted information. In summary, our study results showed that there was a high correlation between the characteristics of the electronic communication medium and the decision that the online learners made regarding which medium to use. There was a high correlation between the type of the electronic communication medium and the online learners' experiences in using these media.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.421-430
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• 2013

To predict behaviors of offshore wind turbines which are highly laterally loaded structures and to design them rationally, evaluating the soil-foundation interaction is important. Nowadays, there are many soil modeling methods for structural analysis of general structures subjected to vertical loads, but using the methods without any consideration for design of a monopile foundation is eschewed because it might cause wrong structural design due to the deferent loading state. In this paper, we identify the differences of the member forces and displacements by design methods. The results show that fixed end method is barely suitable for monopile design in terms of checking the serviceability because it underestimate the lateral displacement. Fixed end method and stiffness matrix method underestimate the member forces, whereas virtual fixed end method overestimates them. The results of p-y curve method and coefficient of subgrade reaction method are similar to the results of 3D soil modeling method, and 2D soil modeling method overestimates the displacement and member forces as compared with other methods.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.81
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• pp.272-298
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• 2017

This study aims at understanding Korean fans who are also one of the most inquisitive consumers of the Korean pop products. For this purpose, it examines how Korean fandom perceives the procedures of the K-pop's globalization and constructs different perspectives of foreign fans. Firstly, it examines Korean fandom's the national pride as the K-pop expands to the global markets. Secondly, it explores how the Korean fandom rationalizes its possessive instinct while the global fans and markets becomes increasingly important. Finally, it explores how the Korean fandom constructs the different perceptions on foreign fans. In order to observe korean fans' thoughts and activities, it participates in the interactions in the tweeters and an online community. The Korean fans' perspective reflects both on individual tastes and the social dimensions in which fans live through. Through the lens of the Korean fandom, this study attempts to explicate the Korean fans' perception on foreign fans, which reflects another dimension of the K-pop's globalization.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.15-39
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• 2007

Mobile games have emerged as the most innovative entertainment technology, adding new revenue streams, taking advantage of the potential of wireless applications and service offerings. Mobile games, like any other types of computer game, offer a unique value for users in providing an exciting digital experience in virtual worlds. In this paper, we attempt to investigate the demographic factors which play critical roles in determining the level of playing times; classify mobile gamers based on their motives for playing games; and empirically test differences in their demographic factors and mobile game usage. Statistical results show that significant differences in playing times exist, depending upon their age, gender, mobile device, mobile phone usage, mobile game experiences, and preferred games genres. Applying Factor analysis, we have identified Escape, Social interaction, Challenge and Competition, Fantasy, Diversion and Relaxation, Ease of Accessibility as key motivators for playing mobile games. Additional cluster analysis shows that the categorization of gamers, according to their usage habits and the key motivators for playing, can be made as follows: Multi-gamers, Communication-focused gamers and Mobile active-gamers. Further correlation of these grouping with socio-economic data shows the significant differences in gaming habits and patterns of mobile phone use.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.87-95
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• 2011

Recently, as smartphones have rapidly come into wide use and various social networking services have grown, people perform a variety of interactions through the virtual and real world based on them. Usually, such services focus on easy formation of social links among users, supporting the exchange of simple messages among users on the networks. Twitter, one of such services used worldwide, supports short message service named Tweet and has over 200 million members signed up. n this paper, we propose techniques for supporting real-time group messaging based on the social network of Twitter and describe a smartphone group messaging system developed with the techniques. The system automatically forms a group that include a Twitter user and the followers of the user, supporting real-time group messaging among the group members. The developed system is composed of an XMPP protocol-based messaging server and smartphone client applications which perform real-time messaging based on the social network of Twitter. Twitter users can easily use the system utilizing Tweet messages, exchanging real-time messages with their followers within the groups instantly established on the XMPP server.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.151-158
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• 1997

This study was carried out to identify how soybean seed oil is influenced by climatic factors and to investigate how genotypes differ in their responses. Twelve lines selected were studied in 13 environments of North Carolina. Responses of oil concentration and total seed oil to climatic variables were investigated using a linear regression model. The best response models were determined. There were wide climatic effects in oil concentration and total seed oil. The lowest oil concentration environment was characterized by the most HTD and the smallest VADTRg and the lowest total oil environment was distinguished by the largest VADTRa and the smallest VMnDT. For oil concentration, most lines except for NC107 responded negatively to MxDT, HTD, ADT, and ADTRg, although they had different degrees of sensitivities, indication that warmer temperature may result in decreased oil concentration. All lines responded positively to VMnDT, VADTRg, and ADRa, although they had different degrees of sensitivities, suggesting that larger variation in minimum daily temperature and average daily temperature range and more average daily rain may result in increased oil concentration. Eleven lines had best response models with 1 to 3 variables. However, although NC109 did not show a significant sensitivity to any variable, it had the best response model with 2 significant variables, demonstrating that an interaction between 2 variables might be more critical in determining oil concentration than one variable.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.729-734
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• 2002

In this study, the polyaniline films of emeraldine base(EB) and lucoemeraldine base(LEB) form chemically doping with poly(sodium-4 styrenesulfonate, PSS) were prepared by casting the mixed solution of chloroform and m-cresol on ITO(indium tin oxide) electrode. By analyzing UV-vis spectra of the mixed solutions, the effects of the secondary doping by m-cresol were obtained. And the conductivity of polyaniline film was increased with increasing m-cresol content. The results suggest that the improvement of conductivity obtained by secondary doping results primarily from interaction of polyaniline and m-cresol. As the results of analyzing cyclic voltammograms, it was known that the redox peak currents of polyaniline electrode prepared from LEB were larger and more reversible than those of polyaniline electrodes prepared from EB. The charge transfer resistances($R_{ct}$) of polyaniline electrodes were reduced with increasing m-cresol content, and LEB/PSS electrodes were smaller than EB/PSS electrodes. This result agrees to the analysis of the redox peak current of cyclic voltammograms. The solution resistance and the capacity of electrical double layer almost unchanged in all prepared polyaniline electrodes. It was confirmed that solution resistance was independent of frequency factor in AC impedance spectra. Also the polyaniline film doping with PSS was revealed pseudo n-type characteristics of conducting polymer.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.274-279
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• 2009

The flow of a universal system-level design methodology consists of system specification, system-level hardware/software partitioning, co-design, co-verification using virtual or physical prototype, and system integration. In this paper, verification environments based-on SystemVerilog and SystemC, one is native-code co-verification environment which makes prompt functional verification possible and another is SystemVerilog layered testbench which makes clock-level verification possible, are implemented. In native-code co-verification, HW and SW parts of SoC are respectively designed with SystemVerilog and SystemC after HW/SW partitioning using SystemC, then the functional interaction between HW and SW parts is carried out as one simulation process. SystemVerilog layered testbench is a verification environment including corner case test of DUT through the randomly generated test-vector. We adopt SystemC to design a component of verification environment which has multiple inheritance, and we combine SystemC design unit with the SystemVerilog layered testbench using SystemVerilog DPI and ModelSim macro. As multiple inheritance is useful for creating class types that combine the properties of two or more class types, the design of verification environment adopting SystemC in this paper can increase the code reusability.