• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 1993

This study was conducted to investigate to compare avifauna at Taegosa area in Pukhansan with Kamapong area in Inje-gun, Korea. The observed birds at Taegosa in Pukhansan and Kamapong area were 35 individuals on species and 113 individuals on 29 species respectively. In Pukhansan area, there was severely avifauna diminishing in July in which users were concentrated. Pica pica sericea and Streptopelia orientalis orientalis were observed the dominant species in Pukhansan area and Kamapong area respectively. There were two species of national monument in these surveyed area, Otus scops stictonotus in Pukhansan area and Falco tinnunculus interstinctus in Kamapong area. Cuculus saturatus horsfields, Cuculus micropterus micropterus and Eurystomus orientalis calonyx were found out in Kamapong area to the rare bird. Species diversity and avi-ecosystems in Kamapong area were seemed to good, whereas in Pukhansan area, there was relatively poor avifauna caused by isolating with surrounding ecosystem, overusing by visitors beyond capacity and heavy acid rain. Therefore avifauna protection plans sould be made and carried out for Pukhansan National Park by thorought study with experts.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.2
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• pp.216-222
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• 2000

Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms is a tree species that has been traditionally used as a source for oriental folk medicine. It is known to contain both Eeleutheroside E and chlorogenic acid. These two compounds are believed to be effective elements in the tree. In the present study, we analyzed the levels of the two compounds from the plants collected from various locations in Korea to find out whether environment affected the quantity of both compounds in the tissue. When the plants growing in their natural habitats and those growing in plantations were compared, the level of the two compounds showed different pattern. In the case of chlorogenic acid in roots, the plants growing in plantations are found to contain higher levels than did those from natural habitats. On the other hand, higher levels of eleutheroside E were found in the plants from natural habitats. However, when the compounds in the stems were compared, the plants growing in the natural habitats contained higher level in both compounds than did those from plantations. Although the level of both compounds in the leaf tissue varied with the places from which they were originated, it appeared to be less than that found in roots or stems. There exists a tendency that the level of eleutheroside E showed a positive correlation with the diameter of both roots and stems of the plants.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.315-325
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• 2021

Yeonjae(淵齋) Song Byeong-seon(宋秉璿, 1836-1905) was the ninth-generation descendant of Uam (尤庵) Song Si-yeol (宋時烈). During his lifetime, he gained the trust of Yu-rim(儒林) and was called to the court several times. However, he eventually refused an official] post and spent his life cultivating his studies in the wild. When the Eulsa Treaty(乙巳條約) was signed on November 17, Yeonjae pleaded with King Gojong about the abolition of the treaty. And on the morning of December 30, Yeon-jae committed suicide at his old house in Hoedeok(懷德). At this time, Yeon-jae sent the final appeal to the king, leaving a message to the king, the people, and Yu-rim about the restoration of national sovereignty, fulfilling his duties as a leader of Sarim(士林). After that, in 1962, Yeonjae was awarded the Order of Independence Medal of National Founding. Song Byeong-seon's excursions took place throughout his life. 22 long and short travelogues are existed today. The excursions were mainly done by land, so most of them rode horses or mules. He sometimes used floats or kilns. But he sometimes knew how to use the waterways effectively. This is because in some travel reports, routes using inland waterways and sea routes appear. The journey of the series continues all the way to finding the relics of his ancestors. In this process, it is clear that he reaffirmed its mission of succession to the family and promised to be a part of the brilliant feat of the ancestors. In addition, the reading of the scriptures and Neo-Confucian discussion were added to the excursions. His excursions continued as a means of publicizing and expanding the Neo-Confucian worldview. Thus, Yeonjae inherited the spirit of John Wangyangi(尊王攘夷) left by his ancestors, and finally raised the banner of Wijeongcheoksa(衛正斥邪) high. And he resolutely set out on the road to death for the country.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.18
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• pp.513-557
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• 2009

The procession depicted in Goguryeo's ancient tomb mural consists of guards, honor guards, music band, and performing artists. Since this coincides with the royal processions of Goryeo and Joseon Dynasties, the relationship of its impact can be examined. The performing arts appearing in such street procession were mostly sanakbaekhui. During the Goryeo Dynasty, the king visited Bongeunsa templ when the lotus lantern festival was celebrated. At such time, on the left and right sides of the road travelled by the king were installed mountains made of lanterns and trees made of lanterns. The procession was quite large in scale and was accompanied by colorful music and performances. In the narye ceremony of the Goryeo Dynasty, as in China, street procession and performing arts took place. The jisinbarbgi performed by a peasant band in early January is a custom of narye. A new character appears in the royal narye during the first half of the Joseon period. Therefore the features of narye transforming according to the changes of the times can be examined. In the Joseon Dynasty's procession of a king returning to the palace, the royal band in front and behind the carriage of the king played marching music, and led by a sanbung this street procession headed toward the palace. Various performances also took place during this time. The samilyuga and munhuiyeon were festivals of the yangban class(nobility). Those who passed the state examination hired musicians and performers and paraded around town in Seoul for three days to celebrate the auspicious outcome for their family and to show off their family's power. In the Joseon's dongje and eupchijeui ceremonies, street processions were carried out with a shrine deity image or symbolic flag at the head. The dongje in a Korean village, combined with jisinbarbgi, incorporated a procession with the flags ymbolizing the guardian deity of the village at the head, and this went from house to house. The procession of suyeongyaru had the publicity impact of a mask play performance, and by creating a sense of unity among the participants, heightened the celebratory atmosphere. At the core of the bukcheonggun toseongri gwanweonnori was as treet procession imitating the traveling of high government officials. The toseong gwanweonnori has the folk religion function of praying for safe human living and abundance of grains for the village, the entertainment function of having fun and joy through street processions and various performances, and the social function of creating unity and harmony among the residents. In all the aforementioned events, the street procession had a large role in creating a celebratory atmosphere, and the performance of traditional performing arts in the middle of the procession or after the procession enabled the participants to feel united. The participants of the street procession felt cultural pride and self-confidence through the various events and they were able to have the opportunity to show off and proudly display their abilities.