• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.22 no.2 s.73
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• pp.7-18
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• 2004

This study aims to present the establishment and necessity of the proper market segmentation by customer preference. In this study, benefit segmentation method was employed using conjoint analysis to measure price elasticity by segmented groups. It presents that the price elasticity is different by characteristic of customers using parcel service in this result. Benefit segmentation, therefore, may use some useful marketing tool when a parcel service company segments the market to provide better service.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2001

전력산업에 경쟁제도가 도입되면 전력 생산자와 소비자는 전력 시장을 통하여 그들의 편익을 최대화 하고자 한다. 발전사업자와 수요자사이에 거래되는 시장에서의 전력 가격은 시장에 공급되는 전력량과 전력수요량에 따라 균형을 이루는 점으로 결정되고 이 점에서 사회편익이 최대가 된다. 소비자의 전력사용지불의사에 따라 달라지는 전력 수요랑을 표현하는 가격탄력성에 따라 시장에서 결정되는 가격은 변하게되고, 전력 생사자는 변화하는 전력생산비용을 요금에 반영함으로써 전력수요에 적절한 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 탄력성이 변함에 따라 달라지는 사회적 편익과 전력시장 참여자인 생산자와 소비자 편익변화를 가상적 시나리오에 따른 모의 실험을 통하여 경쟁적 전력시장의 경우 가격탄력성이 클수록 사회적 편익이 증가함을 보였다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.695-697
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• 2004

현재 전력시장에서 발생하는 게이밍을 반영하기 위한 수리적 모델로서 가장 보편적으로 사용되는 이론 중의 하나가 쿠르노 모델이다. 쿠르노 모델을 실제전력시장에 적용할 때 가장 어려운 점 중의 하나는 정화한 해당 모델에 사용되는 수요와 시장가격간의 관계를 정식화한 수요반웅함수(혹은 역수요함수)를 구하는 것이 다. 기존 모델의 경우 장기간에 걸친 탐문조사나 데이터를 바탕으로 가격탄력성을 구하는 방식을 취하고 있다. 그러나 수요는 전기설비의 교체 소비자의 기호 등 여러가지 변수로 지속적으로 변할 수 있기 때문에 이러한 고정적인 가격탄력성을 적용하는 것은 문제점이 될 수 있기 때문에 본 논문에서는 이러한 가격탄력성을 일정 거래주기 마다 갱신해줄 수 있는 방법을 제안하고자 한다.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.257-289
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• 2002

In this study we analyse how the tobacco prices have an effect on the national health. The level of tobacco price will fluctuate its consumers demand and eventually affect the national health status. We estimate tobacco consumption function as well as households'demand system in which tobacco and health expenditure functions are included. Demand elasticities are estimated and evaluated in order to find future policies to improve the national health by controlling the national tobacco consumption There are two econometric approaches app1ied in this study. The lent tobacco demand analysis method is mm tobacco consumption function model. Using national indices of tobacco price, tobacco consumption and other related variables, tobacco consumption function is estimated. The other is micro demand system analysis by using Korean urban households expenditure data during the period of 1991 to 1999. The own price elasticity which is estimated from national tobacco demand per capita is -0.19 for all people and -0.176 for the adults over 18, which means 100% price increase will cause decease of tobacco demand at 19% and 17.6% per each The cross vice elasticity which is estimated between tobacco and health expenditure of urban households demand system is -0.2328, which implies 100% of tobacco price increase will decrease 23.28% of health expenditure. The low price elasticities imply that tobacco price increase will increase total tobacco sales volume. 100% of tobacco price increase will bring about 79% increase of total tobacco sales volume according to our scenario. Korea's tobacco demand is negatively responsive to fluctuations in its price. The health expenditure is also negatively relatedto the tobacco price fluctuation. These empirical outputs could be utilized as the basis of government's tax policy to control national tobacco consumption in the future.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.55-71
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• 2012

This paper attempts to estimate the energy price elasticity of per capita $CO_2$ emissions, which helps to understand the influence of recent energy price increase on the natural reduction of $CO_2$ emissions. For this purpose, this study researched panel data of twenty-nine OECD countries from 1978 to 2009 and adopted estimation models for testing the environmental Kuznets hypothesis. Estimation results show that the 1% increase of energy price index will cause a statistically significant decrease of per capita $CO_2$ emissions by 0.26 ~ 0.31%, which is substantial enough for policy consideration. Also Kuznet curves in estimation models were identifed, the turning points of income lie between 22.2~48.5 thousand US dollars, depending on model specifications.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.301-308
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• 2012

This paper attempts to estimate the demand function for the transport LPG and to analyze long-run and short-run price and income elasticities. In addition, the paper measures consumer surplus and economic value ensuing from the transport LPG consumption by utilizing the estimated long-run price elasticity. The price and the income data are the monthly real transport LPG price and the monthly composite index adjusted by real transport LPG price from 2003 to 2012. Unit root test, co-integration test and error correction model are to take the procedure of estimation of demand curve. The demand for transport LPG is considered to be inelastic and the long-run demand is more elasticity than that of short-run. Price elasticity of demand estimate here is -0.422, and the estimated consumer surplus and economic value in 2010/03 are 966 and 1,781 billion won, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.269-274
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• 2006

전국 176개 지자체의 5개년 자료를 이용하여 생활용수의 가격탄력성을 분석 하였다. 기존의 연구에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 결과가 도출되었다. 수도요금 10% 인상에 수요량은 0.5% 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 수도요금 인상을 통해 수요량 절감을 달성할 수 있을지 여부는 불투명해 보인다. 따라서 탄력성이 있다는 결론이 자칫 수돗물 값을 몇 % 인상시키면 댐 몇 개가 필요 없다는 식의 논리는 위험한 생각이다. 물 값의 역할은 물수요 절감뿐 아니라 향후 공급에 요구되는 비용의 회복과 시설의 효과적인 유지 및 관리비용임을 명심해야 한다. 국가 정책의 수립을 위해서는 정상적인 가격체계의 도입과 함께 보다 객관적인 연구가 요구된다.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.81-90
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• 2004

The aim of this study is to estimate the own price elasticities for tobacco demand among Korean urban households. Using the expenditure data of smoking urban households, the quadratic almost ideal demand system is estimated. The estimated price elasticity of tobacco demand is -0.52 on the average value. The higher households income, the higher education level of households head, and the higher number of children, the tobacco demand gets more inelastic.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.7-20
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• 2012

The objective of this paper is to construct pseudo-panel data set and estimate price and income elasticities of car travel demand, using 1995-2007 household income and expenditure survey data, in order to provide quantitative information for analyzing related policy effects in the transport sector. We categorized household survey data into 14 cohorts based on the birth year of the household head. As the result, a total of 133 pseudo-panel data sets was created for estimating price and income elasticities of car travel demand. Especially, price and income elasticities of car travel demand were separately estimated both short-term and long-term. We analyzed the panel model considering fixed effect within cohorts, using explanatory variables such as previous year's fuel consumption, real household income after tax, education level of the household head, the number of children under five, and the share of household type averaged by cohorts. As results, the short-term and long-term price elasticities of car travel demand were calculated as 0.2974-0.4280 and 0.4087-0.6275, respectively. Similarly, the short-term and long-term income elasticities were calculated as 0.3364-0.6281 and 0.7098, respectively.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.370-375
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• 2013

This paper attempts to estimate the city gas demand function in Korea over the period 1981-2012. As the city gas demand function provides us information on the pattern of consumer's city gas consumption, it can be usefully utilized in predicting the impact of policy variables such as city gas price and forecasting the demand for city gas. We apply lagged dependent variable model and ordinary least square method as a robust approach to estimating the parameters of the city gas demand function. The results show that short-run price and income elasticities of the city gas demand are estimated to be -0.522 and 0.874, respectively. They are statistically significant at the 1% level. The short-run price and income elasticities portray that demand for city gas is price- and income-inelastic. This implies that the city gas is indispensable goods to human-being's life, thus the city gas demand would not be promptly adjusted to responding to price and/or income change. However, long-run price and income elasticities reveal that the demand for city gas is price- and income-elastic in the long-run.