• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.6_2
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• pp.1567-1577
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• 2020

Urban land cover classification is role in urban planning and management. So, it's important to improve classification accuracy on urban location. In this paper, machine learning model, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) are proposed for urban land cover classification based on high resolution satellite imagery (KOMPSAT-3A). Satellite image was trained based on 25 m rectangle grid to create training data, and training models used for classifying test area. During the validation process, we presented confusion matrix for each result with 250 Ground Truth Points (GTP). Of the four SVM kernels and the two activation functions ANN, the SVM Polynomial kernel model had the highest accuracy of 86%. In the process of comparing the SVM and ANN using GTP, the SVM model was more effective than the ANN model for KOMPSAT-3A classification. Among the four classes (building, road, vegetation, and bare-soil), building class showed the lowest classification accuracy due to the shadow caused by the high rise building.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.503-509
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to set the rate of change between the market price of the next day and the previous day to be predicted as the predicted value, and the market price for each section is generated by dividing the stock price ranking of the next day to be predicted at regular intervals, which is different from the previous papers that predict the market price. We would like to propose a new time series data prediction method that predicts the market price change rate of the final next day through a model using the rate of change as the predicted value. The change in the performance of the model according to the degree of subdivision of the predicted value and the type of input data was analyzed.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2017

This study was conducted to analyze the urban heat island(UHI) intensity of South Korea by using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) satellite imagery. For this purpose, the metropolitan area was spatially divided according to land cover classification into urban and non-urban land. From the analysis of land surface temperature(LST) in South Korea in the summer of 2009 which was calculated from MODIS satellite imagery it was determined that the highest temperature recorded nationwide was $36.0^{\circ}C$, lowest $16.2^{\circ}C$, and that the mean was $24.3^{\circ}C$, with a standard deviation of $2.4^{\circ}C$. In order to analyze UHI by cities and counties, UHI intensity was defined as the difference in average temperature between urban and non-urban land, and was calculated through RST1 and RST2. The RST1 calculation showed scattered distribution in areas of high UHI intensity, whereas the RST2 calculation showed that areas of high UHI intensity were concentrated around major cities. In order to find an effective method for analyzing UHI by cities and counties, analysis was conducted of the correlation between the urbanization ratio, number of tropical heat nights, and number of heat-wave days. Although UHI intensity derived through RST1 showed barely any correlation, that derived through RST2 showed significant correlation. The RST2 method is deemed as a more suitable analytical method for measuring the UHI of urban land in cities and counties across the country. In cities and counties with an urbanization ratio of < 20%, the rate of increase for UHI intensity in proportion to increases in urbanization ratio, was very high; whereas this rate gradually declined when the urbanization ratio was > 20%. With an increase of $1^{\circ}C$ in RST2 UHI intensity, the number of tropical heat nights and heat wave days was predicted to increase by approximately five and 0.5, respectively. These results can be used for reference when predicting the effects of increased urbanization on UHI intensity.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.27-31
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• 2000

As the functional test of cornea. The clinical value of keratometric information was important for assessment the curvature of the cornea, the quality of the corneal surface, the stability of the corneal curvature, and the direction of the corneal astigmatism. This study was performed the comparative analysis of male and female of adult on the base curve, power and astigmatism of the Cornea. On the corneal base curve, the male right eye was 7.656 mm in vertical and 7.966 mm in horizontal. But, the male left cornea was 7.714 mm in vertical base curve and 8.026 mm in horizontal base curve. On the other hand, the female right eye cornea was 7.559 mm in vertical base curve and 7.695 mm in horizontal base curve. But, the female left eye cornea was 7.444 mm in vertical base curve and 7.742 mm in horizontal base curve. On the corneal diopter power, the male right eye was 44.063 diopter in vertical and 43.738 diopter in horizontal. But the male left eye was 44.046 diopter in vertical and 42.304 diopter in horizontal. On the other hand, the female right eye was 44.082 diopter in vertical and 43.77 diopter in horizontal. But, the female left eye was 44.347 diopter in vertical and 43.495 diopter in horizontal. According to the corneal astigmatism axis. The male right eye have 89.9% positive for with the - rule astigmatism, and 8.1 % positive for against - the - rule astigmatism. But, he male left eye have 91.89% positive for with - the - rule astigmatism, and 8.11 % positive for against - the - rule astigmatism. On the other hand, The female right eye have 76.92% positive for with - the - rule astigmatism, and 23.08 % positive for against - the - rule astigmatism. But, the female left have 80.76 % positive for with - the - rule astigmatism, and 17.31 % positive for against - the - rule as tigmatism. The diopter power of corneal astigmatism have 25.57% positive for behind 1 diopter, 44.89% positive for 1 diopter, 18.18% positive for 2 diopter, 5.11% positive for 3 diopter and 6.25% positive for over 4 diopter.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Studies
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.207-230
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• 2002

본고에서는 한국의 증권시장과 일본의 증권시장이 같은 공매시장(Auction markets)의 형태라도 거래되는 시점에 따라 다른 거래제도에 따라 가격이 결정되는 점도 있어 각 시점별로 양 시장의 주가행태를 가격조정모형을 통하여 비교 분석하였다. 일반적으로 한국과 일본 모두 오전 시가 수익률의 분산이 종가 수익률에서의 분산보다 크고 또한 오전 시가 수익률의 분산이 다른 시점의 수익률의 분산 보다 켰다. 한국 및 일본 양 시장에서 시가수익률의 분산과 음의 시계열상관계수에서 공히 거래정지기간에 따른 노이즈 항목과 거래오류영향을 발견하였다. 그러나 한국시장에서 거래오류나 노이즈가 일본시장보다 큼을 알 수 있었다. 두 시장에서 모두 오전개장과 오후개장을 다른 시점과 비교하면 주가의 과다반응을 추정 할 수 있으나 일본시 장의 경우는 한국시장에서 보다 미미하였다. 한국시장의 경우 오후종가가 영과 통계학적으로 크게 다르게 양의 수를 가지고 있음은 시장의 효율성에서 한국시장이 일본시장에 비해 떨어지고 시장 정보에 대하여 주가의 가격조정속도가 늦다고 추정할 수 있었고 이는 한국시장이 아직은 일본에 비해 가격제한폭이나 그밖에 거래제한 요소가 일본보다 크기 때문으로 추정된다. 한국시장에서는 주식수익률의 변동성은 노이즈거래가설(Noise trading hypothesis)이 더 설명력이 있다고 추정되고 일본의 경우 사적정보가설(Private information hypothesis)과 노이즈거래가설(Noise trading hypothesis) 둘 다 설명력이 있지만 전자가 더 우위일 가능성이 있었다. 결론적으로 위의 결과를 종합하면 거래메커니즘 차이가 주가의 행태에 크게 다르게 미친다고는 할 수 없고 단지 주가의 정보전달 속도 및 노이즈 그리고 시장의 효율성에 따라 주가행태에 어느 정도 차이를 일으킨다고 할 수 있었다.

• CHINESE LITERATURE
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• v.96
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• pp.1-18
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• 2018

悼亡诗是個用诗歌形式来悼念先亡夫妻的一種文学艺术样式。 中国悼亡诗有很悠久的来源, 先秦以前在《诗经》中已经出现了悼念死亡的诗歌, 其悼念的对象各不同。 但在汉代以前的诗歌中, 除了汉武帝的《秋风辞》, 《李夫人歌》, 《落叶哀蝉曲》以外, 难以找到类似悼亡诗的诗, 真正的悼亡诗可以说到西晋孙楚《除妇服诗》, 番岳《悼亡诗》3首以后才开始。 魏晋南北朝悼亡诗形式和叙述方式上的主要特點是, 一, 写出寂寞荒凉的居处和墓地。 二, 写出亡者的遗物。 三, 组诗的趋势。 这样敍述方式表明魏晋南北朝悼亡诗的对於汉代的繼承。 唐宋悼亡诗只不繼承前代的典型, 而再加上自己时代的固有特色。 一, 赞美亡妻的美貌和品德。 二, 写留下的子女。 三, 写梦境的方式。 明清时期悼亡诗在诗人和作品数量方面有了起飞的发展, 繼承了以前时期悼亡诗的典型, 只止於沿袭魏晋南北朝和唐宋时期传统, 在风格和敍述方式上没做出自己时代的固有特色。 这成为明清悼亡诗堕落了缺少真情的例行性悼念诗的主要原因。 明清时期悼亡诗的主要特點是, 一, 典型性和例行性的强化。 二, 没有写子女。 三, 女性悼亡诗人的增加和悼亡诗范围的扩大。

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.47-54
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• 2002

This study as performed to survey symmetrical and asymmetrical astigmatism among 1,100 patients(2,200eyes) who were prescribed with spectacles. Of the 2,200 eyes, 59.3%(1,305 eyes) had astigmatism. Among all patients, 21.4%(235 patients) had unilateral astigmatism, 48.6%(535 patients) had bilateral astigmatism. In 1,070 eyes(535 patients) with the bilateral astigmatism, the orientation of astigmatism were 61.2% for with-the-rule astigmatism, 24.7% for against-the-rule astigmatism and 14.1% for oblique astigmatism. On the astigmatic power, -0.25~-0.50D was 47.5%, -0.75~-1.00D was 29.9%. Symmetrical astigmatism was 83.4% of the bilateral astigmatism. Asymmetrical astigmatism was 16.6% of them. From 41 to 50 years of age, 45.4% of the age had symmetrical astigmatism, 14.3% had asymmetrical astigmatism. Types of the left and the right eye in symmetrical astigmatism consisted of with-the-rule astigmatism and with-the-rule astigmatism(65.5%), against-the-rule astigmatism and against-the-rule astigmatism(25.3%), oblique astigmatism and oblique astigmatism(5.6%), etc. In asymmetrical astigmatism, with-the-rule astigmatism and oblique astigmatism was 23.6%, oblique astigmatism and with-the-rule astigmatism was 20.2%. As the results of this study, most of spectacles wearers had bilateral astigmatism that was more than unilateral astigmatism. Symmetrical astigmatism was 5 times more than asymmetrical astigmatism with no sex differences. Especially, symmetrical and asymmetrical astigmatism were more in forties than in other age groups. Over the half of symmetrical astigmatism was with-the-rule astigmatism in the left eye and with-the-rule astigmatism in the right eye. These findings will be used in prescriptions for more comfortable vision.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2014

Red clay has been used for making rakuyaki for the past 400 years. Because the resources for red clay in Japan are being depleted, many potters in Japan began to develop new materials which can replace red clay. In this study, It is analyzed that the chemical and physical properties of red clay from Shigaraki (Shiga, Japan), and developed a novel engobe which can be used for making Rakuyaki instead of Shigaraki red clay. Results from Raman spectroscopic examination showed that ferric oxide content in Shigaraki red clay is 9.4 % (Goethite 5 %, Wustite 4.4 %), and that the mechanism of red color development by the firing at $900^{\circ}C$ for 10 min is the chemical transformation of Goethite into Hematite, and the subsequent formation of solid solution with Alumina and Silica. To make similar ferric oxide content to that of Shigaraki red clay, we added 5 g of Goethite and 9 g of Wustite to 100 g of White kaolin from Hadong area (Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea). The $L^*a^*b^*$ color scale of the mixture was 56.83, 27.22, and 23.28, respectively, and stable red color was successfully developed under the same firing condition used for Shigaraki red clay.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 1990

• The Korean Publising Journal, Monthly
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• s.352
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• pp.54-57
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• 2005