• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.161.2-162
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• 2003

감 장아찌 가공적성이 높은 떫은감품종을 선발키위해 연구한 결과 시험처리전 떫은감 과실특성으로 과중은 갑주백목, 상주둥시 품종이 무거웠고 당도는 고종시, 청도반시 품종이 높았다. 장아찌 경도는 침지후 14일까지 저하되었다가 그 이후 증가되었으며 품종별 증가되는 비율은 사곡시가 다소높았다. 장아찌염도는 침지후 14일까지는 많이 증가되었으나 그이후 염도변화는 적었으며 품종별로는 고종시가 가장 낮았다. 염장중 탈삽정도는 침지초기(14일후)에 대부분 품종들은 탈삽지수가 3이하로 떫은맛을 느낄수가 없었으며 떫은감 품종중 도근조생과 사곡시품종이 다른 품종에 비해 탈삽정도가 양호하였다. 떫은감 품종별 물성검사 결과 경도가 높은 품종은 도근조생과 고종시였고 낮은 품종은 월하시와 청도반시였다. Adhesiveness에서는 고종시와 청도반시에서 높았고 사곡시와 상주둥시에서 낮았다. Springiness에서는 대부분의 품종에서 비슷하였으나 청도반시와 사곡시 품종에서 다소 높았다. 고종시와 상주둥시 품종에서 Gumminess와 Chewiness가 높았다. 떫은감 품종별 관능검사결과 상주둥시, 월하시, 고종시, 도근조생, 사곡시등의 품종이 식미지수가 2.4이상으로 우수하였으나 상주둥시, 월하시, 고종시 등의 품종은 씨를 함유하기 때문에 장아찌 가공에 부적합하였고 도근조생, 사곡시등의 품종은 식미지수가 3.1, 3.0으로 우수할 뿐만 아니라 씨가 없어 장아찌가공에 적합한 품종이었다.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.41 no.3 s.114
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• pp.267-282
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• 2006

Korea officially appraises and publicizes three different values of the land and buildings for the same lot. The values are assessed by the Ministry of Construction and Transportation, the Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs, and National Tax Service. A fundamental problem of this appraisal system is that the values of land and buildings are separately assessed, even though they are bought and sold as a single entity in the real estate market. In order to solve this problem, an alternative real estate assessment system should be developed by the central government.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.25-25
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• 2015

본 논문의 목적은 전 세계적으로 기후변화로 인한 이상기후에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있으며 이로 인한 부정적 영향에 대한 우려가 증가되고 있다. 우리나라도 기후변화로 연평균 강수량이 1910년대 1,155mm에서 2000년대 1,375mm로 약 19% 증가했으며 21세기말에는 약 17%가 증가할 것으로 전망하고 있다. 정부간협의체(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC)에 따르면 미래에는 지구의 연평균기온은 2050년은 $2.3^{\circ}C$ 2100년엔 $4.8^{\circ}C$가 증가할 것이라고 전망하였고, 우리나라의 경우 2050년에 $3.2^{\circ}C$ 2100년에 $6^{\circ}C$가 증가할 것으로 전망하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 최근 지구적인 문제로 대두되어 온 기후변화 대해 재해취약성 분석을 통하여 효과적인 대응방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 연구대상의 지역은 강원도의 18개 시, 군 지자체로 하였으며 계산의 평가단위는 각 지자체를 하나의 집계구로 정하였다. 재해취약성 분석 지표로는 현재(2000년)와 미래(2020년, 2050년)로 나누어서 분석하였다. 분석 결과 2000년에는 영동지역과 원주시가 가장 취약하였으며, 2020년에는 속초와 강릉, 춘천시가, 2050년에는 강원도 중부지역이 가장 취약할 것으로 전망되었다.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.175-185
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• 2021

To better understand the heat wave phenomenon in the urban areas, it is desirable to explore the relationship between spatial allocation of land use and the heat wave. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ranking correlation between heat wave days and developed types, specifically, core and islet developments. The methods employed are morphological spatial pattern, spatial autocorrelation, and spearman ranking correlation analyses by using the 30-year annual heat wave day records forthe five metropolitans. This research indicates that a fragmented development pattern including islets has mostly negative effects to the urban heat wave phenomenon. It means there is a relation between development pattern and heat wave.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.21
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• pp.77-110
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• 2004

This study is an exploration of a Korean-American writer, Hong-Eun's Mong-yu siga. Hong-Eun immigrated to the United States during the colonial rule of the Japanese government. He was a publisher of The New Korea Times, and contributed various literary works to it. The purpose of this study is to analyze his two Mong-yu sigas published in 1935 and 1947 and elucidate their meanings. Using dream as a primary motif, the intention of Mong-yu mode is to achieve desire which is impossible to reach in reality. While his staying in the United States, Hong-Eun could not return his home country for two reasons, that is, political and financial ones. To return Korea desperately, he wrote sigas by adopting Mong-yu mode. His first attempt was reflected as eight pieces of consecutive poetries titled This Mountain In My Dream, I am Home. This Mountain was published on the 25th of April, 1935 and In My Dream, I am Home was contributed from May the 9th of 1935 to July the fourth of the same year. These works were published in the The New Korea Times' poetry column under the pen name of Donghae-soboo , Representing gasa of the enlightenment era, this poetry depicts historical identity of Chosun dynasty, especially focusing on before and after the 1900s. As a result of it, the poetry sketches the ideology of the Middle Ages. His second attempt was A Country and Hometown written as a form of prelude on the 25th of September, 1947. In addition, A Country in My Dream was published as a form of six pieces of consecutive poetry from October the second to November the sixth of 1947. He chose sijo as a major form of poetry, and the image of the poetry seemed to be the continuation of his first attempt. Confronting the reality of the his own country which is divided, the writer expresses his antagonism toward America and Russia. Although he could eventually return his country later, he rationalized himself by saying that his it is not the ideal place to go. Mong-yu mode is a traditional poetic technique which the intellectuals of the Middle Age used to use as one pattern of allegory. In addition to this, in the period of the enlightenment of Korea, Mong-yu was used to avoid the Japanese censorship and experiment on the diverse ways of writing. In terms of literary history, the significance of Hong-Eun's creation of Mong-yu sigas is that Hong-Eun shares the same intention with Korean intellectuals of the enlightenment period.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.329-338
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• 1992

This study was attempted aimed to prepare of Andong sikhe by pure culture inoculation and to improve storage stability by the addition of stabilizers to the product. Lactobacillus delbreuckii was selected for pure culture inoculation in the fermentation. The effect of stabilizers on the sedimentation, sensory evaluation and viscosity of Sikhe were investigated during the fermentation of traditional Andong Sikhe stored at $4^{\circ}C$ Morphological characteristics of Sikhe were determined by scanning electromicrograpy. Among the stabilizers added to the traditional Andong sikhe Na-alginate was found to be best stabilizers. When the product was evaluated by the sensory panel, the addition of stabilizers up to 0.1% level actually increased the acceptability of the product, while the concentration of more than 0.2% stabilizers affected the acceptability of the negatively. Sikhe added Na-carboxymethyl cellulose and Na-alginate showed highest viscosity on the 2nd day of fermentation, while homogenized Andong sikhe with Carrageenan showed the highest peak in viscosity on the first day of fermentation. Lactic acid bacterial count reached to $3.2{\times}10^8/ml$ after 20 days of storage. The surface and cross section of rice was observed by scanning electron microscope. As the fermentation proceeded holes on the surface increased, and nearly empty cell wall remained at the later stage of fermentation. Use of pure cultured inoculum of L. delbreuckii supported the rapid build up of the lactic acid bacteria and consequently the whole process of the fermentation was shortened. The acceptability and product quality were improved by use of L. delbreuckii inoculum.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.720-728
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• 2012

In general, nonpoint pollutant of a watershed is drained out in the form of storm water runoff during rainfall events. As the bulk of the nonpoint pollutant is in adsorbed form on particulate matters, in order to understand the behavior of nonpoint pollutant it is essential to grasp the characteristics of particulate matters in rainfall runoff. Though, previous studies for the relationship between the runoff characteristics of pollutants and the size distribution of particulate matters are very rare. In this study, a small non-urbanized area (basin area of 52.8 ha) with various landuse types including paddy, dry fields and forest was selected and investigated in detail for the runoff properties of each pollutant during several rainfall events. The correlation and effects between particulate matters and nonpoint pollutant were analyzed quantitatively. As a result, the significant first flush was observed on each event and it became clear that fine particulate matters ($80{\mu}m$ or less) has contributed in the runoff process of nutrients and heavy metals. Organic matters ($BOD_5$, TOC), nutrients (TN, TP) and several heavy metals (Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg and Zn) represented high correlations with SS (total), VSS, SS (d < $20{\mu}m$) and SS ($20{\mu}m$ $$\leq_-$$ d < $80{\mu}m$). On the other hand, $COD_{cr}$, Cd, Mn and Pb did not show clear correlations with the behavior of particulate matters. Therefore, we have to examine the introduction of nonpoint pollution mitigation facilities considering the facts that nonpoint pollutant runoff process has high correlation with the behavior of particulate matters and is changeable based on the target pollutants.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.18-27
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to understand the scale of temperature change following large-scale urban developments in paddy fields to present possible measures to preserve suburban area paddy fields and to lower the scale of temperature increase after developing paddy fields in urban areas. The study was conducted in Bupyeong and Bucheon of Incheon Metropolitan City. The satellite image($1989{\sim}2000$) before and after the development of old paddy fields were used to analyze the land surface temperature changes according to the land use types. Building coverage, green coverage, non-permeable pavement coverage, and floor area ratio(FAR) were selected as the factors that influence urban temperature changes and the temperature estimation model was constructed by using correlation and regression analyses. The before and after satellite images of Bupyeong and Bucheon were classified into forests, greens and plantations, paddy fields, unused lands, and urban areas. The results indicate that most of the paddy fields that existed in the center of Bupyeong and Bucheon were converted into unused lands which were undergoing construction to become new urban areas. The difference between the surface temperatures of May 17th, 1989 and May 7th, 2000 was analyzed to reveal that most land converted from paddy fields to unused lands or urban areas saw an increase in surface temperature. Han River was used as a comparison to analyze the average surface temperature changes($1989{\sim}2000$) in former paddy fields. The scale of temperature changes were: $+1.6697^{\circ}C$ in urban parks; $+2.5503^{\circ}C$ in residential zones; $+2.9479^{\circ}C$ on public lands, $+3.0385^{\circ}C$ in commercial zones, and $+3.1803^{\circ}C$ in educational zones. The correlation between building coverage, green coverage, non-permeable pavement coverage, or floor area ratio(FAR) and surface temperature increases was also analyzed. The green coverage to temperature increases, but building coverage, non-permeable pavement coverage, and floor area ratio(FAR) had no statistically significant temperature increases. The factors that influence urban temperature changes were set up as independent variables and the surface temperature changes as dependent variables to construct a surface temperature change model for the land use types of former paddy fields. As a result of regression analysis, green coverage was selected as the most significant independent variable. According to regression analysis, if farmland is converted into an urban area, a temperature increase of $+3.889^{\circ}C$ is anticipated with 0% green coverage. The temperature saw a decrease of $-0.43^{\circ}C$ with every 10% increase of green coverage.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.25
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• pp.175-209
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• 2006

This study focuses on Korean-American writer Hong-Eun$(1880{\sim}1951)'s$ American travel gasaes and sis who played an active role under the rule of Japanese imperialism. This study also investigates Hong-Eun's experience and expression on American travel and culture and discusses his changes in stream of consciousness. According to American travel sigaes which were published in the New Koren Times in 1936. 1937, and 1949, his consciousness can be summarized as follows. First travel siga depicts his inner conflict as a refugee who lost one's home country. That is to say. by observing Indians' losing identity and their miserable labor conditions, he developed his own critical eyes on American society. Eventually he missed his country desperately and sought for the ways of his returning there. Second travel sijo reveals his own agony about not be able to return his home country where he could Possibly visit. In other words, after suffering from his agony, it is evident that he started to take positive attitude towards American society and establish his own identity. Based upon Hong-Eun's changes in consciousness as a writer, the researcher hypothesizes that there exists Diaspora-Consciousness in his work. His consciousness is strongly related with his attitude towards his home country whether it Is positive or vice versa. When his home country declared her independence. his attitude towards immigrant society was positively changed, which was quite contradictory from his previous one. In this transition period, not only he accepted American ideology and life, but he re-conceptualized them as a Korean mode. In sum, Hong-Eun's mental traces lie on the core of hybrid and diaspora which Post-Colonial literature values highly of.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.166-177
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• 2010

This study is to identify potential factors to impact on appearance of wildbirds which live in the core forest around urban area in Gangdong-gu, Seoul. As a result of analysis of, studies on biotope showed most of urbanization biotope was biotope of residential areas with high green coverage and biotope of residential and business areas with low green coverage while most of biotope of green and openspace was core green biotope. The research area was divided into several blocks based on biotope types in the urbanization areas excluding green and openspace. As a result of research on wildbirds, total 51 species 3,419 individuals appeared in spring and total 35 species 4,213 individuals appeared in winter. 24 wild bird species were selected as subjects of this study among 31 species seen in urbanization areas, since urban birds, rapacious birds, waterside birds were excluded from the study for the proper consideration. Then this study looked at how many species and individuals of the subjects were observed at each research block in urbanization areas during spring and winter separately. Landuse structure and green structure in each block were examined to see whether these structures affect the number of wild birds observed in urbanization areas of Gangdong-gu. Furthermore, the distance between these blocks and green was assessed. While studying the potential links between the landuse structure and the number of wild birds observed in urbanization areas of Gangdong-gu, block area, green coverage, and building-to-land ratio were believed to affect the number of types and species of wild birds in the research area. In terms of correlation analysis of whether green structure affected the number of wild birds observed in urbanization areas of Gangdong-gu, crown volume of layers, the average green patch area, the average height of canopy layer were found to have an impact not only on the number of types but also species of wild birds in the research area.