• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.35
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• pp.101-133
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• 2009

Shi Zhen Wang has established his own comprehensive poetics; diachronically, he integrated the main theories on poetry from Wei and Jin to Ming and synchronically the major themes and concerns including 'pure and far-off', 'strong and firm', 'Adoration of Tang', 'Adoration of Song', 'gentle and mild', 'manly and broad minded', 'Nothern Song Ci' and 'Southern Song Ci', etc. The constant goal he sought in this integration process was to represent the intrinsic value of the literary on the basis of the absolute and objective standard without leaning toward a certain value. The standards and values, which are originated from the theory of Shenyun, are founded, more exactly, on 'to reach to it with no written word', 'the meaning outside of the meaning', 'intuitional feeling', 'the nature', 'elegance and righteousness', etc. Because of this, he was able to find good points from each work without prejudice and have full use of his critical talents with objective attitude.

• Art History and Visual Culture
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• no.22
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• pp.254-279
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• 2018

This essay traces the origin and the social function of medieval knights in Edwin Austin Abbey's murals ${\ll}$The Quest of the Holy Grail${\gg}$ in the Boston Public Library. Medieval knights in the Arthurian legend appeared in American novels at the end of 1850s and in political cartoons in the 1870s. They are featured in American Renaissance murals as well. ${\ll}$The Quest of the Holy Grail${\gg}$ painted in 1895 was the first of its kind. In Britain, the Pre-Raphaelites frequently painted medieval knights. Abbey fused the visual idiom of the Pre-Raphaelites and that of the Royal Academy of Arts in his depiction of knights. Unlike the Pre-Raphaelites, who usually focused on knights' activities, he emphasized their virtue. His representation of knights reflect the social and economic crises in America in the 1890s. After the Civil War, American society enjoyed economic prosperity but suffered from government corruption, economic inequality, and class conflict. Serious social problems such as poverty and inequality decayed American society. Writers and artists brought attention to these issues. This essay argues that Abbey criticized capitalists and expressed his hope for progress through the figure of Galahad as the iconic representation of civic virtue in ${\ll}$The Quest of the Holy Grail${\gg}$. Installed in the Boston Public Library, Abbey's murals performed a public function to warn the viewers of economic and social chaos resulting from government corruption. Abbey's American knights not only emphasized moral responsibility but also promoted patriotism. The artist refashioned medieval knights into American citizens, whose civic virtue became essential to an ideal leader in American society.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.67
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• pp.259-295
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• 2017

The purpose of this article is to understand Ahn Hwak(1886~1946)'s perception of national history through "History of Joseon Literature" and "History of Joseon Civilization". He presented the 'cultural history' of Joseon from a modern point of view, by exploring the mental and emotional aspects of the Korean people ingrained in the literary works from the various historical periods. He also reconstructed the national history from Gojoseon era to Joseon dynasty as a continuous 'political history'. For him, a nation was not merely a cultural community, but also a political community. His thought was that while 'culture' and 'politics' are dualistic, they should also be viewed as the two sides of the same coin. In "History of Joseon Literature", Ahn emphasized the mental 'Awakening(自覺)' of the nation. 'Awakening' is a process of universal progress in which the mind pursues freedom by freeing itself from the material bondage. In "History of Joseon Civilization", he finds history of 'Autonomy(自治)' as the characteristics of Joseon's 'history of politics'. He believes that Joseon was able evolve into 'self-aware and voluntary civilization' because of the tradition of 'Autonomy', a political system of reflecting and gathering of the will of the people. Through his two books, Ahn Hwak underlines the idea that the national history of Joseon was a history of 'Awakening', from a cultural perspective, and a history of 'Autonomy', from a political point of view. To him, 'Awakening' was a concept focused on the universality of the mind, while 'Autonomy' was a concept that emphasized the uniqueness of a nation. In sum, Ahn Hwak, through his works, tried to combine cultural universality and political identity.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.73
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• pp.415-444
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• 2018

This study was designed to analyze the delivery patterns of early(1900-1945) letters from the beginning of the postal service in order to examine the process of establishing the modern postal system after the constitution of the Postal Service(1884). In Chapter 2, we examined the 'change of the way letters are delivered', Chapter 3 is about the 'change of expression' and Chapter 4 is about 'double-faced of the post'. In the examination of aspects of changing the way letters were delivered, the phase of postal delivery by personal delivery to postal delivery were divided into three phases: [the period of personal delivery delivery] > [the coexistence period of personal delivery and postal deliveryy] > [the period of postal delivery]. In particular, it was interesting to see that the same sender and receiver mixed up postal delivery and personal delivery by the case in the second period. In addition, the functional differences between the express, telegram and particular post were found in the examination fo contents of the letter. In the examination of aspects of changing in expression, a change of common expression in 'greeting, ending, and receiving expressions' were confirmed. Also, it was confirmed that 'woo-pyeon' was not used as the basic term, but instead replaced with various terms, and that 'woo' was used independently and productively. In the double-faced aspects of post, there were disadvantages of the postal delivery such as 'discontent of the lost' and 'security of confidentiality', despite the advantages of 'economic, rapid, and long-distance delivery'. Because the disadvantage of postal delivery could be supplemented by personal delivery, postal delivery and personal delivery could coexist for a considerable period of time.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.29-39
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• 2021

This study interpreted a traditional garden of Korea through reception aesthetics. The 'gap' of acceptable aesthetics is found in the 'distance that occurs between writers and readers'. This study aims to interpret this gap between what the writer intends and what the reader expects. Boundaries do not limit traditional spaces in Korea and, therefore, are not limited by characteristics. These characteristics were studied from the perspectives of the author, the work, and the reader. The aspect first looked at the life and ideas of the gardener, the second analyzed the form and structure of the garden, and the last examined writings, from the past and present, of those who appreciated the garden. From the author's perspective, Sosoewon was understood as a garden that embodied the philosophy of Yang Sanbo. Second, the duality and indeterminateness were recognized as two characteristics of this work; artifacts in the garden were arranged in a natural form, and the gardens have indefinite boundaries, so they can be freely expanded and reduced. Finally, from the reader's perspective, it was noted that the beauty of this garden is enhanced through poetry, painting, and writing. Thus, historic gardens of Korea can be open spaces where the meaning of the garden is enriched through the free participation of viewers based on their own ideas.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

This paper is a purpose to study and analyze the engine starting failure examples for LPG car. The first example, the researcher verified the phenomenon that didn't supply the fuel because of filter clogging by fine alien substance in the gas valve line when he inspected the emergency cutting valve. The second example, there was no the influence of gas leakage when the solenoid operated at first. But the damage part of solenoid assemblying face wad downed a durability according to running a valve. Eventually, the researcher checked on the phenomenon of engine stopping by no gas feeding in solenoid because of leaking of gas. The third example, the researcher sought that the wiring sheaths of connector fin between EGR 10A fuse and LPG switch verified the burn-out phenomenon due to the bad contacting as tension damage produced the overheating. Therefore, the manager of a car has to do pre-inspection no producing electric failure and he must maintain his car with optimum condition.

• Journal of the International Relations & Interdisciplinary Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

This study is a study on the applicability of the medical humanities curriculum through a narrative study on international treatment of foreign patients. Korea's medical system and standards are world-class, and it can be seen that the knowledge and skills for patient care are sufficient, which shows that the competence for patient care emphasized by Korean doctors is sufficient. In terms of social responsibility for doctors in Korea, the importance of volunteering is learned from medical school education, and through medical field experiences in various cultures, it can be seen that volunteering is important to lead to lifelong work as a doctor. In the field of professionalism, professionalism could be expressed as a doctor, and in all processes, the medical staff understood and empathized with the pain of the patient, and it was found that the sincerity was conveyed to the patient. Professionalism is an area that is being emphasized more recently, and it is necessary to provide educational opportunities for professionalism to doctors as well as medical school education. This international medical experience can be applied to the medical humanities curriculum of the medical school, and a harmonized and integrated medical humanities curriculum can be operated throughout the six-year curriculum.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.87-110
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• 2022

This study was conducted based on the need to establish an operational plan following the establishment of the Okcheon-gun Daily Life Culture and Sports Center Library, and for the users of public libraries in Okcheon-gun, the functions and roles of the Okcheon-gun Library, collection related to operational direction, user service related activation, library usage related status survey, preference for the future use and perception of desired services were surveyed. Based on the results of the perception survey, the direction required by the Okcheon-gun residents for the Library was identified, and the research results are as follows. As a result of the study, first, when establishing a collection plan, the data types ought to be based on the printed materials and the multi-media materials to reflect the needs of the users, and it may also be necessary to collect them in consideration of the subject areas including literature, art, history, and technical sciences. Second, to provide various information services, it would be necessary to establish an overall information service plan, and it was identified that it would be necessary to develop various information services according to the user preferences and provide cooperative services. Third, it was determined that the programs appropriate for the various subjects and age groups should be continuously expanded moving forward in consideration of the larges demand for programs by the residents of Okcheon-gun. Fourth, new constructions and spatial improvements are needed, and the overall preference for open spaces was significant. In the case of cultural space, the preference for youth cultural facilities, convenience facilities for residents, infinite loss of imagination, and the (experiential) exhibition halls turned out to be large.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.51-67
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to diagnose the current status of alternative materials in Korea and to suggest directions and goals for the development of alternative materials. The comprehensive list of national alternative materials and the list of popular and new books were analyzed using the collection evaluation method. Results first the percentage of alternative material collections based on the popular book list for 10 years is 90.1%. The production rate of alternative materials is low in the subjects of 'Language', 'Art' and 'Technology and Science'. Most of the service formats were 'text only daisy'. Second, the CCHR(Common Collection Holding Ratio) and CUI(Collection Uniqueness index) of alternative materials were analyzed using the union catalog. Libraries with a large volume of books have a high proportion of CCHR and CUI. Topics with the highest CCHR are 'Literature' and 'Social Science'. The subjects with the highest collection uniqueness index are 'religion', 'art', and 'language'. Third, the replacement ratio of new books for 3 years is 5.09%. During the same period, the average book purchase rate of public libraries was 8.83%. The average book purchase rate in public libraries is 8.83%, and it is necessary to increase the collection rate of alternative materials based on this ratio.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.25-52
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• 2019

Esperpento denotes a literary style in Spanish literature first established by Spanish author Ramón María del Valle Inclán that uses distorted descriptions of reality in order to criticize society. And esperpento's narrative strategy is similar in many ways to Mikhail Bakhtin's carnivalism. Especially Valle Inclán's first esperpentic theatre, Luces de Bohemia contained various carnivalistic elements of Bakhtin. The various techniques of Valle Inclán's esperpento used in Luces de Bohemia can be explained by Bachchin's carnivalist techniques. Therefore, this paper aims to re-examine the esperpentic techniques in Luces de Bohemia of Valle Inclán in terms of Bakhchin's carnivalism. Because the esperpentic tecniques of this play pursue the subversion of power or authority through the carnivalistic aspects such as polyphony, subversion of seriousness, parody, grotesque realism, plaza, ambivalence, anomalous structure of space, time and plot, etc. Esperpento and carnivalism serve as a tool to interpret the social reality, beyond criticism and satire of Spanish society. The characters act passively on all the external factors that determine human destiny, rather than actively carving their own destiny like the classic heroes. Modern man cannot defy or control the external situation of the modern civilization. So they are tragic. In this situation, the protagonist of the tragedy who challenges reality disappears and a puppet figure like Max Estrella, the protagonist of the Luces de Bohemia, takes his place on a satirical level. This is the satire and the true meaning of carnivalistic humor that Valle Inclán tried in his play.