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Early Imaging Findings of Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy Mimicking Bone Metastasis from Extrathoracic Malignancy (뼈 전이로 오인될 수 있는 흉강 외 악성 종양으로 인한 비대성 골관절증의 초기 영상 소견)

  • Ji Yeon Hwang;Jang Gyu Cha;Yu Sung Yoon;Ahrim Moon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.82 no.6
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    • pp.1606-1612
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    • 2021
  • Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) is a syndrome characterized by digital clubbing, periosteal bone formation, and synovial effusions. Secondary HOA is associated with intrathoracic malignancy in most cases; however, in rare cases, HOA can be caused by extrathoracic conditions. We report early ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and bone scintigraphy findings of HOA in a patient with breast cancer. Its ambiguous clinical and imaging findings that mimicked malignant conditions are particularly interesting and informative.

Effects of Citizenship and Sociality on Morality of Mongolian University Students (몽골 대학생의 시민성과 사회성이 도덕성에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim Jin;Cha Nam Hyun
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.489-495
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    • 2024
  • This study identifies the factors affecting the morality of university students in Mongolia. A cross-sectional study was used. The participants include 200 university students from 1 March 2020 to 30. A self- report question through Google survey was done. Religion was the variable that showed a significant difference in citizenship, sociality, and morality of the participants, and there was a positive correlation between citizenship and morality in society. The factors affecting morality were sociality(β=.45, p<.001) and citizenship(β =.39, p<.001), and the explanatory power was 57.1%(F=.571, p<.001).

Factors Influencing to the Cultural Competence of Nursing Students (간호대학생의 문화적 역량 영향 요인)

  • In-Hee Choi
    • Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.179-186
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    • 2022
  • This study was conducted to identify factors that affect nursing students' cultural competency and to contribute to the development of a cultural competency strengthening program. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 19.0 from 470 subjects. There was a significant positive correlation between cultural competence and self-efficacy(r=.230, p=.000). The significant factors influencing cultural competence of nursing students were multicultural experience through mass media, self-efficacy, fluentness of foreign language. This study suggest that It need to develop multicultural education using strategy improving self-efficacy for nursing students.

The Idea of Mercantilism and Commercial War in late Qing Dynasty from the Perspective of the Industrial Revolution (산업혁명의 맥락에서 본 청말(淸末)의 중상론(重商論)과 상전론(商戰論))

  • 이화진
    • CHINESE LITERATURE
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    • v.101
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    • pp.101-118
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    • 2019
  • This study reviewed the idea of mercantilism and commercial war which developed around "newly rising class" like translators, diplomats and compradors of late Qing Dynasty, by which new recognition of social classes was demanded. In particular, this study newly identified the meaning of commercial war and new social order of last Qing dynasty, by attempting an analysis based on the context and aspect in the process of globalization of industrial capitalism conducted under the influence of the first industrial revolution from the U.K. Therefore, in the history of modern Chinese intelligence, the theory of mercantilism and commercial war can not be limited to the transitional thinking system of "Yang-Wu(洋務)" and "Bian-Fa(變法)".

Semantic Interpretation of the Name "Cheomseongdae" (첨성대 이름의 의미 해석)

  • Chang, Hwalsik
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.53 no.4
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    • pp.2-31
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    • 2020
  • CheomSeongDae (瞻星臺) is a stone structure built in Gyeongju, the former Silla Dynasty capital, during the reign of Queen Seondeok (632~647AD). There exist dozens of hypotheses regarding its original purpose. Depending on to whom you ask, the answer could be a celestial observatory, a religious altar, a Buddhist stupa, a monumental tower symbolizing scientific knowledge, and so on. The most common perception of the structure among lay people is a stargazing tower. Historians, however, have suggested that it was intended as "a gateway to the heavens", specifically the Trāyastriṃśa or the second of the six heavens of Kāmadhātu located on the top of Mountain Sumeru. The name "Cheom-seong-dae" could be interpreted in many different ways. 'Cheom (瞻)' could refer to looking up, staring, or admiring, etc.; 'Seong (星)' could mean a star, heaven, night, etc.; and 'heaven' in that context can be a physical or religious reference. 'Dae (臺)' usually refers to a high platform on which people stand or things are placed. Researchers from the science fields often read 'cheom-seong' as 'looking at stars'; while historians read it as 'admiring the Trāyastriṃśa' or 'adoring Śakra'. Śakra is said to be the ruler of Trāyastriṃśa' who governs the Four Heavenly Kings in the Cāturmahārājika heaven, the first of the six heavens of Kāmadhātu. Śakra is the highest authority of the heavenly kings in direct contact with humankind. This paper examined the usages of 'cheom-seong' in Chinese literature dated prior to the publication of 『Samguk Yusa』, a late 13th century Korean Buddhist historical book that contains the oldest record of the structure among all extant historical texts. I found the oldest usage of cheom-seong (瞻星臺) in 『Ekottara Āgama』, a Buddhist script translated into Chinese in the late 4th century, and was surprised to learn that its meaning was 'looking up at the brightness left by Śakra'. I also found that 'cheom-seong' had been incorporated in various religious contexts, such as Hinduism, Confucianism, Buddhist, Christianism, and Taoism. In Buddhism, there was good, bad, and neutral cheom-seong. Good cheom-seong meant to look up to heaven in the practice of asceticism, reading the heavenly god's intentions, and achieving the mindfulness of Buddhism. Bad cheom-seong included all astrological fortunetelling activities performed outside the boundaries of Buddhism. Neutral cheom-seong is secular. It may help people to understand the nature of the physical world, but was considered to have little meaning unless relating to the spiritual world of Buddhism. Cheom-seong had been performed repetitively in the processes of constructing Buddhist temples in China. According to Buddhist scripts, Queen Māyā of Sakya, the birth mother of Gautama Buddha, died seven days after the birth of Buddha, and was reborn in the Trāyastriṃśa heaven. Buddha, before reaching nirvana, ascended from Jetavana to Trāyastriṃśa and spent three months together with his mother. Gautama Buddha then returned to the human world, stepping upon the stairs built by Viśvakarman, the deity of the creative power in Trāyastriṃśa. In later years, King Asoka built a stupa at the site where Buddha descended. Since then, people have believed that the stairway to the heavens appears at a Buddhist stupa. Carefully examining the paragraphic structure of 『Samguk Yusa』's records on Cheomseongdae, plus other historical records, the fact that the alignment between the tomb of Queen Seondeok and Cheomseongdae perfectly matches the sunrise direction at the winter solstice supports this paper's position that Chemseongdae, built in the early years of Queen SeonDeok's reign (632~647AD), was a gateway to the Trāyastriṃśa heaven, just like the stupa at the Daci Temple (慈恩寺) in China built in 654. The meaning of 'Cheom-seong-dae' thus turns out to be 'adoring Trāyastriṃśa stupa', not 'stargazing platform'.

A Study on the Meaning of 'Gyoun' and Earlier Variations of Chapter One of 'Gyoun' in The Canonical Scripture (『전경(典經)』 「교운(敎運)」편 1장에 나타난 교운의 의미와 구절의 변이 연구)

  • Ko, Nam-sik
    • Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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    • v.36
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    • pp.153-199
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    • 2020
  • The teachings of Sangje teachings have been spread to humanity and were provided as basis for building the earthly paradise due to His having performed the Reordering Works of the Universe (Cheonjigongsa) for nine years. The work that remains will be completed year by year following the cosmic program that Sangje set for the universe. The chapters titled 'Gyoun (Progress of the Order)' in Jeon-gyeong (The Canonical Scripture) can be summarized into three parts: Viewing Gyoun, Spreading Gyoun, and Establishing the firm ground of Gyoun. Viewing Gyoun is seeing how the teachings would be transmitted from the beginning to end. The work of Gyoun was established by Sangje and promoted as the teachings of Sangje which will ultimately unfold into the realization of an earthly paradise. Spreading Gyoun is performed by disciples who received the teachings from Sangje and then the successor to whom Sangje transmitted the religious authority. Since chapter two of Gyoun is about the hagiography of Doju Jo Jeongsan, it is shown that Doju unfolded and developed Sangje's teachings. Establishing the firm ground of Gyoun is carried out to enable practitioners to understand that Dotong-gunja ('Dao-Empowered Sages,' Earthly Immortals) will be produced as a result of Sangje's Reordering Works of Heaven and Earth and that humans can perfect themselves through cultivating the Dao. In conclusion, Gyoun can be summarized as a process that started during Doju Jo Jeongsan's 50 years (1909~1958) of holy works and spreading of the teachings. Next, it was continued through the time of Dojeon who was bestowed with religious authority through Doju's last words. Dojeon, like Doju before him, spread the teachings. In later times, there will be Dotong-gunjas who transmit Sangje's teachings to the whole world. Although the above characterizations are accurate, I compared some verses from Chapter 1 of Progress of the Order (Gyoun) in The Canonical Scripture (Jeon-gyeong) of Daesoon Jinrihoe to the 6 th edition (1965) of Daesoon Jeongyeong, a key scripture from the earliest strata of Jeungsanist scriptures, and found that there were a few earlier variations of the same content. The use of words and sentences were different though in several of these verses. Also, some of the verses indicated alternative historical dates (years), and some of the verses from Chapter 1 of Progress of the Order from The Canonical Scripture do not appear anywhere in the 6th edition of Daesoon Jeong-gyeong.

A Study on the Design and Implementation of the private u-Terminal for the new ITS Service (신규 ITS 서비스를 위한 전용 u-단말기 설계 및 구현에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Joeng-Hoon;Kim, Su-Sun
    • 한국ITS학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.11a
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    • pp.519-524
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    • 2008
  • In this paper, we mainly describe the development of exclusive u-device essentially required to implement new ITS services (taxi call service, service for transportation vulnerable, transport information service, walker's navigator, electronic payment service, call information service etc.). To design this device, Samsung main CPU S3C2440A was selected and large memories (ROM and RAM) which are required for new ITS services are applied. In addition, all of GPS, RFID module, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth functions are included to develop an exclusive device indispensable in the ubiquitous society. For this, in this paper, we first examined detailed design of an exclusive u-device development, and based on the designed contents, the performance of a realized u-device was evaluated. If services are created by linking new ITS services with relevant public institutions or companies, based on application of the exclusive u-device developed as above, they would be expanded to a new blue ocean, expectedly resulting in a big spillover effect in local societies.

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Network Structure and Analysis on the Meaning of Probability.Statistics in the High School Mathematics Curriculum (고등학교 수학과 교육과정 중 확률.통계에 나타난 의미의 연결망 구조와 분석)

  • Choi, Kyoung-Ho
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.245-254
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    • 2008
  • According to the $7^{th}$ reform of high school education curriculum, contents on probability and statistics in mathematics of high school curriculum have been expanded compared to the previous curriculum. Thus if the curriculum contains the contents to achieve the goals for probability and statistics, more efficient education on statistics is expected to meet the needs of information age. In this thesis, we studied through network analysis if contents on probability and statistics in mathematics of high school curriculum are composed to achieve the goals. We reviewed contents on probability and statistics in mathematics of the $7^{th}$ reform of high school curriculum whether they are conformed the purpose and direction of the reform or not. As a result, the concept of probability distribution and statistical estimation with a random variable was described clearly. But, census and sample survey were not connected with other items. In a part, there were expressional mistakes.

Short-Time Production Scheduling and Parts Routing for Flexible Assembly Lines (유연한 조립 시스템의 단기 생산 스케듈링과 라우팅에 관한 연구)

  • Sin, Ok-Geun
    • The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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    • v.2 no.6
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    • pp.823-830
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    • 1995
  • A reactive piloting policy for Flexible Assembly Lines (FAL) is proposed, where the sequencing of the operations as well as the assignment of tasks to manipulators are not predetermined but driven by the actual state of the FAL For all work-in-process coming from a manipulator, the next destination is determined by minimizing a temporal criterion taking into account the time needed to reach the destination, the load of the manipulator to reach, the durati on of the operation to be completed in the destination manipulator, and the availability of product components in this manipulator. The purpose of proposed piloting policy is to manufacture a given quantity of products as rapidly as possible by balancing the amount of work allocated to manipulators and to reduce the efforts required for scheduling the production of short series of diversified products. After introducing the characteristics of assembly processes and FAL modelization, the proposed algorithm is evaluated by simulations. The simulations of the proposed algorithm showed satisfactory results.

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Design and Implementation of Seamless Interface Providing Persistence to C++ Object (C++ 객체 영속성 부여를 위한 이음새 없는 인터페이스의 설계 및 구현)

  • Lee, Mi-Young;Kim, Myung-Joon
    • Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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    • v.6 no.5
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    • pp.468-476
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    • 2000
  • Binding the object-oriented programming language C++ with a database management system provides a persistency to C++ programming objects so that objects can persist after program termina~,on. In such a binding system, we can manage a persistent object same as that we use a transient object and also use database management facilities such as transaction management and concurrency control. This paper presents a method providing the persistency to C++ programming objects in the binding system. We propose an improved interface based on C++ binding of ODMG-97 and present the design and implementation technique of it. The proposed interface provides a seamless interface for creating objects of the persistent capable class. We can create a persistent object without its class name as we do not give a class name when creating a transient object. Also, we guarantee the type compatibilty between the obiect created in database and the obiect created in main memory.

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