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Narrative changes and implications revealed in the formation process of (<토끼전>의 형성 과정에 드러난 서사적 변화와 의미 연구)

  • Hwang, Yun-jeong
    • Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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    • no.37
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    • pp.217-252
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    • 2018
  • In the [Samguk sagi], is the origin story of , a Pansori novel from the late Joseon period. is derived from an Indian folktale. This article examines the narrative changes from the Indian folktale. Through this, I attempt to examine how the short fable developed into a fascinating story with numerous variants like . The five kinds of stories that I have observed all indicate the development of a common narrative. They also have a common character: terrestrial animals, deputy, and aquatic animals. However, in the original story, the more the character is brought up, the greater the persuasiveness of the action. In addition, the scale of the conflict expands due to the reorganization of the incident. Moreover, the theme of the narrative has diversified by utilizing the space as a contrast. Discussions reveal that a single story or storyteller does not create a fascinating story. The implication being that several narratives and numerous people together make the narrative changes.

The Layers of Conflicts and the Methods of Presenting Conflicts in Gyechugilgi (<계축일기>에 나타난 갈등의 층위와 제시 방식)

  • Lee, Seung-bok
    • Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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    • no.34
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    • pp.193-222
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    • 2017
  • This paper investigates the layers of conflicts and the methods of presenting conflicts in Gyechugilgi written by court ladies in the middle of the Choseon Dynasty. The authors deal with court ladies' conflicts and trials with great seriousness. This means that they did not regard these struggles as problems derived from conflicts between King Kwanghae and Queen dowager Inmok. Gyechugilgi represents conflicts by quoting conversations, showing characters meditating conflicts, and describing episodes. Consequently the authors recognized the conflicts in this text as human problems that result from personal desires rather than political problems, and the literary characteristics of this text can be found in this point. This study ascertains the characteristics of Gyechugilgi from various viewpoints.

A study on the historical trauma in Antonio Munoz Moliña's Beltenebros (안토니오 무뇨스 몰리나의 『어둠의 왕자』와 역사적 트라우마)

  • Kim, Chan-kee
    • Cross-Cultural Studies
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    • v.26
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    • pp.445-463
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    • 2012
  • Beltenebros is Antonio Mu?oz Molina's third novel. Its plot originates in a criminal act. Darman, the main character, arrives in Madrid to kill a traitor of the undercover organization to which he himself belongs. Treason is paid with death and Darman is in charge of the executions. The intricate story of espionage and intrigue is absorbing. Unlike other novels of the genre, in Beltenebros we can witness a unique psychological development of the main character. In his fiftieth anniversary, Darman becomes conscious of the painful and devastating effects of his criminal acts on the lives of the people he has crossed paths with. Then, for the first time, he acts like a Romanesque heroe by killing Valdivia-Ugarte, a deceitful mole who has been manipulating the strings of the plot to his own benefit. The story unfolds along an almost uniform progression of chronological time, only interrupted by random memories of a past that twenty years ago destroyed Walter's life, and in which Darman and the rest of the characters are all implicated. Few references to the Spanish Civil War inserted in the discourse are, however, of paramount importance as the depiction of a historical trauma, as a triggering force for the episodes of the novel, or as justification to Darman'scrimes as well as those of the clandestine Comunist Party. Indeed they were the victims of the conflict and the winners inflicted upon them hatred, repression, treason and disloyalty. As in other Mu?oz Molina's novels, the literary space, in this case Madrid, propels the development of the plot, and plays a protagonist role only equal to that of the main characters. It is in Madrid where Darman lives until he becomes prisoner of the enemy army, or where the symmetrical deaths of Walter and Andrade take place. Other spaces inhabit Madrid: the Universal Cinema, symbolic territory of the secret and hidden, where the story, as well as the relationships of the characters start and end the warehouse; or the Bo?te Tab? the nightclub that frequents Valdivia-Ugarte through secret passages connected with the Universal Cinema.

Utilizing Literary Texts in the College EFL Classrooms: Focused on Linguistic Aspects and Affective Ones (문학텍스트를 활용한 대학 교양영어 수업: 의사소통의 언어적 측면과 정서적 측면을 중심으로)

  • Kim, Young-Hee
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.145-152
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    • 2018
  • This study aims to investigate the effects of literary texts as a teaching tool to enhance college students' English communicative competence both in linguistic aspects and affective ones. The control group used only the course book as study material, whereas the target group read four short stories along with it and engaged in a series of follow-up tasks. To measure their English competence, the researcher had both groups take a pre-test and a post-test, compared the results, and analyzed the data using SPSS. The study indicates that though the target students' post-test scores increased, the result failed in reaching a significant level. Nevertheless, reading and discussing literature facilitated the target students' affective aspects of communication. This article points out some other limitations of utilizing literary texts in language teaching and suggests the need for further research to deal with the issues.

A Study on the Chronotope of Mobile Game (모바일 게임의 크로노토프 연구)

  • Lee, Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Computer Game
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.29-36
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this paper is to examine the temporal and spatial characteristics of mobile games through Mikhail Bakhtin's chronotope concept in order to examine the changes of mobile games and gaming. Based on chronotope, a concept that refers to the inner relation between time and space reproduced in the novel, I examined the inner relation between the space - time experience in the mobile game platform and the reconstruction of the mobile game text. The mobile game builds the present-here world based on the player's will while superimposing the act of playing through the mixed platform of existence based on the player with the time and space of everyday life. The chronotope of a mobile game with players as platforms is created in the current space of now-here rather than connecting to the virtual world. In this paper, I review the role of chronotope reproduction in mobile games, focusing on role-playing games and location based games. In the mobile role-playing game, an unhistorical chronotope appears in which the player has a loose sense of distance around the automatic combat system, while the narrative and relational experience is weakened. In a location-based game, a chronotope of player-driven generation that generates amusing meanings through the overlap of the virtual world and the real world appears.

The Politics of Eros in Louise Erdrich's Love Medicine : Focusing on Lulu and Marie (루이스 어드릭의 『사랑의 묘약』에 나타나는 에로스의 정치성: 룰루와 마리를 중심으로)

  • Jeong, Jin Man
    • Cross-Cultural Studies
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    • v.51
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    • pp.45-71
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    • 2018
  • This essay explores Louise Erdrich's politically resistant voice which interrogates and disrupts the long-lasting, pernicious misbelief about Native Americans as 'vanishing people'. This essay chiefly focuses on the two female characters-Lulu Nanapush and Marie Lazarre Kashpaw-in the author's widely acclaimed novel Love Medicine (1993). First, illustrating the Chippewas' multifaceted resistances against white Americans' colonialist dominance disclosed in their enforcement of governmental policy, law, religion, and culture, this essay investigates how Erdrich does not stop telling her story that the idea of 'vanishing people'-another version of 'Manifest Destiny'-is unfounded. Second, by referring to Freud's and Marcuse's speculation on 'Eros'-the great unifying energy that preserves all life-as an alternative to the predicament caused by an oppressive civilization, this essay illuminates Erdrich's vision of sustaining and regenerating the Chippewas' tribal life and heritage that center on the embracing power of love reified in Lulu and Marie. Their undying energy consolidating their communal love and ties, despite the destructive, oppressive colonialist milieu inflicted on the Chippewa Indian reservation, sheds light on the author's politics of 'Eros' predicated tightly upon her historical consciousness.

The influence of Hollywood Movies and Marsé's novels - Based on Caligrafía de los sueños (2011) (마르세의 소설과 할리우드 영화의 영향 - Caligrafía de los sueños(2011)를 중심으로)

  • Kim, Kwanghee
    • Cross-Cultural Studies
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    • v.34
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    • pp.201-236
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    • 2014
  • Juan $Mars{\acute{e}}$ was born in 1933 in Barcelona. Being the son of a City cleaner, he was able to watch, from a very early age, all the films he desired, as many times as he wished. This privilege meant a great help in future years, when having to develop the plots and characters of his works. In his last (latest) novel, Caligrafía de los $sue{\tilde{n}}os$, published in 2011, as he has done in his previous works he uses a cinematographic frame again. The explicit references to Hollywood's Golden Age -such as John Ford's Stagecoach and Cecil B. DeMiller's The Plainsman- bring very specific and vivid images to the reader's mind, leading to clear physical and psychological associations. The aim is achieved: the reader's attention is caught immediately. However, characters, plot and cinematographic structures are actually distracting mirages. They make the reader expect a predictable ending which, in fact, will be very different. Therefore, the surprised reader must step back, in order to approach the main topics of the novel from a certain distance. Doing so, he's following the Theory of the Distancing Effect. He becomes aware of the need of a new perspective on social problems that he had considered as familiar justo a few moments before. Thus, he is getting prepared for a more objective interpretation, such as the futility of war and the ideological differences that led to the (Spanich) Civil War and all its devastationg effects.

A Symbolic Sense of Transvestism in the Renaissance Novels (르네상스 소설에서의 복장전도가 갖는 상징적 의미)

  • Lim, Juin
    • Cross-Cultural Studies
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    • v.19
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    • pp.149-179
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    • 2010
  • This article is concerned about the symbolic meaning of the transvestism Renaissance perspective through analysis of Triumph Over Persecution work and The Merchant of Venice, and Jealous Ioan Tornese. The transvestism is frequently present in the comedies of the golden age. A woman author Maria de Zayas has a special interest in female identity with critical and defying view. Also the subject of the transvestism in Spanish literature originated in Italian tradition. In Italian literature, there were two types of disguised women, who urge for love and warrior-heroine(amazon). Both types are also listed in Spanish literature. The dress-crossing heroine of Triumph Over Persecution displays a type of heroine, who corrects a male prejudice and reset a harmonious order. Shakespeare is also one of the Renaissance writers under the influence of the Italian Renaissance novel. Heroine of Merchant of Venice symbolizes a triumphant challenge against the blocks of the patriarchal system. In spite of the social system blocks, cross-dressing women may receive in the patriarchal scenes without problems. Based on the notion of paradox and irony, the Italian novel reflects popular psychology of the time when the link between the internal identity and social outside puts into question. The cross-dressing Torneses' wife, symbolizes the mockery or renaissance deception. Their deception emphasis on an ironic way in the point view of inhuman man who consider women material belongs to the man without any free-will. The costume of the characters make it possible to change their original identity into the other. From this point of view, we can say that the transvestism in these works could be interpreted in two ways: first, the destruction of the traditional categories of women's identity and second, the burlesque contempt on the patriarchal renaissance society.

The language world of dystopia : focusing on the "Fuji-no-shima" and "Gentoshi" of Yoko Tawada. (디스토피아의 언어세계 - 다와다 요코의 「불사의 섬」과 「헌등사」를 중심으로 -)

  • Nam, Sang-wook
    • Cross-Cultural Studies
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    • v.51
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    • pp.213-233
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    • 2018
  • Representing the future of language is a very difficult but important issue, because it signifies a world of language different from the present; at the same time it secures the identity of the present language between the future changed language and the present one. This paper examines the linguistic world of dystopia, focusing on the "Fuji-no-shima" and "Gentoshi" of Yoko Tawada. First of all, "Fuji-no-shima" shows that, for Yoko Tawada, who was crossing the border between German and Japanese as a bilingual writer, the accidental Fukushima nuclear power generation in 2011 was accepted as the destruction of verbal order between signifiant and $signifi{\acute{e}}$, due to physical changes caused by radiation leaks. "Gentoshi" tells that human ties can be maintained through language activities that can capture multiple meanings, even in a world where traditional language order is destroyed through a policy of seclusion. From the above discussion, the novel Distopia, can actually be called Utopia as long as humans rely on the power of various languages to sustain it.

The Study of Yingchuangyicao - Focus on the Writer and Printed book (청대(淸代) 문언소설(文言小說) 『형창이초(螢窗異草)』의 판본과 국내유입)

  • YOU, hee June;Min, guan dong
    • Cross-Cultural Studies
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    • v.23
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    • pp.215-242
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    • 2011
  • Yingchuang yicao(${\ll}$螢窗異草${\gg}$) is a collection of short stories in Classical Chinese, whose style was much affected by Liaozhai zhiyi(${\ll}$聊齋志異${\gg}$). It consists of 3 chapters, 12 juan, and 138 stories. This work was written by a scholar with the pen name of Hao gezi(浩歌子) in the reign period of Qianlong in the Qing dynasty, and has drawn relatively little attention among the scholars thus far; it was not until 1980's that scholars figured out that the author Hao gezi was Yin Qinglan, the sixth son of the renowned Qing scholar Yin Jishan. Yingchaung yicao had circulated as a manuscript for more than one hundred years until it was printed by Shenbao guan(申報館) in Shanghai in the reign period of Guangxu 2-3 (1876-1877). This edition is currently collected at The Kyujanggan(奎章閣) Institute of National Seoul University. At present, no known study of its introduction to and circulation in premodern Korea is available. However, given that the late $Chos{\ddot{o}}n$ period saw high interest in Chinese narratives, it is speculated that this work was imported to Korea soon after its first publication in China. Later, two publishing houses in Shanghai also published illustrated editions of the work. Given that the Shenbao guan version is the first printed edition of Yingchuang yicao, the copy collected at Kyujanggak Institute should be regarded highly for its academic values.