• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.817-832
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• 2011

It is said that the reason Bulgarians enjoy longevity is that they have a lot of yogurt, whose $Lactobacillus$ controls intestinal poison-producing germs. In young individuals, the number of bifidobacteria exceeds 10 billion per 1 g of intestinal content, but this number decreases for older or senile individuals, who have a larger number of harmful microorganisms such as $Clostridium$. In addition, it is well known that artificially increasing intestinal bifidobacteria can help control harmful microorganisms and thus facilitate a healthier and longer life. The microorganisms used for artificial spawn are referred to as probiotic microorganisms, and in general, lactic acid bacteria(LAB) are used. Unlike antibiotics, which kill harmful microorganisms, probiotic microorganisms coexist with and control them, while improving the health of the individual, that is, they can improve and invigorate host cells. Because probiotic microorganisms and its products based on LAB are known to help prevent and treat constipation, diarrhea, intestinal inflammation, and blood cholesterol and generally improve health through the purification of intestines, its market has been continuously expanding. Korea imports approximately 90% of spawn and uses them. It is likely that they are not appropriate for Korean's physical condition. Thus, considering this problem into account, Entecbio, a biotech firm in Korea, has produced various products by using its proprietary microorganisms. In this paper, the effects, characteristics, and kinds of products from based on proprietary microorganisms, with its prospect for market, etc., are generally examined.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.4404-4415
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• 2014

This study was carried out to verify the relationship between the job satisfaction and turnover intention of nurses working in general hospitals The study included 312 nurses working in three general hospitals located in Gyeoungpook area. The data was collected by a survey using self-administered questionnaires structured from February 25 to March 16, 2013. The level of turnover intention was negatively correlated with job satisfaction and professional position, autonomy, administrative capacity, pay, task requirement. In logistic regression analysis, the adjusted odds ratio of the high risk turnover intention was increased significantly in the lower groups of job satisfaction, job autonomy, administrative capacity and pay than in the higher groups of these items. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that the turnover intention correlated significantly with the education level, subjective sleep evaluation, job career, job position, monthly pay, satisfaction with work, fitness of the job, career choice motives, physical burden of work, and job satisfaction. In addition, there was a negative correlation between the job satisfaction and turnover intention in the studied nurses, which showed that the turnover intention increased with decreasing level of job satisfaction. The variations in the job related characteristics and job satisfaction have a significant influence on the turnover intention.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.175-181
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate age-related changes of multi-finger synergy during a constant force production task with and without an additional mechanical constraint. Method: Fourteen elderly subjects (age: $78.50{\pm}4.63yrs$, height: $157.29{\pm}8.97cm$, weight: $65.13{\pm}6.93kg$) and 14 young subjects (age: $21.13{\pm}1.35yrs$, height: $171.57{\pm}8.43cm$, weight: $70.29{\pm}16.77kg$) participated in this study. The subjects were asked to place their index and middle fingers on two force transducers fixed on a small non-moving teeterboard and produce 10 N by pressing the sensors while watching force feedback on a computer screen under the no additional constraint condition (NAC). The subjects also performed the same task with an additional mechanical constraint (AC) where the subjects were asked to balance a teeterboard that could be rotated by finger forces. An uncontrolled manifold approach was used to calculate within-trial and between-trial multi-finger synergy indices, variance in uncontrolled subspace ($V_{UCM}$), and variance in subspace orthogonal to UCM subspace ($V_{ORT}$). Two-way repeated measured ANOVA was performed with the within-factor of task condition (with and without an additional constraint) and the between factor of groups (elderly and young). Results: The elderly group showed significantly increased within-trial $V_{ORT}$ in AC compared with NAC (p < .05) while the young group showed no significant difference between AC and NAC. There was no significant group difference for within-trial $V_{UCM}$. Between-trial $V_{ORT}$ remained unchanged between groups and conditions. However, between-trial $V_{UCM}$ for the elderly group significantly decreased in AC as compared to NAC, along with no significant difference for the young group. For multi-finger synergy, there was no significant group difference of within-trial synergy. However, between-trial synergy for the elderly group significantly decreased in AC as compared to NAC (p < .05). Conclusion: Our results indicate that aging decreased consistency (i.e., ability to perform the task on a moment-to-moment basis) with an additional mechanical constraint. In addition, aging was associated with decreased multi-finger synergy on a trial-to-trial basis.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.293-297
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to evaluate recognition of occupation title for dental hygienist in high school students. Total 210 students of one high school completed a self-reported questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, dental service utilization and occupation title awareness for health care personnels. Female and science tract students showed higher level of awareness for dental hygienist but showed no differences according to dental service utilization pattern. The study showed association between occupation recognition for dental hygienist and other health technicians. But there were no association between occupation awareness for dental hygienist and dentist, nurse. Gender, occupation recognition for medical laboratory technologists and physical therapist affect occupation recognition for dental hygienist.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.63-74
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• 2013

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the development of the sexual education program by examining status of Sexual Violence Consciousness and Cognition of Sexual Violence of University students Methods. The subjects were 240 University students located in J-city. Data were collected during the period from Nov. 12, 2012 to Nov. 13, 2012. For the data analysis, SPSS 12.0 K program was utilized to get frequency number, percentage, average, standard deviation and t-test. Results. The results present different degrees of man and women's cause of sexual violence cognition and consciousness were as following ; The several scores of women higher more than man parts were 'Think of the woman as a sexual target(t=3.86, p<0.001)','Men's sexual urges(t=3.98, p<0.001)', 'The low status of women in society (t=3.85, p<0.001)', 'Male-dominated society and culture(t=5.62, p<0.001)', 'Acceptance of men aggression and activism(t=5.19, p<0.001)','Weak punishment (t=7.25, p<0.001)'and Man higher more than women parts were 'overexposure of women(t=3.88, p<0.001)'. Conclusion. Results suggest that sexual education program should strategies to increase a positive Consciousness and Cognition of Sexual Violence in their education programs in order to improve Consciousness and Cognition of Sexual Violence in University students.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.19
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• pp.8455-8460
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• 2014

Background: The National Central Cancer Registry of China (NCCR) affiliated to the Bureau of Disease Control, National Health and Family Planning Commission of China is responsible for cancer surveillance in the entire country. Cancer registration data from each local registry located in each province are collected by NCCR annually to be analyzed and published to provide useful information for policy makers and cancer researchers. Materials and Methods: Until 1st June, 2013, 219 population-based cancer registries submitted data of 2010 to the National Central Cancer Registry of China covering about 207,229,403 population, and 145 cancer registries were selected after quality evaluation for this study. Colorectal cancer cases were selected from the database according to ICD-10 coded as "C18-C20". We calculated the crude incidence and mortality rates by sex, age groups and location (urban/rural). The China population in 2000 and Segi's population were used as standardized populations for the calculation of age-standardized rates. The 6th National Population Census data of China was used to combined with the cancer registries' data to estimate the colorectal cancer burden in China in 2010. Results: Colorectal cancer was the sixth most common cancer in China. It was estimated that there were 274,841 new cases diagnosed in 2010 (157,355 in males and 117,486 in females), with the crude incidence rate of 20.1/100,000, highest in males in urban areas. Age-standardized rates by China standard population of 2000 (ASRcn) and World standard population (Segi's population, ASRwld) for incidence were 16.1/100,000 and 15.9/100,000 respectively. There were 132,110 cases estimated to have died from colorectal cancer in China in 2010 (76,646 men and 55,464 women) with the crude mortality rate of 10.1/100,000. The ASRcn and ASRwld for mortality were 7.55/100,000 and 7.44/100,000 respectively, higher in males and urban areas than in females and rural areas. The incidence and mortality rates increased with age, reaching peaksin the 80-84 year old, and oldest age groups, respectively. Conclusions: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common incident cancers and cause of cancer death in China. Primary and secondary prevention, with attention to a health lifestyle, physical activity and screening should be enhanced in the general population.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.119-135
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of bimanual intensive training on Upper Extremity Function and activities of daily living in stroke patients. Methods : The subjects were 18 patients who were diagnosed with hemiplegic stroke. They were randomly assigned to bimanual intensive training group (n=9) and unilateral intensive group (n=9). Bimanual training group performed bimanual task and unilateral training group performed one hand task for 1 hour per session, 5 times a week, for 4 weeks. Chi-square test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used for analysis. Results : The results showed that, upper extremity motor function and bimanual coordination were significantly improved in patients in the bimanual training group (p<.05). Additionally, the ratio of affected hand use and amount of use/quality of movement in the hemiplegic upper extremity in activities of daily living for patients in the bimanual training group were significantly improved (p<.05). Although the unilateral group improved motor upper extremity function and activities of daily living in the upper extremity (p<.05), it was not significantly different from that in the bimanual training group. In between-group comparison, bimanual coordination and ratio of the affected hand use in a day were significantly different (p<.05). Conclusion : It is reasonable to conclude that bimanual intensive training therapy is an effective intervention method to improve upper extremity motor function, and activities of daily living in stroke patients.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.87-98
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of home-visit occupational therapy in stroke patients. Methods : Two patients with stroke who applied for home-based occupational therapy services at a health center in Seoul were enrolled. The home-visit occupational therapy program evaluates the subject's daily living, task performance, cognitive, and emotional functions, sets occupational therapy goals and plans interventions based on a client-centered approach. Occupational therapy programs consisted of 12 sessions based on the client's major problems. Results : COPM scores improved in both cases, there was an improvement in COPM scores, and in Case 2 there were improvements in MBI and K-MMSE scores. There was also an improvement in KGDS scores in Case 1. Conclusion : Home-visit occupational therapy was found to be effective in improving daily activities, cognition, and mental function of stroke patients. During home and community integration, continuous and continuous rehabilitation services need to be activated from institutional rehabilitation to community-based rehabilitation. Active home-visit occupational therapy is needed to promote physical, cognitive, mental and social access in stroke patients discharged from hospitals.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.175-185
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical effect of Moxa-Pellet treatment for nasal symptoms and quality of life(QOL) in patients with allergic rhinitis. Methods: Subjects were voluntarily recruited through newspaper and internet advertisement. In this randomized, single blind and controlled study, experimental group (n=19) received real Moxa-Pellet treatment and control group(n=20) received sham Moxa-Pellet treatment for 3 weeks. Acupuncture points used were $LI_4$, $ST_{36}$, $LU_7$, $GV_{14}$ and $GB_{20}$. Patient's nasal symptoms and QOL were assessed before and after 3 weeks treatment by the Nasal Symptom Scores(NSS) and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey(SF-36). Results : The results were as follows; 1. Among items of NSS, Sneezing' Rhinorrhea' Itching scores and Total Nasal Symptom Scores(TNSS) were significantly improved in experimental group after 3 weeks Moxa- Pellet treatment(p<0.05). In control group, there was no significant difference in all items except Headache item of NSS. 2. Among 8 domains of SF- 36, experimental group showed significant difference in Role-Emotional(RE), Mental Health(MH) and Bodily Pain(Bp) after 3 weeks Moxa- Pellet treatment(p<0.05). Control group showed no significant difference in all domains except one domain(Role limitation-physical). Conclusions: These results suggest that Moxa-Pellet treatment can be applicable to improve nasal symptoms and QOL in the patients with allergic rhinitis. Further long tenn studies on the Moxa-Pellets treatment's sustaining power and safety is needed.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.52-59
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• 2008

The geometric design of an implant surface may play an important role in affecting early osseointegration. It is well known that the porous surfaced implant had much benefits for the osseointegration and the early stability of implant. However, the porous surfaced implant had weakness from the transgingival contamitants, and it resulted in alveolar bone loss. The other problem identified with porous surface implant is the loss of physical properties resulting from the bead sintering process. In this study, we developed the new bead coating implant to overcome the disadvantages of porous surfaced implant. Ti-6Al-4V beads were supplied from STARMET (USA). The beads were prepared by a plasma rotating electrode process (PREP) and had a nearly spherical shape with a diameter of 75-150 ${\mu}m$. Two types of titanium implants were supplied by KJ Meditech (Korea). One is an external hexa system (External type) and the other is an internal system with threads (Internal type). The implants were pasted with beads using polyvinylalcohol solution as a binder, and then sintered at 1250 $^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours in vacuum of $10^{-5}$ torr. The resulting porous structure was 400-500 ${\mu}m$ thick and consisted of three to four bead layers bonded to each other and the implant. The pore size was in the range of 50-150 ${\mu}m$ and the porosity was 30-40 % in volume. The aim of this study was to evaluate the osseointegration of the newly developed dental implant. The experimental implants (n=16) were inserted in the unilateral femur of 4 mongrel dogs. All animals were killed at 8 weeks after implantation, and samples were harvested for hitological examination. All bead coated porous implants were successfully osseointegrated with peripheral bone. The average bone-implant contact ratios were 84.6 % (External type) and 81.5 % (Internal type). In the modified Goldner's trichrome staining, new generated mature bones were observed at the implant interface at 8 weeks after implantation. Although, further studies are required, we could conclude that the newly developed vacuum sintered Ti-6Al-4V bead coating implant was strong enough to resist the implant insertion force, and it was easily osseointegrated with peripheral bone.