• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stair exercise and Kegel combined exercise on the maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) and limits of stability (LOS). Methods : 23 female students participated in this experiment. MVV was measured with a spirometer. The LOS was measured with a Biorescue. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. 12 subjects were assigned to the experimental group and 11 subjects were assigned to the control group. The experimental group performed 5 minutes of stair exercise and 5 minutes of Kegel exercise. The control group performed 10 minutes of stair exercise. After 5 minutes of exercise, 1 minute of rest was provided. Both groups exercised for 5 minutes according to the metronome beat 130 during the stair exercise. After 5 minutes of rest after exercise, MVV and LOS were measured again in the same way. The measurement sequence was also randomly alternated. Results : Significant differences were found within and between groups in the experimental group in MVV (p<.05). In LOS, significant differences were confirmed in left, right, forward, backward, and total LOS in the experimental group (p<.05). In the control group, there were significant differences in left, forward, and total LOS (p<.05). However, there was no significant difference between groups (p>.05). Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, it was confirmed that the stairs and Kegel combined exercise had a positive effect on MVV and LOS. However, in the short term, it was found that the stair and Kegel combined exercise was insufficient in time and the threshold of exercise to show the difference between groups in LOS. Therefore, additional research should be conducted by modifying the limitations of this study.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.66-77
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• 2024

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of insoles on the plantar pressure distribution during squat exercise in subjects with calf muscle shortness. Design: Cross-sectional Study Methods: Thirty subjects were participated in each fifteen subjects of a control group and an experimental group with calf muscle shortness. The participants were allocated in control group or experimental group according to knee-to-wall test. They were asked to perform squat exercise at hip flexion angle of 20° and knee flexion angle of 45° across three conditions with insole(2.0cm and 3.5cm) and without insole. The plantar pressure distribution was measured using Pedoscan equipment. In order to find out whether there is a significant difference in the plantar pressure distribution between the groups and the height, the two-way mixed ANOVA test was used and the statistical significance level was .05. Results: As a result of the study, the plantar pressure distribution between the group and the height showed a significant interaction effect(p<.001). There was no significant difference according to the insole height of 2.0cm and 3.5cm in all the control groups and the experimental group. Conclusion: We found that the plantar pressure distribution shifted backward during squat exercise by wearing the insole to subjects with shortening of the calf muscle. We suggest that wearing an appropriate height of insole may change the plantar pressure distribution during squat exercise in subjects with calf muscle shortness.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.2681-2692
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• 1996

The finite-volume method for radiation in a three-dimensional non-orthogonal gas turbine combustion chamber with absorbing, emitting and anisotropically scattering medium is presented. The governing radiative transfer equation and its discretization equation using the step scheme are examined, while geometric relations which transform the Cartesian coordinate to a general body-fitted coordinate are provided to close the finite-volume formulation. The scattering phase function is modeled by a Legendre polynomial series. After a benchmark solution for three-dimensional rectangular combustor is obtained to validate the present formulation, a problem in three-dimensional non-orthogonal gas turbine combustor is investigated by changing such parameters as scattering albedo, scattering phase function and optical thickness. Heat flux in case of isotropic scattering is the same as that of non-scattering with specified heat generation in the medium. Forward scattering is found to produce higher radiative heat flux at hot and cold wall than backward scattering and optical thickness is also shown to play an important role in the problem. Results show that finite-volume method for radiation works well in orthogonal and non-orthogonal systems.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.98-105
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• 2012

Recently, most of the countries started to regulate the emission of vehicle because of the global warming. The engine scooter is also one of the factor which cause the pollution. The hybrid system of a vehicle has many advantages such as fuel saving and emission reduction. The purpose of this study is to choose optimal size of engine, motor and battery for hybrid scooter system using Dynamic programming. The dynamic programming is an effective method to find an optimal solution for the complicated nonlinear system, which contains various constraints of control variables. The power source size of hybrid scooter was chosen through the backward simulator using dynamic programming. From the analysis, we choose the optimal size of each power source. To verify the optimal size of the power source, the Forward simulation was carried out. As a result, the fuel efficiency of hybrid scooter has significantly increased in comparison with that of engine scooter.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.225-250
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to grasp the ripple effect of food industry, which is rising as the prominent industry of the future and has a high forward & backward ripple effect, on domestic economy and other industries through Industrial Input-Output Analysis and suggest the export connection method for the development of food industry in the future. As an analysis result, it was found that the effect on product inducement and employment inducement was very high. Like that, it is necessary to establish export connection strategy to escape from narrow domestic market and advance into world market in order to develop food industry, which has a high ripple effect on domestic market. For the export connection of food industry, it is possible to enlarge overseas market demand of domestic food industry by providing domestic food companies with export-concerned information such as overseas export market information and food market information, advertising world market for domestic food industry actively through the globalization of Korea food, securing food processing technology, removing export unavailability risk through the export insurance policy and advertizing the safety of food industry through the reinforcement of food safety control standard and penalty standard.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.154-160
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• 2014

The address resolution protocol (ARP) provides dynamic mapping between two different forms of addresses: the 32-bit Internet protocol (IP) address of the network layer and the 48-bit medium access control (MAC) address of the data link layer. A host computer finds the MAC address of the default gateway or the other hosts on the same subnet by using ARP and can then send IP packets. However, ARP can be used for network attacks, which are one of the most prevalent types of network attacks today. In this study, a new ARP algorithm that can prevent IP spoofing attacks is proposed. The proposed ARP algorithm is a broadcast ARP reply and an ARP notification. The broadcast ARP reply was used for checking whether the ARP information was forged. The broadcast ARP notification was used for preventing a normal host's ARP table from being poisoned. The proposed algorithm is backward compatible with the current ARP protocol and dynamically prevents any ARP spoofing attacks. In this study, the proposed ARP algorithm was implemented on the Linux operating system; here, we present the test results with respect to the prevention of ARP spoofing attacks.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권3A호
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• pp.160-167
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• 2005

WDM(Wavelength Division Multiplexing) 광통신망의 노드에서 신호채널들이 분기 결합될 때 잔류채널들의 이득을 일정하게 제어해 주기 위해 고정이득 EDFA를 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 양방향 펌프에 의해 고이득을 가지는 L-band EDFA에서 발진광에 의해 입력변화를 보상해주는 방식으로 고정이득 EDFA를 구현하였다. 여기서 발진방향 및 파장에 따른 잔류채널의 과도응답 특성에 있어서 단파장 후방발진의 경우가 최적임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.2719-2735
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• 2015

In the cloud environment, users pay more attentions to their data security since all of them are stored in the cloud server. Researchers have proposed many mutual authentication schemes for the access control of the cloud server by using the smart card to protect the sensitive data. However, few of them can resist from the smart card lost problem and provide both of the forward security and the backward security. In this paper, we propose a novel authentication scheme for cloud computing which can address these problems and also provide the anonymity for the user. The trick we use is using the password, the smart card and the public key technique to protect the processes of the user's authentication and key exchange. Under the Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) assumption, it is provably secure in the random oracle model. Compared with the existing smart card based authentication schemes in the cloud computing, the proposed scheme can provide better security degree.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.39-52
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• 2011

We are developing a biomimetic robot based on the Sea Lamprey. The robot consists of a cylindrical electronics bay propelled by an undulatory body axis. Shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators generate propagating flexion waves in five undulatory segments of a polyurethane strip. The behavior of the robot is controlled by an electronic nervous system (ENS) composed of networks of discrete-time map-based neurons and synapses that execute on a digital signal processing chip. Motor neuron action potentials gate power transistors that apply current to the SMA actuators. The ENS consists of a set of segmental central pattern generators (CPGs), modulated by layered command and coordinating neuron networks, that integrate input from exteroceptive sensors including a compass, accelerometers, inclinometers and a short baseline sonar array (SBA). The CPGs instantiate the 3-element hemi-segmental network model established from physiological studies. Anterior and posterior propagating pathways between CPGs mediate intersegmental coordination to generate flexion waves for forward and backward swimming. The command network mediates layered exteroceptive reflexes for homing, primary orientation, and impediment compensation. The SBA allows homing on a sonar beacon by indicating deviations in azimuth and inclination. Inclinometers actuate a bending segment between the hull and undulator to allow climb and dive. Accelerometers can distinguish collisions from impediment to allow compensatory reflexes. Modulatory commands mediate speed control and turning. A SBA communications interface is being developed to allow supervised reactive autonomy.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.588-596
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• 2008

환자의 신변보호를 위하여 의료 영상에 비인가 된 사용자의 접근을 제한하는 것은 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 의료 영상의 접근 제어를 위한 관심 영역(ROI, Region of Interest) 기반의 선택적 암호 기법들을 제안한다. 첫 번째 제안 기법은 웨이블릿 서브밴드들 중 관심영역에 속한 계수의 비트를 랜덤하게 변경하여 암호화를 수행하며, 이미지의 압축과 암호화가 동시에 수행되고 암호화로 인한 압축률에 대한 손실이 적은 특징을 가진다. 두 번째 제안 기법은 안전성의 향상을 위하여 압축된 코드스트림의 관심 영역에 대칭키 기반 암호 알고리즘을 적용하며, 암호화 과정에서 압축률에 영향을 미치지 않는 특징이 있다. 또한 제안 기법들은 JPEG2000의 코드스트림 표준 디코더와 호환성을 제공한다.