• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 1996

There are many advantages when using IIF and DNA probe methods over anaerobic culture method in that they are time-and effort-saving, more precise and more sensitive. Furthermore, in IIF and DNA probe methods, the detection is possible only with small amount of bacteria, the quantitative analysis is possible, and the cell viability is not necessary. The purpose of this study is to observe the incidence of P.endodontalis by carrying out anaerobic culture, IIF and colony lift using DNA probe method respectively, and to compare these 3 methods in terms of effectiveness and sensitivity in order to identify the most effective detection method. 30 teeth with at least one clinical symptoms, with single canal, and with pulp necrosis were sampled. For sampling bacteria, access cavity was prepared after disinfecting tooth and its surroundings. Then the paper point was inserted up to the periapical area, leave there for a while, and finally it was placed into PRAS Ringer's sol. and PBS sol. In anaerobic culture method, P.endodontalis was identified by biochemical tests after subculturing black and brown colonies which were produced after 7 days of incubation on BAP and Brucella BAP in anaerobic chamber. To identify P.endodontalis in IIF method, species-specific polyclonal rabbit-antisera of P.endodontalis(ATCC 35406) was reacted with sampled PBS sol. dispensed onto glass slide, and then P.endodontalis was examined by phase contrast microscopy after incubating with Goat anti-rabbit lgG conjugated to Fluorescein isothiocyanate. For colony lift using DNA probe method, membranes were laid over colonies on the surface of BAP and were hybridized with cloned DNA probe of P.endodontalis. The existence of P.endodontalis was then identified by the methods of chemiluminescent detection and color metric detection. Black colony was found in 11 teeth out of 30 teeth and P.endodontalis was detected in 6 teeth (20 %) by anaerobic culture method, 16 teeth (53 %) by IIF method, and 7 teeth (23 %) by DNA probe method. IIF method is significantly better in detecting P.endodontalis than DNA probe method and anaerobic culture method. There was no significant differences between DNA probe method and anaerobic culture method. There was significant correlation between the formation of black colony and the existence of P.endodontalis. The probability of detecting P.endodontalis when black colony being present is 2.89 times higher than when not being present. There was significant relationship between the foul odor of clinical symptoms and P.endodontalis. The sensitivity of existing P.endodontalis when foul odor being present was 93.75 %, while the specificity of not existing P.endodontalis when foul odor not being present was 28.57 %. These results suggested that the probes of P.endodontalis will be used to decide the method and prognosis in endodontic treatments.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.6
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• pp.75-85
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• 1988

The concentration of 50 mM Nacl inhibited the shoot growth of P. nigra ${\times}$ maximowiczii in viro culture. The punctured leaves have produced so many individuals on MS basal medium with cytokinin. Especially MS basal medium with BAP 0.8mg/l showed the best shoot performance in which the average number of shoots were 127.6. For selection of NaCl tolerance shoot of poplar, punctured leaves were inoculated on MS basal medium with BAP 0.8mg/l and various concentrations of NaCl(from 10 mM to 100 mM graded by 10 mM). On the medium with over 50mM of NaCl, 13.7 to 15.7 shoots were obtained. Especially on the medium with go mM and 100mM. 10.7 and 8.3 shoots, respectively. The shoots derived from control medium (non-NaCl) were depressed growth, while the selected shoots from MS with NaCl showed good growth performance on MS basal medium with 50 mM of NaCl. From this results, we suggested that the possibility of in vitro selection to tolerance for inorganic salts in forest tree species.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 1995

A micropropagation system for black Locust(Robinia pseudoacacia) was established by using shoots and pin-punctured leaves of in vitro germinated seedlings. The greatest number of shoots (an average of 10.5 shoots) was obtained when shoot tips were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.01 mg/l NAA. When pin-punctured leaf explants were cultured on the same medium, mean number of 13.5 shoots were produced. Shoot growth was accelerated by adding 50 mg/l of silver nitrate ($AgNO_3$), an anti-ethylene compound to the culture medium. Each shoot was excised from the mass and transferred onto half strength MS medium for rooting. Zygotic embryos at different developmental stages were cultured on LS medium supplemented with various growth regulators to induce somatic embryos. When cultured on LS medium with 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D. 14.3% of the zygotic embryos induced somatic embryos. Upon transfer onto the basal medium, somatic embryos sporadically converted into plantlets.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 2003

Anthers from several lines of carrot (Daucus carota L.) were plated on the semi-solid B$_{5}$, basal medium supplemented with 2,4-D and NAA at two concentrations, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L plus 0.2 mg/L BAP (benzylaminop-urine). Anthers of the most lines on the B$_{5}$ basal medium with 2,4-D showed higher percentages of callus formation than those with NAA. Particularly, in line 45477, highest percentages of callus formation (50%) were observed on B$_{5}$ medium with 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D plus 0.2 mg/L BAP. With 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D, two months was sufficient for initiation of callus development. Calli were regenerated into plantlets through embryogenesis onto regeneration medium without any growth regulators. When callus showing yellowish and soft structure was cultured, it yielded green plants at high regeneration rates, The response of anthers in callus induction and plant regeneration was different among lines investigated. Optimal callus induction and plant regeneration could be obtained through manipulating the concentration of growth regulators. Plantlets after transfer to perlite were grown successfully in greenhouse conditions. Anther culture of carrot will be used as a useful breeding tool in future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.241-250
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• 2010

This study was conducted to improve the kimchi intake for high school students of various kimchi sub-ingredients and foods using kimchi. The students believed that kimchi is good for health. The overall satisfaction, baechu quality and the taste and degree of fermentation of kimchi was high, but there was a low preference for offered kimchi kinds, kimchi subingredient, foods using kimchi. The types of kimchi preferred and often offered in school meals were baechu-kimchi and kkakdugi. The common kimchi sub-ingredients were radish and welsh onion in vegetables, squid and oyster in sea foods, saeu-jeot and myeolchi-jeot in salted fish, and pear and apple in fruits. The preference for kimchi sub-ingredients were high for sesame leaf and yeolmu in vegetables, saeu-sal and squid in sea foods, saeu-jeot and nakji-jeot in salted fish, and pear and apple in fruits. The foods using kimchi preferred and often offered with school meals were kimchi-jjigae, bokkeumkimchi, kimchi soup, kimchi-bokkeum-bap, and kimchi-jeon. The kimchi sub-ingredient for which students had the greatest preference was meats. Among the foods using kimchi with meats, the most preferred were kimchi-pyeonyuk bossam, doejigogi kimchi duruchigi, and kimchi galbi-jjim. Among the foods using kimchi with noodles, the most preferred were kimchi- bibimmyeon, kimchi -naengmyeon, and kimchi-cheese spaghetti. Among the foods using kimchi with vegetables, the most preferred were kimchi-pa-jeon, kimchi- deopbap and kimchi- goguma gui. Of the foods using kimchi with processed foods, the most preferred were kimchi-mandu, kimchi-bacon jumeok-bap and kimchi- cheese omelet. Among the foods using kimchi containing sea food, kimchi-haemul bokkeum-bap, kimchi-hoe-deopbap, and kimchi-saeu-jjim were most preferred. Overall, these results suggest that various kimchi sub-ingredients and foods using kimchi should be improved for kimchi intake of school meals.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.223-228
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• 1991

The callus of Canavalia lineata was induced from leaf tissues in MS medium supplemented with 10-5 M kinetin and 10-6 M IAA and was subcultured in Miller's medium supplemented with 10-5 M BAP and 10-6 M 2,4-D. When free amino acids of callus were analysed by HPLC, canavanine was not detected in the callus cultured either in the dark or light. But exogenously supplied canacanine was accumulated or consumned in the callus of Canavalia lineata.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.12-26
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• 1991

Packing in printing work os caused by mutual relations with trapping, ink and damping water, or by the expansion and contraction in the image and tone reproduction. According to changing of packing quantity, we find an error between them as the result of comparison between theoretical value and experimental value in the expansion and contraction of image.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.130-135
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• 2001

Effects of media and growth regulators on the growth and saponin accumulation of ginseng root were investigated to develop the ginseng root culture system. When Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer roots were induced and cultured in various liquid media, the maximum root growth and saponin production were obtained in SH medium and an initial doubleing time of ginseng root was approximately 10 days. The patterns and contents of ginsenosides of cultured ginseng root in various media were different from each other. SH and White media resulted in higher total ginsenosides contents than the other media. Among different combinations and concentrations of growth regulators, SH medium containing 4.0mg/ L NAA gave best growth of ginseng roots, while saponin content was highest in SH medium containing 0.5mg/L BAP. These results suggested that the rapid production of ginseng saponin is possible by root culture of Panax ginseng.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.12A
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• pp.925-932
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• 2009

Precise temperature monitoring is the major preconditioning to supervise quality losses within the transport chain for fresh products. ISO/IEC18000-6REV1 defines new protocols supporting BAP(Battery Assisted Passive) RFID tag which is completely compatible with EPCglobal Class1 Generation2 specification. In this paper, we designed a modem supporting BAP RFID tag with FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) and implemented sensor data processing function defined in ISO/IEC18000-6REV1. The transmit block of the modem supports pulse shaping filter and the output signal of the implemented RFID reader is satisfied with the spectrum mask defined in the standard. The receive block of the modem uses Gardner TED to synchronize timing of symbol. In this paper, we designed a modem supporting ISO/IEC18000-6REV1 standard and developed a RFID reader sndard. The developed RFID reader sndard can recognize sensor tag and passive tag in the wireless environment and supports real-time processing of the sensor data in the embedded linux platform.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.74 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 1986

A method isolating Populus euramericana cv. I-214 mesophyll protoplasts was developed to facilitate application of genetic engineering techniques to this species. The suitable medium for shoot multiplication in vitro was MS basal medium with $0.1mg/{\ell}$ BAP. The effects of several factors influencing protoplast isolation could be evaluated quickly by using leaf in vitro and known volumes of maceration and washing media. The best yields of mesophyll protoplasts were obtained using leaves in vitro in 2.0% Cellulase R-10, 0.8% Macerozyme R-10, 1.2% Hemicellulase, 2.0% Driselase, 0.05% Pectolyase Y-23, and O.6M Mannitol in addition to DTT and MES buffer adjusted to pH 5.6. Over $2.4{\times}10^6$ protoplasts per gram of leaf were produced using these conditions. For protoplast purification, the most favorable sucrose concentration of floating solution was 0.6M after washing them with CPW solution. This method of screening factors affecting protoplast isolation could be applicable to other species.