• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.5-12
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• 2000

본 연구에서, Daubechies'Mother Wavelet를 이용한 이산 웨이블렛 변환(Discrete Wavelet Transform)에 기초한 새롭고 효과적인 특정추출방법을 제안하였다. 특정추출을 이용하여 응용방향을 설명하고 또는 통계적 파라메터의 평가를 행하였다. 본 연구에서는 다음과 같은 몇 가지 사실을 알 수 있었다. 1. 시스템에서 발생된 (인가전압이 0[V]) 노이즈라 볼 수 가있는 렌덤노이즈(Random Noise)를 디지털필터인 FIR(Finite Impulse Response)필터를 통하여 상당한 노이즈를 억제할 수가 있었다. 2. 이산 웨이블렛 변환 시 레벨 1~4까지 변환한 결과 최적의 변환상태 Level-3을 기준으로 하였다. 3. 특정추출 파라메터는 음향방출신호의 최대값, 평균값, 분산, 왜도, 첨쇄도를 특정추출파라메터로 이용하였다. 4. 특정추출 결과를 이용하여 전체 열화시간 중 대표적 음향방출신호 중 초기열화신호, 중기열화신호, 말기열화신호를 얻을 수 있었다. 이런 특정추출을 통하여 변압기열화상태를 진단할 수 있는 가능성을 확인 할 수가 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.411-414
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• 2011

This paper describes a tripple-mode DC-DC buck converter with DPSS Fucntion. The DC-DC buck converter operate in PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) mode at moderate to heavy loads(80mA~500mA), in PFM(Pulse Frequency Modulation)at light loads(1mA~80mA), and in LDO(Low Drop Out) mode at the sleep mode(<1mA). In PFM mode DPSS(Dynamic Partial Shutdown Strategy) is also employed to increase the efficiency at light loads. The triple-mode converter can thus achieve high efficiencies over wide load current range. The proposed DC-DC converter is designed in a CMOS 0.18um technology. It has a maximum power efficiency of 97.02% and maximum output current of 500mA. The input and output voltages are 3.3V and 2.5V, respectively. The chip size is $1465um{\times}895um$ including pads.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.06c
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• pp.455-458
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• 1998

초음파 산업분야에 널리 사용되고 있는 PZT 압전 세라믹 진동자의 경우 높은 품질계수로 인하여 대역폭이 좁고, 진동 시 두께방향 진동뿐만 아니라 횡방향 진동으로 인하여 초음파 신호를 분석하는데 여러 가지 어려움이 항상 존재하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 PZT 세라믹스와 고분자 재료인 Epoxy를 사용하여 1-3 접속도를 갖는 압전 복합재료를 제조하였다. 이를 이용하여 초음파 트랜스듀서를 제작하였고, 이에 대한 전기음향변환능률을 어드미턴스 loop를 측정하여 구하였다. 유전율, 공진 주파수 등을 포함한 기본적인 트랜스듀서의 파라메터들은 공진 부근에서 전기적인 임피던스로부터 측정하였다. 이러한 파라메터들을 적용하여 주파수에 대한 트랜스듀서의 성능을 평가하였다. Pulse-echo법을 이용하여 삽입손실율을 구하고 임펄스 반응을 통하여 주파수 대역폭에 대해서 측정하였다. 그 결과 어드미턴스 loop로부터 두께방향모드를 제외한 횡방향 모드는 거의 나타나지 않았다. 유전율은 5.25㎊m이었고, 공진주파수 1.65MHz에서 -8dB의 최소 손실이 발생하였다. 주파수대역폭은 -6dB에서 64%(Q ; 1.56)의 대역폭이 측정되었고 전기기계 결합계수는 0.54이고 전기기계변환능률은 52%, 기계음향변환능률은 31%로 측정되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.74-84
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• 1998

A doubly resonant ultrasonic transducer has been designed as an attempt to increase the bandwidth of underwater transducers. The dual resonance conditions were accomplished by attaching a single acoustic matching layer on the front face of a Tonpilz transducer consisted of an aluminum head, a piezoelectric ring, a brass tail and a prestress bolt. A modified Mason's model was used for the performance analysis and the design of transducers, and the constructed transducers were tested experimentally and numerically by changing the impedances and thicknesses of the head, tail and matching layers in the water tank. Two distinct resonance peaks in the transmitting voltage response(TVR) of a developed transducer were observed at 34.3 and 40.4 kHz, respectively, with the difference frequency of 6.1kHz and the center frequency of 37.2kHz. The values of TVR at these frequencies were 136.5 dB re $1\;\muPa/V$ at 34.3 kHz and 136.8 dB re $1\;\muPa/V$ at 40.4 kHz, respectively. Reasonable agreement between the experimental results and the numerical results was achieved. From this result, it is expected that the generation of the distinct resonances at any two desired frequencies can be achieved through the proper choice of the matching layer to provide the impedance transformation between the transducer and the medium.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.699-706
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• 2010

We have studied to obtain the slanted finger interdigital(SFIT) type filter was formed on the Langasite substrate and was evaporated two IDT electrode by Aluminum-Copper alloy respectively. We can fabricate that the block weighted type IDT as an input transducer of the filter and the withdrawal weighted type IDT as an output transducer of the filter from the results of our computer-simulation. Also, we have performed to obtain the properly design conditions about phase shift conditions of the SPIT type filter. We have employed that the number of pairs of the input and output IDT are 50 pairs and the thickness and the width of reflectors are $5000\;{\AA}$ and $3.6{\mu}m$ respectively. At the first sample, we have employed that the distance from the hot electrode to the reflectors is $2.4{\mu}m$ distance from the ground electrode to the reflectors is $1.8{\mu}m$ and the distance from the hot electrode to the ground is $1.5{\mu}m$ respectively. At the other sample, we have also employed that the distance from the hot electrode to the reflectors and the distance from the ground electrode to the reflectors are $2.4{\mu}m$. Frequency response of the fabricated SAW filter has the property that the center frequency is about 190MHz and bandwidth at the 3dB is probably 7.3 MHz. And we could obtain that return is less than -20dB, ripple characteristics is probably 3dB and triple transit echo(TTE) is less than -22dB after when we have matched impedance.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.73-80
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• 2015

An investigation on the removals of tetracycline (TTC), which is a family of antibiotics widely founded in the environment, from the aqueous solution by birnessite(${\delta}-MnO_2$)-mediated oxidative transformation was described. This study also examined the potential effect of the naturally occurring substances, humic acid (HA) on the oxidative transformation. The experiment was carried out in various conditions (reaction time, Mn oxide loadings, pH) and in the presence of HA as a batch test. The removals of TTC followed pseudo-first order reactions, and rate constants (k, $hr^{-1}$) for the removals of TTC were constantly increased with decreasing pH from 0.98 (pH 9) to 2.97 (pH 3). The rate constants also increased about 1.3 times when the birnessite loading increased from 1 to 2 g/L. Presence of HA (5 mg-C/L, at $pH{\geq}6$) caused some enhancement in the removals of TTC as compared to the control, and also showed the removal efficiencies of TTC in the birnessite mediated systems (TTC=0.25 mM, ${\delta}-MnO_2=2.0g/L$, pH 6) increased with increasing HA concentrations (1~10 mg-C/L). The results obtained from the oxidative transformation of TTC and the effect of HA were discussed in terms of reaction characteristics and mechanism.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.35C no.6
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• pp.39-47
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• 1998

A fourth-order $\Sigma$-$\Delta$ modulator is designed and implemented in 0.6 $\mu\textrm{m}$ CMOS technology. The modulator is verified by introducing nonlinear factors such as DC gain and slew rate in system model that determines the transfer function in S-domain and in time-domain. Dynamic range is more than 110 dB and the peak SM is 102.6 dB at a clock rate of 2.8224 MHz for voiceband signal. The structure of a ∑-$\Delta$ modulator is a modified fourth-order ∑-$\Delta$ modulator using direct feedback loop method, which improves performance and consumes less power. The transmission zero for noise is located in the first-second integrator loop, which reduces entire size of capacitors, reduces the active area of the chip, improves the performance, and reduces power dissipation. The system is stable because the output variation with respect to unit time is small compared with that of the third integrator. It is easy to implement because the size of the capacitor in the first integrator, and the size of the third integrator is small because we use the noise reduction technique. This paper represents a new design method by modeling that conceptually decides transfer function in S-domain and in Z-domain, determines the cutoff frequency of signal, maximizes signal power in each integrator, and decides optimal transmission-zero frequency for noise. The active area of the prototype chip is 5.25$\textrm{mm}^2$, and it dissipates 10 mW of power from a 5V supply.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.31 no.5_6
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• pp.297-304
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• 2004

In this paper, a mesh simplification algorithm based on wavelet transform and 2D planar sampling is proposed for efficient handling of 3D objects in computer applications. Since 3D vertices are directly transformed with wavelets in conventional mesh compression and simplification algorithms, it is difficult to solve tiling optimization problems which reconnect vertices into faces in the synthesis stage highly demanding vertex connectivities. However, a 3D mesh is sampled onto 2D planes and 2D polygons on the planes are independently simplified in the proposed algorithm. Accordingly, the transform of 2D polygons is very tractable and their connection information Is replaced with a sequence of vertices. The vertex sequence of the 2D polygons on each plane is analyzed with wavelets and the transformed data are simplified by removing small wavelet coefficients which are not dominant in the subjective quality of its shape. Therefore, the proposed algorithm is able to change the mesh level-of-detail simply by controlling the distance of 2D sampling planes and the selective removal of wavelet coefficients. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is a simple and efficient simplification technique with less external distortion.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.77-83
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• 1999

H.263 is an international standard of ITU-T that can makes the service such as video phone, video conference in the transmission line less than 64Kbps. This recommendation draft has used motion estimation/compensation, transform coding and quantizing methods. TMN5 used for the performance estimation of H.263 has fundamentally used DCT in transform coding method and presented quantizer for quantizing the DCT transform coefficient. This paper is presenting adaptive quantizer effectively able to quantize DCT coefficient considering the human visual sensitivity while the structure of TMN5 is maintaining. As quantizer that proposed DCT-based H.263 could make transmit more frame than TMN5 in a same transfer speed, it could lower the frame drop effect. And the luminance signal appeared the difference of -0.3 ～ +0.7dB in the average PSNR for the estimation of objective image quality and the chrominance signal appeared the improvement in about 1.5dB in comparision with TMN5. As a result it can attain the better image quality compared to TMN5 in the estimation of subjective image quality.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.499-505
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• 2015

To properly design and assess a piezoelectric vibration energy harvester, it is necessary to consider the application of an efficiency measure of energy conversion. The energy conversion efficiency is defined in this work as the ratio of the electrical output power to the mechanical input power for a piezoelectric vibration energy harvester with an impedance-matched load resistor. While previous research works employed the electrical output power for approximate impedance-matched load resistance, this work derives an efficiency measure considering optimally matched resistance. The modified efficiency measure is validated by comparing it with finite element analysis results for piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters with three different values of the electro-mechanical coupling coefficient. New findings on the characteristics of energy conversion and conversion efficiency are also provided for the two different impedance matching methods.