• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.361-368
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• 2017

Objectives: This study aimed to explore dimensions in addition to the 5 dimensions of the 5-level EQ-5D version (EQ-5D-5L) that could satisfactorily explain variation in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the general population of South Korea. Methods: Domains related to HRQoL were searched through a review of existing HRQoL instruments. Among the 28 potential dimensions, the 5 dimensions of the EQ-5D-5L and 7 additional dimensions (vision, hearing, communication, cognitive function, social relationships, vitality, and sleep) were included. A representative sample of 600 subjects was selected for the survey, which was administered through face-to-face interviews. Subjects were asked to report problems in 12 health dimensions at 5 levels, as well as their self-rated health status using the EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) and a 5-point Likert scale. Among subjects who reported no problems for any of the parameters in the EQ-5D-5L, we analyzed the frequencies of problems in the additional dimensions. A linear regression model with the EQ-VAS as the dependent variable was performed to identify additional significant dimensions. Results: Among respondents who reported full health on the EQ-5D-5L (n=365), 32% reported a problem for at least 1 additional dimension, and 14% reported worse than moderate self-rated health. Regression analysis revealed a $R^2$ of 0.228 for the original EQ-5D-5L dimensions, 0.200 for the new dimensions, and 0.263 for the 12 dimensions together. Among the added dimensions, vitality and sleep were significantly associated with EQ-VAS scores. Conclusions: This study identified significant dimensions for assessing self-rated health among members of the general public, in addition to the 5 dimensions of the EQ-5D-5L. These dimensions could be considered for inclusion in a new preference-based instrument or for developing a country-specific HRQoL instrument.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.347-358
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• 2013

When analyzing soft tissue of the profile, Subnasale is often used as an important reference point. But there are few studies on the ideal position of the Subnasale. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to present an objective reference of the esthetic face relating to the change of Subnasale position in Koreans' profile, and also to determine whether there is concordance between professionals and laypersons in their perception of facial attractiveness. The one determined as appropriate profile portion by experts of pictures taken in women in 20s was selected. The photograph was modified changing the Subnasale anteroposteriorly on the plane perpendicular to the true vertical line, while maintaining the nasolabial angle. The photographs were presented to a group of professionals (9 orthodontists) and 126 laypersons, who were asked to assess the facial attractiveness of the photographs on a VAS independently. The conclusion was obtained. 1. The ideal position of the Subnasale is when the ratio of the distance Lateral canthus~Subnasale : Subnasale~Pronasale is 1.769 : 1. 2. The ideal degrees between the true vertical line passing through Nasion and Subnasale is $5.5^{\circ}$ 3. The professionals recognized every change in the ratio, but the laypersons couldn't differentiate between the change from 1.571 : 1 to 1.769 : 1.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.14-23
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• 2020

Objectives : We investigated the efficacy and safety of miniscalpel acupuncture (MA) treatment combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for chronic neck pain (CNP) in an assessor-blinded randomized controlled pilot trial to establish a basis for larger-scale randomized controlled studies on this subject. Methods : Participants (n=36) were recruited and randomly allocated to the MA group, NSAIDs and combined treatment group. The MA group received MA three times over three weeks. The NSAIDs group was administered orally with zaltoprofen 80mg t.i.d. over three weeks. The combined treatment group received MA and zaltoprofen in the same manner as MA and NSAIDs groups. The primary outcome was pain as assessed by a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the secondary outcomes were assessed using the Neck Disability index (NDI), EuroQol 5-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D), and Patients' Global Impression of Change scale (PGIC). Assessments were made at week 0 (baseline), 1, 2, 3 (primary end point) during treatment and at week 7 (4 weeks after the end of treatment). Results : 35 participants completed the study. No serious adverse event occurred and blood test results were within normal limits. The improvement of VAS and NDI was significantly greater in combined and MA group than that in NSAIDs group (p<0.017). The combined group showed better outcomes in EQ-5D at visit 2 and 5, in PGIC at visit 4 than the NSAIDs group (p<0.017). No significant differences were found between combined and MA group. Conclusions : Our results suggest that both combined and MA group can be more effective in improving pain control than NSAIDs group. A large-scale clinical study is warranted to further clarify these findings.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.129-137
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Postural Yinyang correction of the temporomandibular joint (functional cerebrospinal therapy) on temporomandibular disorder. Methods: Medical records of 21 outpatients were reviewed who were diagnosed with temporomandibular joint disorder, unspecified (K0769) and treated at the Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Dong-Eui University Korean Medicine Hospital from May $1^{st}$, 2017 to April $30^{th}$, 2018. Patients received more than 10 treatments of upper cervical manipulation and performed self-exercise therapy more than 3 times a day and wore an accurate balancing appliance in the oral cavity for more than 8 hours per day. To estimate the efficacy, visual analogue scale (VAS), numerical rating scale (NRS), maximum mouth opening (MMO), symptom intensity scale (SIS), max SIS (MSIS), symptom frequency scale (SFS), mandibular function impairment questionnaire (MFIQ) and 5-point Likert scale were used. Results: NRS and MSIS were significantly improved during each period. VAS, MMO, SIS, and SFS were significantly improved during each period, except the period from the $8^{th}$ to $10^{th}$ visit. MFIQ score was significantly improved during the period from the $1^{st}$ to $10^{th}$ visit. In the 5-point Likert scale, the results showed a high patient satisfaction with the treatment. Conclusion: These results showed that functional cerebrospinal therapy using an accurate balancing appliance, may be useful for reducing the symptoms of temporomandibular disorder.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.173-182
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• 2012

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic widespread pain with a low pain threshold. The aim of this study was to compare two criteria for the diagnosis and assessment of FM and to analyze the correlation and agreement between the 1990 and 2010 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) preliminary diagnostic criteria for FM. Methods: We studied 98 patients who had already been diagnosed as having FM using the 1990 criteria or 2010 preliminary criteria. Tender point examination, FM impact questionnaire (FIQ) and pain visual analog scale (VAS) were obtained. According to the preliminary criteria, FM was quantified as WPI (widespread pain index) and the SS scale (symptom severity) and the two criteria were compared. Results: Among 98 patients, 78.6% of the patients were diagnosed with the 1990 ACR criteria and 93.9% of the patients were diagnosed with the ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria, and there was also significant agreement between the two criteria (P < 0.01). There was a correlation with the WPI and the tender point, with the SS and the FIQ, and with the sum of the WPI and SS and the FIQ. Conclusions: The ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria for FM were in agreement with the 1990 ACR criteria during the disease course. The preliminary criteria were the more sensitive method than the 1990 criteria. In addition, the 2010 criteria might have advantages since it is easy to assess the physical and psychological symptoms and can be quantified. Therefore, the ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria for FM could be used more conveniently for clinical diagnosis and follow up evaluation after starting management of FM.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.45-55
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• 2011

Objectives : The main purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of Kyejibokryong-whan(Guizhifuling-wan) and examine the blood stasis for patients with motor vehicle accident. Methods : Of the patients who have visited Dong-Shin university oriental hospital for general pan due to motor vehicle accident from June 2010 to November 2010, we enrolled 29 patients and performed blood stasis diagnosis. Patients were divided into groups according to blood stasis findings. Patients who had more than twenty blood stasis diagnosis point were classified as blood stasis group. Patients who had under twenty blood stasis diagnosis point were classified as non blood stasis group. We administered Kyejibokryong-whan(Guizhifuling-wan) to all group. The effect was assessed by VAS(visual analogue scale), SF-MPQ(short form-McGill pain questionnaire) ODI(Oswestry disability index) & NDI(neck disability index). Results : The pain & function index decreased in both groups after treatment. Conclusions : The difference between blood stasis group and non blood stasis group were not significant at after treatment stage. This data suggested that the method of classifying blood stasis is useful and the Kyejibokryong-whan(Guizhifuling-wan) can be effective means that decrease pain caused by motor vehicle accident.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.34-38
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• 2009

Purpose: To evaluate the association of subacromial bursa inflammation with acromial shape and shoulder pain in subacromial impingement syndrome. Materials and Methods: 24 cases with subacromial impingement syndrome were reviewed. Eighteen patines were males and six females(mean age: 58.3 yrs). During arthroscopic operation, the specimens were taken from subacromial bursa with arthroscopic knife($1{\times}1$ cm size). The shape of acromion were classified according to Bigliani grading system. The shoulder pain of patients was graded with visual analog scale (VAS). The grade of inflammation was classified to the pathological three grade system (mild, moderate, severe) by pathohistological 8 factors. Results: Of total 24 cases, 9 cases were the pathological grade I and 15 cases were grade II. None was grade III. In the 9 cases of pathological grade I, 6 cases were the radiologic grade II of acromial shape and 3 cases were grade III. In the 15 cases of pathological grade II, 5 cases were the radiologic grade II and 10 cases were grade III. The VAS was 7 point at pathological grade I and 8 point at grade II. As the statistical analysis, the pathological grade of subacromial bursa was associated with acromial shape (p<0.05), but not associated with pain of patient (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study suggests that pathological grade of subacromial bursa inflammation was associated with acromial shape. But pathological grade of subacromial bursa inflammation was not associated with shoulder pain of patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.87-94
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to provide basic data in the control of depression found in patients with fibromyalgia by analysing the main factors that affect them. Method: The subjects were 207 out-patients in three university medical centers diagnosed with fibromyalgia according to the conditions by American College of Rheumatology (1990). Depression was measured by the CES-D Scale. Dependant variables, such as stress and anxiety were measured by the VAS Scale and physical activity was measured using 10(4-point-scale) questions developed by the researcher. The number of tender points was converted to scores based on the criteria of the ACR(1990) and of Yunus. Self-efficacy was measured by the Self-Efficacy Scale developed by Lorig et al. (1989) for arthritis patients. Result: The main factors that affect depression of patients with fibromyalgia were self-efficacy, anxiety, physical activity, tender points fatigue, and family support, which explained 49% of the depression. Conclusion: It has been confirmed that the regression equation model of this research may serve as a predictor of depression in patients with fibromyalgia.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.109-113
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• 2006

Objective : This study is to report the effect of Scolopendrid Herbal Acupuncture on a patient suffering from the pain of Hip Adductors after operation for hip fracture. Methods : First we had treated the patient with the pain of Hip Adductors by acupuncture and herb medication(活絡湯), but we did't get remarkable improvement in condition of patient. So we added to treat his pain site with Scolopendrid Herbal Acupuncture. And then we evaluated his pain by VAS(Visual Analog Scale). Results : 1. Scolopendrid Herbal Acupuncture had a very excellent effect on relieving pain and inflammation of Hip Adductors after operation for hip fracture. 2. It appears that Scolopendrid Herbal Acupuncture is very effective against Trigger Point of muscle and pain site fixed.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.127-135
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• 2010

목적 : 이 연구는 알레르기 비염 또는 비부비동염으로 인한 비폐색증에 대한 침치료의 효과를 입증하고, 신혈인 심의혈의 임상적 효과를 알아보고자 시도하였다. 방법 : 2009년 9월 22일부터 11월 3일까지 2회 이상 경희의료원 동서비염클리닉에 내원하여 침 치료를 받은 비염환자를 대상으로, 무작위배정방법에 따라 실험군 또는 대조군으로 배정하였다. 실험군은 routine 혈위인 신회 상성 신정 양두유 양찬죽 양지창에 심의혈을 추가하였고, 대조군은 routine 혈위에 양영향을 추가하였다. 유침 시간은 각 군에서 15분간으로 하였다. 유효성 평가 도구로는 SNOT-20를 사용하여 비염의 전반적 증상 점수 변화를 측정하였고, VAS를 사용 하여 비폐색 완화 효과의 정도를 측정하였다. 평가시기는 치료 전후로 하였고, 통계분석은 치료 전후 SNOT-20 차이의 경우 Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test로, VAS 비교는 Mann-Whitney Test를 이용하여 검정하였다.