• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.398-410
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• 2020

In this study, the contents of soluble vitamins B₁ (thiamin), B₂ (riboflavin), and B₃ (niacin) in 13 kinds of rice, 11 kinds of noodles, and 15 kinds of sauces were identified. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were checked to determine the reliability of the experimental results, and the accuracy of the results through the standard reference material (SRM 1849a) was verified to show excellent indicators. As for thiamin, japchaebab (stir-fried glass noodles with rice) was found to contain the highest content among rice dishes, makguksu (buckwheat noodles) among noodle dishes, and tomato spaghetti sauce among sauces. Riboflavin was identified as having the highest content in slightly spicy jajangbab (black-bean sauce with rice), bibimguksu (spicy noodles) for noodles, and spicy curry with turmeric for sauces. Niacin was highest in content in the deep and rich flavors of spicy chicken-fried rice, janchiguksu (banquet noodles), and black-bean sauce, respectively. As a result of checking the amount of recommended daily intake of water-soluble vitamins for Korean adult men and women, the highest content of riboflavin was 217.40% for men and 271.75% for women. Through this study, we are going to establish a database of nutrients for the water-soluble vitamins contained in rice, noodles, and sauces to provide the necessary dietary data concerning the content of the water-soluble vitamins contained in foods for daily recommended intake.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.74-82
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• 2017

This research presents the results of the strength and drying shrinkage properties to study the effect of ground granulated blast furnace slag(GGBFS), fly ash(FA) and calcium sulfoaluminate(CSA) for activated ternary blended slag cement. The activated ternary blended cement(ATBC) mortar were prepared having a constant water-cementitious materials ratios of 0.4. The GGBFS contents ratios of 100%, 80%, 70% and 60%, FA replacement ratios of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, CSA ratios of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% were designed. The superplasticizer of polycarboxylate type were used. The activator was used of 10% sodium hydroxide(NaOH) + 10% sodium silicate($Na_2SiO_3$) by weight of binder. Test were conducted for mini slump, setting time, V-funnel, water absorption, compressive strength and drying shrinkage. According to the experimental results, the contents of superplasticizer, V-funnel and compressive strength increases with an increase in CSA contents for all mixtures. Moreover, the setting time, water absorption ratios and drying shrinkage ratio decrease with and increase in CSA. One of the major reason for the increase of strength and decrease of drying shrinkage is the accelerated reactivity of GGBFS with alkali activator and CSA. The CSA contents is the main parameter to explain the strength development and decreased drying shrinkage in the ATBC.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.423-427
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• 1997

The effect of different treatments on the quality and yield of purified agar produced from Gelidium amansii has been studied, and the extraction condition ol agar produced from G. amansii has been examined. The contents of ash, sulfate in agar produced from g. amansii collected from different places were $2.63\~2.92\%\;and\;1.38\~1.78\%$, respectively. Yields and gel strength of agar produced from G. amansii collected from different places were $31.6\~46.8\%\;and\;496\~887g/cm^2$, respectively. It was effective to extract agar at $120^{\circ}C\;for\;2\~3hrs$. Agar was purified by D.W. washing, EDTA washing, chitosan treatment, CPC treatment, PEG treatment, ethanol precipitation, acetone precipitation and propanol precipitation. The mineral contents of agar produced from Gelidium amansii were Na (2934ppm), Ca (2472ppm), Mg (2259ppm), K (2527ppm), P1(81.1ppm), Fe (66.4ppm), Al (71.7ppm), Zn (29.7ppm) and Pb (ND: not detected), respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.244-245
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• 2003

고체나 액체 추진로켓에 비하여 하이브리드 추진 시스템은 작동조건의 안정성과 안전함등의 많은 장점을 가지고 있다. HTPB와 같은 고체연료는 제작 및 저장, 운송 그리고 장착상의 안정성을 가지고 있으며 하이브리드 로켓의 고체연료로의 산화제의 유입을 제어하면서 추력의 변화와 엔진내부의 연소중단과 재 점화를 용이하게 할 수 있다. 이러한 이유로 인하여 하이브리드 엔진은 좀 더 경제적인 장치로 기대를 모으고 있다. 그러나, 기존의 하이브리드 로켓 엔진은 고체 추진 로켓에 비하여 낮은 연료 regression 율과 연소효율을 가지는 단점이 있다. 이러한 단점을 해결하고 요구되어지는 추력값과 연료유량을 증가시키기 위하여 고체연료의 표면적을 증가시킬 필요가 있다. 기존의 하이브리드 엔진에서는 연료 그레인에 다수의 연소포트를 만들어 표면적을 증가시켰으나 이는 비 활용 공간의 증가와 추진제의 질량 및 체적분율의 상당한 감소를 초래한다. 지난 수십년간에 걸쳐 하이브리드 엔진에서 연료의 regression 특성 및 엔진 성능 향상을 위한 연구가 계속되어 왔으며 최근에 엔진의 체적 규제를 경감시키고 연료의 regression율을 향상시키기 위하여 선회유동을 이용하는 하이브리드 로켓 엔진들이 제안되고 있다. 이러한 선회유동을 가지는 하이브리드 로켓은 고체연료 그레인에 대하여 평행하게 유입되는 기존의 하이브리드 로켓에 비하여 고체연료 벽면에서의 대류열전달이 현저하게 증가하게 되어 아주 높은 고체연료의 regression율을 얻을 수 있는 이점이 있다. 선회유동 하이브리드 로켓의 연소과정은 고체 연료의 열분해과정, 대류 열전달, 난류 혼합, 난류와 화학반응의 상호작용, soot의 생성 및 산화과정, soot 입자 및 연소가스에 의한 복사 열전달, 연소장과 음향장의 상호작용 등의 복잡한 물리적 과정을 포함하고 있다. 이러한 물리적 과정 중 난류연소, 고체연료 벽면 근방에서의 대류 열전달 및 연소과정에서 생성되는 soot 입자로부터의 복사 열전달, 그리고 고체연료 열 분해시 표면반응들은 고체연료의 regression율에 큰 영향을 미친다. 특히 고체연료의 난류화염면의 위치와 폭, 그리고 비 예혼합 난류화염장에서 생성되는 soot의 체적분율의 예측은 난류연소모델, 열전달 모델, 그리고 regression율 모델에 의해 크게 영향을 받기 때문에 수치모델의 예측 능력 향상시키기 위하여 이러한 물리적 과정을 정확히 모델링해야 할 필요가 있다. 특히 vortex hybrid rocket내의 난류연소과정은 아래와 같은 Laminar Flamelet Model에 의해 모델링 하였다. 상세 화학반응 과정을 고려한 혼합분율 공간에서의 화염편의 화학종 및 에너지 보존 방정식은 다음과 같다. 화염편 방정식과 혼합분률과 scalar dissipation rate의 관계식을 이용하여 혼합분률과 scalar dissipation rate에 따른 모든 reactive scalar들을 구하게 된다. 이러한 화염편 방정식들을 mixture fraction space에서 이산화시켜서 얻은 비선형 대수방정식은 TWOPNT(Grcar, 1992)로 계산돼 flamelet Library에 저장되게 된다. 저장된 laminar flamelet library를 이용하여 난류화염장의 열역학 상태량 평균치는 presumed PDF approach에 의해 구해진다. 본 연구에서는 강한 선회유동을 가지는 Hybrid Rocket 연소장내의 난류와 화학반응의 상호작용을 분석하기 위하여 Laminar Flamelet Model, 화학평형모델, 그리고 Eddy Dissipation Model을 이용한 수치해석결과를 체계적으로 비교하였다. 또한 Laminar Flamelet Model과 state-of-art 물리모델들을 이용하여 선회 유동을 갖는 하이브리드 로켓 엔진의 연소 및 Soot 생성 및 산화과정을 살펴보았으며 복사 열전달이 고체 연료 표면의 regression율에 미치는 영향도 살펴보았다. 특히 swirl강도, 산화제의 유입위치 그리고 선회유동의 형성방식이 하이브리드 로켓의 연소특성 및 regression rate에 미치는 영향을 상세히 해석하였다.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.9-20
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• 1989

This study was taken to isolate transferrin fractions from the sera of tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus) by physico-chemical analyses such as the rivanol precipitation, iron-staining method, SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and $^{59}FeCl_3$ autoradiography, and to calculate gene frequencies by using Hardy-Weinberg Law. The results obtained in this experiment were summarized as follow : 1. The transferrin fraction is composed of several components possessing relative lower electrophoretic mobilities and higher molecular sizes than the albumin components. 2. When different staining method was compared with transferrin in band, it was not found difference. 3. It was concluded that the optimun ratio of rivanol to serum was 2 : 1 and this ratio was used in all further fractionation. 4. The molecular weight of transferrin component was about 70,000 $\pm$ 2,000. 5. Tilapia transferrin fractionations were found to be polymorphic. 6. There transferrin variants(A, B and C) have been found in tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus) and Tf types were assumed to be controlled by three codominant alleles Tf A, Tf B and Tf C. Six different phenotypes can be theoretically expected Tf AA, Tf AB, Tf AC, Tf BB, Tf BC, and Tf CC. Only five types of these were observed and Tf CC types(homozygotes) was not found. 7. The frequencies of the three allele Tf A, Tf B and Tf C were 0.795, 0.15 and 0.055 respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.12-31
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• 1999

Topex/Poseidon satellite altimetric data are used to estimate characteristics on the oceanic and atmospheric correction factors, and the mean sea level and its variations in the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea and the East Sea from September 1992 through August 1994(70cycles). For the atmospheric correction factors, the variations of dry troposphere, humid troposphere, ionosphere and inverted barometer were very small as a few centimeters, but the variations of electromagnetic bias were higher than other factors. For the oceanic correction factors, the variations of ocean tide(35cm in track 127 and 60cm in track 214) showed high ranges compared to elastic tide(5cm in track 127 and 1cm in track 214) and loading tide(1.8cm in track 127 and 1cm in track 214). It should be understood that the variations of ocean free surface is mainly under the influence of, firstly, ocean tide and, secondly, electromagnetic bias. Mean sea level in the Yellow Sea are higher than in the rest of Seas. Then its range generally comprised between -60cm and 210cm with mean value of about 100cm. Also its variations showed high values in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea, especially 5.689cm in Youngampo. This result is mainly due to the effects of local topography and tidal current.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.732-741
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• 2009

This study was carried out to identify lactic acid bacteria isolated from commercial Kimchi. Twelve lactic acid bacteria strains were isolated from Chinese cabbage kimchi (Baechu kimchi) that was fermented for 4 days at room temperature after making kimchi, 6 strains from pickled ponytail radishes (Chongkak kimchi) that was fermented for 2 days, and 15 strains in radish cube kimchi (Kaktugi) that was fermented for 5 days, and 23 strains were isolated in pickled Wakegi (Pa kimchi) that was fermented for 4 days. Eight strains among the lactic acid bacteria of 12 strains isolated from Baechu kimchi (pH 4.0) were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum, 1 strain as Leuconostoc lactis, 2 strains as Lactobacillus casei subsp. pseudoplantarum, and 1 strain as Lactobacillus sake. Three strains among the lactic acid bacteria of 6 strains isolated from Chongkak kimchi (pH 4.5) were identified as Leuconostoc paramesenteroides, 2 strains as Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides, and 1 strain as Lactobacillus plantarum. Two strains among the 15 strains isolated in Kaktugi (pH 4.0) were identified as Leuconostoc lactis, 3 strains as Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp dextranicum, 4 strains as Lactobacillus casei subsp. pseudoplantarum, and 4 strains as Lactobacillus coryniformis subsp. torquens. Twenty-two strains among the 23 strains isolated from Pa kimchi (pH 4.1) identified as L. plantarum and 1 strain was as Lactobacillus sake. From the results above, the dominant species of Baechu kimchi was confirmed as L. plantarum, Chongkak kimchi as L. paramesenteroides, Kaktugi as L. casei subsp. pseudoplantarum and L. coryniformis subsp. torquens, and Pa kimchi as L. plantarum.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.99-111
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• 2004

The present study aimed to investigate whether the expression of ADAM-8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17 and ADAMTS-1 genes is controlled by ovarian steroid hormones. Ovariectomized mice were injected with 17 ${\beta}$-estradiol ($E_2$), progesterone ($P_4$, or $E_2+P_4$. Uterine tissues were processed for RT-PCR and immunoblotting. The results of RT-PCR showed that administration of $E_2$ increases the level of ADAM-8, 12 and ADAM17 expression compared to $P_4$ or control group. In contrast, administration of $P_4$ markedly stimulated the expression of ADAM-9, 10, 15 and ADAMTS-1, whereas $E_2$ did not. Immunoblotting analysis using anti-mouse ADAM polyclonal antibodies demonstrated that $E_2$ alone or $E_2+P_4$ treatment results in the strong expression of ADAM-8, 12 and ADAM17 proteins but $P_4$ alone or control group gave weak expression. In contrast, $P_4$ alone or $E_2$ plus $P_4$ treatment increased the expression level of ADAM-9, 10, 15 and DAMTS-1 proteins. $E_2$ alone or control group did not increase the expression. These results indicate that expression of ADAM-8, 12 and ADAM17 genes is upregulated by $E_2$ and that of ADAM-9, 10, 15 and ADAMTS-1 gene is upregulated by $P_4$.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.233-256
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyse between foreign curriculum and our high school industrial technology subject-matter curriculum, to review trend and stream of curriculum revision, and purpose and content system of subject-matter. This study was conducted through reviewing literature; research reference, journal, book, and Web materials. in this study, comparative target country was restricted to Japan, U. S. A., U. K., and N. Z., Australia that administer to similar subject with our industrial technology subject-matter. The major finding of this study were as follows: 1. A similar subject-matter with our industrial technology subject0matter was Japan' 'foundation of industrial technology' and 'project research', U. S. A.' 'technology' and etc, U. K.' 'design and technology', and N. Z.' 'technology', 'New South Wales in Australia' design and technology'. 2. The result of analysis to purpose and strength of subject-matter, our' industrial technology subject-matter was oriented to knowledge, understanding and career search in industrial area. but, the other was emphasized technological problem solving by process-based method with thinking and action. 3. In the curriculum content, our country was treat to content area of a broad industrial world. on the other hand, Japan; relationship between human and technology, environment, process technology and product technology, project research. U. S. A.; technology content standards by knowledge, process and context, U. K., N. Z., and Australia were focused 'design process'. Based on above results, the recommendation can be established as follows: 1. A study on the implementation of industrial technology curriculum. 2. A study on the perception and need assessment of expert and stakeholder about purpose and content system. of industrial technology subject-matter.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.219-223
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• 1998

Anthers contanining uninucleate microspores of eight cultivars of pepper were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.004mg/L 2,4-D and 0.1mg/L kinetin, 3% sucrose and 0.2% Gelrite, kept at $35^{\circ}C$ for 24 h, and then cultured at $25^{\circ}C$ with a photoperiod of 16 h daylight for 40 days. Frequency of embryoid and callus formation was varied with cultivars. Embryoid formation was found in Cheongyang and Fushimi Amanaga, while callus formation was in California Wonder, Fushimi Amanaga and Geoseong. In anther culture medium supplemented with 1% activated charcoal, embryoid formation was found with 0.5% of frequency only in Cheongyang, while no callus formation was found. In 1/2MS medium, frequency of embryoid formation in Shishitou, Yatsufusa and Taka no Tsume was 1.2%, 0.4% and 0.4%, respectively. On the other hand, in 1/2 B5 medium, frequency of callus formation in Yatsufusa and Taka no Tsume was 2.8% and 2.7%, respectively. Embryoids transferred to hormone-free MS medium were developed to plantlets and acclimatized. The number of chromosomes in the root tip cells of the haploid plant was 2n=$\times$=12 in cv. Cheongyang.