• 한국ITS학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.445-454
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• 2008

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.67-80
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify hindlimb muscle atrophy in stroke induced rat and determine the effect of endurance exercise on body weight, weight of hindlimb muscle during 7 days after stroke induction. Thirty four male Sprague-Dawley rats with 200-270g body weight were divided into four groups : control, control+exercise(Con+Ex), stroke, and exercise after stroke(St+Ex) group. The control group and Con+Ex group received sham operation and the stroke group and St+Ex group received right MCA occlusion operation by using silicon-coated probe. The Con+Ex and St+Ex groups ran on a treadmill for 20min/day at 10m/min and $10^{\circ}grade$. Daily body weight and diet intake were measured every morning for 7 days. Cerebral infarction of stroke and St+Ex groups were identified by staining with TCC for 30minutes. The data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test using the SPSSWIN 9.0 program. Body weight of the control group at the 7th day increased by 18.3% significantly from the first day of experiment, that of the stroke group at the 7th day decreased by 6.7% significantly compared to the day of receiving right MCA occlusion operation. Body weight of the Con+Ex group at the 7th day increased by 10.3% significantly form the first day of experiment, that of St+Ex group at the 7th day also increased by 13.4% significantly compared to the day of receiving right MCA occlusion operation. The total amount of diet in stroke group decreased significantly compared to that of St+Ex and that of control group. In stroke group the wet weight of both sides of soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles decreased significantly compared to that of control group. The relative weight of affected(left) plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles decreased significantly compared to that of the control group. The difference between the weight of affected and unaffected soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles were not significant in stroke group. The wet weight of right gastrocnemius muscles in Con+Ex group increased compared to that of control group. The relative weight of right gastrocnemius muscle increased significantly compared to that of the control group. The wet weight of St+Ex group increased significantly compared to that of the stroke group in both sides of soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles. The relative weight of affected plantaris muscle increased significantly compared to that of the stroke group. The difference between the weight of affected and unaffected soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles were not significant in St+Ex group. Body weight and wet weight of soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles in the St+Ex group did not recover to the values of control group. Based on these results, it can be suggested that endurance exercise during acute stage of stroke can reduce muscle atrophy related to denervation, inactivity and undernutrition.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.1042-1047
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• 2018

The red algae Gracilaria vermiculophylla is widespread on seashores worldwide and has been used as food in Asian countries. Previous studies have reported that extracts of Gracilaria red algae have beneficial anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study examined the anti-senescence effects of Gracilaria vermiculophylla extracts (GV-Ex) in replicatively senescent human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). GV-Ex pretreatment improved the cellular viability of hBM-MSCs that had been injured by oxidative stress. These effects of GV-Ex were confirmed by MTT assay and immunoblot analysis using the apoptotic proteins p53 and cleaved caspase-3. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were examined in long-term cultured Passages 17 (P-17) mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and compared to P-7 MSC. The ROS accumulation was greater in the P-17 than in the P-7. However, these increased ROS levels in the P-17 were decreased significantly after treatment with GV-Ex, and restoration of the levels of the anti-oxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, and CAT was also observed under these conditions. In addition, P-17 hBM-MSC treated with GV-Ex had decreased levels of the senescence proteins p53, p21, and p16. The results show that the ability of P-17 hBM-MSC to differentiate into osteocytes and adipocytes was improved by GV-Ex treatment, suggesting that GV-Ex ameliorates the functional decline of senescent stem cells.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.221-263
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• 2009

This paper studies the behaviour of stock prices on the ex-dividend day in the Korean stock market. Since a majority of listed Korean firms are December firms whose fiscal year end in December and whose ex-dividend day falls on the same calendar day in the year, we use stock prices of Non-December firms to estimate the general stock price movements not related to cash dividends. We estimate excess returns on days around the ex-dividend day. Our major findings are (a) there is no tax clientele effect in Korea, (b) the opening price stock prices fell by the amount of the current cash dividend per share until 2001, but it does not fall as much as the current dividend per share since 2001. Furthermore, in contrast to the U.S. and the Japanese findings, (c) stocks earned negative excess returns on the ex-dividend day until 2001, after which all stocks are earning positive excess returns on the ex-dividend day, and (d) the closing stock price on the ex-dividend day that used to be even higher than the cum-dividend price until 2001 is lower than the opening stock price since 2001. The evidence suggests a structural break has happened around the year 2001.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.690-695
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• 2014

In this paper, we develop a explosion-proof LED lighting (Ex circuit) circuit of Explosion-proof LED Signal Lamp (Ex LSL) to utilize the core module of the explosion-proof Local Control System (Ex LCS) for offshore plant applications. And then analyzed its electrical, optical and thermal characteristics. Ex circuit was applied input voltage from AC/DC(12~254) V. In this experiments, stable light-on characteristics were confirmed by eyes for the every input voltages with min. 78,462 and max. $517,975cd/m^2$ of luminance. also Output current and output luminance was made proportional. Because the measured maximum surface temperature of Ex circuit was $54.23^{\circ}C$ at AC 48 V, Ex circuit was rated with T6 of temperature class. Finally, Ex circuit was shown stable light on characteristics under the $-50^{\circ}C$ and $60^{\circ}C$ during 12 hours of test period.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.284-291
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise (EX) and Korean red ginseng (KRG) on inflammation mechanism in aging model rats with diet-induced atherosclerosis. MATERIALS/METHODS: Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups: Young control (Y-C), Aging control (A-C), A-C with HFD (AHF), AHF with EX (AHF-EX), AHF-EX with KRG (AHF-EX+RG), and AHF with KRG (AHF-RG). Aging was induced by D-gal (100mg/kg) and atherosclerosis was induced by HFD (60% fat) for 9 weeks. The experimental rats were performed swimming (60 min/day, 5 days/week) and supplied KRG orally (dose of 200 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. All rat aorta samples were harvested for biochemical and immunohistochemical analyses. REULTS: The EX and KRG supplementation significantly inhibited body weight and levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, and enhance of HDL-C compared with untreated AHF groups. AHF-EX, AHF-EX+RG, and AHF-RG group showed a decreased plasma CRP and increase plasma NO activities compared to AHF group. In addition, these groups revealed reduced 4-HNE, NF-kB, TNF-, ${\alpha}$, IL-6, COX-2, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and enhanced eNOS expression in the aorta. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that EX alone, KRG alone, and combined treatment of EX and KRG may be an effective anti-inflammatory therapeutic for the atherosclerosis, possibly acting via the decreased of CRP and pro-inflammation proteins and the increased NO and eNOS.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.156-163
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• 2012

The price stabilization policies which require the underwriters to maintain post-IPO prices at some level (stabilization duty) or give put-back options to investors, have survived for eight years until June, 2006. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of price stabilization policies upon IPO underpricing in KOSDAQ. The study decomposes the influence of the price stabilization policies on IPO underpricing into ex-ante and ex-post effect. The price stabilization policies have shown to increase the IPO underpricing both at ex-ante and ex post bases. And the ex-ante effect is greater than ex-post effect. Among policies, the price stabilization duty magnifies the underpricing more than put-back option. This study differentiate from the precedented studies by including the whole period in which those policies are in act and by decomposing the IPO underpricing effects into ex-ante and ex-post bases.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.233-239
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• 2010

Phenolic acid concentrates of rice bran(RB-ex) and hydroxycinnamic acids were investigated for their anti-hyperglycemic activities through glucose uptake and glucokinase activity using HepG2 cells and stimulatory effects on insulin secretion using HIT-T15 cells. RB-ex was prepared as an ethylacetate extract after alkaline hydrolysis and hydroxycinnamic acids, found as major compositions of RB-ex, such as ferulic acid(FA), sinapic acid(SA) and p-coumaric acid(p-CA) were investigated to compare with the properties of RB-ex. The properties of glucose uptake in HepG2 cells were examined in the absence of insulin and two different glucose concentrations(5.5 mM and 25 mM). RB-ex and FA showed anti-hyperglycemic activities through the increase of glucose uptake and the stimulation of glucokinase activity in HepG2 cells. RB-ex exhibited higher glucose uptakes with higher glucose concentrations, whereas FA exhibited the same increasing effects on both concentrations of glucose. RB-ex and FA exhibited doubled glucokinase activities relative to control. In the presence of insulin in the 25 mM glucose-containing medium, the levels of glucose uptake were increased in all treatments compared with control. As stimulatory effects of samples on insulin secretion were estimated, RB-ex and FA stimulated insulin secretion at a concentration of 25 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and in particular, FA showed the highest amount of insulin-release in HIT-T15 cells. Antioxidative effects on HIT-T15 cells, RB-ex and hydroxycinnamic acids, excluding p-CA, showed inhibitory activities of 78% to 80% at a concentration of 100 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. On the basis of these results, we conclude that RB-ex and FA could help decrease blood glucose levels and prevent the cell damages via antioxidant activity.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.3
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• pp.299-315
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• 1994

In order to investigate the effects of Mangumtang(MT) and Gamimangumtang(GMT) experimental studies were performed in Ex.1(treated with cholesterol and administration of sample at a time) and Ex.2(administration of sample after the treatment of cholesterol). The results were summerized as follows : 1. The content of Total cholesterol in the serum was not significantly decreased in MT group, whereas in GMT group significantly decreased compared with control group in Ex.1 and all significantly decreased in MT group and GMT group in Ex.2. 2. The content of Triglyseride in the serum was all significantly decreased in MT group and GMT group in all case. 3. The content of Phospholipid in the serum was not significantly decreased in MT group, whereas in GMT group was significantly decreased compared with control group in Ex.1 or Ex.2. 4. The content of Free Fatty Acid in the serum was all significantly decreased in MT group and GMT group in all case. 5. The content of HDL-Cholesterol in the serum was tended to decreased compared with control group but did not show a significance in Ex.1 or Ex.2. 6. The content of LDL-Cholesterol in the serum was not significantly decreased in MT group and GMT group in Ex.1, whereas in Ex.2 not significantly decreased in MT group but significantly decreased in GMT group. According to the above results, it is assumed that Mangumtang and Gamimangumtang have a valid effect on Hyperlipidemia, especially Gamimangumtang have a more valid effect on prevention and cure of Hyperlipidemia.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.134-141
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• 2016

The DNA marker T1ex, originally developed from melon (Cucumis melo L.) for monoecy, was employed in chamoe, which is referred to as oriental melon. This marker shows size variations in monoecious melon. However, in chamoe, no such detrimental size variation was found in monoecious chamoe, and 99% association between flower phenotypes and genotypes of the T1ex marker was observed in 106 lines of chamoe. To evaluate the efficacy of the T1ex marker for marker-assisted selection (MAS), a total of 240 plants of chamoe breeding lines were screened using the T1ex marker. Among these, 98 varieties were selected. Although the T1ex marker might not be useful for MAS in melon, we found 100% concordance between genotypes and phenotypes for sex expression in chamoe. These results suggest that the T1ex marker will be a useful resource for MAS for monoecy in chamoe.