• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1333-1338
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• 2012

In order to measure the minute amount of Cu(II) in our environment, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square-wave stripping voltammetry (SWSV) were performed for a trace copper assay using bismuth immobilized on a carbon nanotube paste electrode. An analytical working range of 30 to $240{\mu}g/L$ Cu(II) was obtained for CV and SWSV. The SWSV precision obtained was 0.47 % (n = 15) RSD in $30.0{\mu}g/L$ Cu(II). The detection limit obtained was 3.1 ng/L Cu(II) using SWSV, while the CV yielded the nano-range detection limit through the pre-concentration step. By using this research method, Cu(II) value could be determined in the urine of human sample and in the brain of fish sample. This research can be effectively applied to other cases of measuring minute amount of Cu(II) in living organisms.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.421-429
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• 2020

This report describes the simultaneous detection of the two dyes most commonly used in food, tartrazine (TZ) and sunset yellow (SY), based on a microcomposite of carbon paste decorated with La₂O₃ and TiO₂. Anodic currents for SY-TZ were observed at 0.89-1.21 V by cyclic voltammetry (CV) separated with a ΔV of 0.32 V. The increased anodic peak currents compared to that of the unmodified carbon paste electrode were almost 50 and 41% for SY-TZ, respectively. The detection limits with the optimal amount of La₂O₃-TiO₂ were 0.02 and 0.03 µmol/L, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) based on fifty measurements was less than 3%. The versatility and novelty of the sensor were tested with food samples containing these substances and other substances.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.241-247
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• 2015

Lactate and ketone bodies are considered biological markers for ketosis and several inherited metabolic disorders. In the current study, the specific ratios of lactate and ketone bodies as analytical tools for differential diagnosis of various lactic acidosis were devised. The study included a protein precipitation step following tert-butyldimethylsilyl derivatisation. Total run time was approximately 30 min including sample preparation and GS/MS analysis. The limits of detection were below 0.1 pg/mL over the targeted 4 analytes. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of $0.001{\sim}250{\mu}g/mL$ for pyruvate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetoacetate ($R^2$ > 0.99). Inter-day accuracy and precision were 87.7~94.8% with RSD of 2.5~5.7% at 2 levels. Absolute recoveries (%) of target analytes were 87.0~98.4%. The method was validated for the quantification of lactate and ketone bodies for differentiation of lactic acidosis.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.693-698
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• 2002

A method has been described for the determination of Cu(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ), Ni(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ), Mn(Ⅱ) and Fe(Ⅲ) by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) after preconcentration on Amberlite XAD-16 resin, using hexamethyleneammonium-hexamethylenedithiocarbamate (HMA-HMDTC) as a chelating agent, and NH3/NH4Cl buffer solution (pH 9). Influences of various analytical parameters such as pH, concentration of nitric acid, amount of analytes, diverse ions and sample volume were investigated. The relative standard deviation (RSD) and the detection limit (LOD) were found in the range of 0.8-2.9% and 0.006-0.277 ㎍/mL,respectively. Recoveries obtained by the column method were quantitative ( >95%) at optimum conditions.The method was applied to the determination of some metal ions in seawater and wastewater samples. A high preconcentration factor (about 150 for seawater and 75 for wastewater samples) and simplicity are the main advantages of this suggested method.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.62.2-62.2
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• 2018

From the gaussian, near scale-invariant density perturbations observed in the CMB to the late time clustering of galaxies, CDM provides a minimal theoretical explanation for a variety of cosmological data. However accepting this explanation, requires that we include within our cosmic ontology a vacuum energy that is ~122 orders of magnitude lower than QM predictions, or alternatively a new scalar field (dark energy) that has negative pressure. Alternatively, modifications to Einstein's General Relativity have been proposed as a model for cosmic acceleration. Recently there have been many works attempting to test for modified gravity using the large scale clustering of galaxies, ISW, cluster abundance, RSD, 21cm observations, and weak lensing. In this work, we compare various modified gravity models using cosmic shear data from the Deep Lens Survey as well as data from CMB, SNe Ia, and BAO. We use the Bayesian Evidence to quantify the comparison robustly, which naturally penalizes complex models with weak data support. In this poster we present our methodology and preliminary constraints on f(R) gravity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1375-1380
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• 1989

Mobility reduction parameters are extracted using a method based on the exploitatiion of Id-Vg and Gm-Vg characteristics of short channel n-MOSFETs in strong inversion region at room temperature. It is found that the reduction of the maximum field effect mobility, \ulcornerFE,max, with the channel length is due to i) the difference between the threshold voltage and the gate voltage which corresponds to the maximum transconductance, and ii) the channel length dependence of the mobility attenuation coefficient, \ulcorner The low field mobility, \ulcorner, is found to be independent of the channel length down to 0.25 \ulcorner ofeffective channel length. Also, the channel length reduction, -I, the mobility attenuation coefficient, \ulcorner the threshold voltage, Vt, and the source-drain resistance, Rsd, are determined from the Id-Vg and -gm-Vg characteristics n-MOSFETs.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.81-86
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• 2003

The study was carried out to evaluate the new analytical method of phthalate esters(diethylphthalate, di-n-butylphthalate, butylbenzylphthalate, bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate), one of the endocrine disruptors, which were performed by GC/MS-SIM(selected ion monitoring). The phthalate esters were extracted from water samples using solid-phase extraction on $C_{18}$ columns. It investigated that the extraction recovery rate of phthalate esters with different solvents and solvent volume. The optimal solvent was dichloromethane and proper volume of dichloromethane for recovery of phthalate esters was 4 mL. There were good linearities(above $R^2$=0.9975) in the range 0.01~0.50mg/L, and the detection limits were below 0.01~0.03$\mu\textrm{g}$/L. The recovery rates, RSD and MDLs for phthalate esters were 80~114%, 5.0~8.1% and 0.03~0.11$\mu\textrm{g}$/L, respectively. This method shows a good precision of phthalate esters.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.217-227
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• 2017

In this study, the elimination of $Ni^{2+}$ using 13X sorbent due to an electrostatic interaction was reported. The significant factors including pH, time and 13X sorbent amount were investigated using Box-Behnken design (BBD). In the optimum experimental conditions, the linear rang and limit of detection of the proposed method were 0.1-20 and $0.102mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively. The precision as RSD% was 1.3% for concentration of $2mg\;L^{-1}$. Concerning the excellent recoveries in a short time with highly efficient sample clean-up and removal, this method may be a very powerful and innovative future sample removal technique. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on using BBD for optimizing the parameters affected the removal of $Ni^{2+}$ by 13X zeolite sorbent.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.626-630
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• 2012

Diagnosis with an ex-vivo gold sensor was done using a modified fluorine-doping sensor, and cyclic voltammetry (CV) redox potentials of 0.4 V anodic and -0.2 V cathodic were obtained. Both peak currents were optimized using square-wave (SW) stripping voltammetry, and an analytical working range of 10-80 ug/L SW was attained. The precision of the 10-mg/L Au was 0.765 (n=8) RSD under the optimum conditions, and the analytical detection limit approached 0.006 ug/L (S/N=3) with only a 60 sec accumulation time. The developed method was used to examine the mouse droppings for medicinal diagnosis.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.180-184
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• 2010

The simple and accurate method was established for the simultaneous determination of (-)-menthone and (-)-menthol in Menthae herba obtained from Korea and China. A quantitative analysis was performed with a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector and reference compounds were separated on a capillary HP-Innowax column (30 m $\times$ 0.23 mm, 0.50 ${\mu}m$, Agilent, MA, USA). The correlation coefficients of the compounds showed good linearity ($r^2$ > 0.9997) over the linear range. The precision, repeatability and stability showed less than 1.7% of relative standard deviation (RSD) values for two compounds. Recovery rates were within the range of 95.72 - 103.76%. The method was applied successfully to analyze 15 samples of Menthae herba and achieved sufficient and specific separation of reference compounds. The principal component analysis (PCA) exhibited the classification of 15 samples according to their locations of origin.