• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 2012

This study was conducted to examine the effects of the seeding rate on the disease incidence of sharp eyespot(Rhizoctonia cerealis) on three different varieties and to select effective chemicals to control the disease. When the seeds were sown twice as many as the recommendation, the disease incidence increased by approximately 13%. However, the susceptible variety 'Jopummil' alone showed the significantly enhanced disease incidence at a two-fold seeding rate. Two chemicals such as Hexaconazole EC and Tebuconazole EC highly inhibited the fungal growth on agar medium. However, two strobilurin fungicides such as Pyraclostrobin EC and Trifloxystrobin SC were relatively weak. The fungicides tested displayed the similar in vivo antifungal activities as in vitro activities. Hexaconazole EC and Tebuconazole EC showed the strongest both protective and curative activities and the protective activities of the chemicals were generally higher than the curative activities. Hexaconazole EC and Tebuconazole EC controlled the disease by 64% and 73%, respectively, and the two chemicals reduced the disease by 45% and 39%, respectively, when they were applied one day after pathogen inoculation. These results indicate that both Hexaconazole EC and Tebuconazole EC could be used to control sharp eyespot on wheat.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2003

Different ages of the ginsengs were collected from the three soil areas, such as granite, phyllite and shale of Keumsan, with their field soils. Of the soils, phyllite and shale areas are high in the Ni, Cr, Co, Sc, V, As, Cu and Zn contents while the granite areas are low in the W, Pb, Th, U, Sn and Be contents. In the correlation coefficient of the soils, positive and negative relationships of the elements are mainly high in the shale and low in the granite area. Comparing between 2- and 3- year ginsengs, 2-year ginsengs are mainly high in most elements, especially for the granite and phyllite areas. In the regional comparisons among the same ages, the granite areas are mainly low and high in the shale area for the most of the elements. Comparisons among the parts of ginsengs suggest high contents in the most of the elements at the upper parts. In the comparisons between the top soils and ginseng compositions, top soils are mainly high and show similar increase/decrease trends between them. Following the transitional element contents, the granite area is best for the ginseng cultivation while , among the three areas, the shale area is worst.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.1 no.3_4
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• pp.197-200
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• 1968

Using the $Methionine-2-C^{14}$, the metabolism of methionine to the experimental rats on rice diet was studied comparing with that to the rats on stock diet in this paper. The National Institute of Health strain of weaning albino rats were housed into the individual cages deviding into 2 groups, the rice diet (RD) group and the stock diet (SD) group, and fed on rice diet and stock diet respectively for 10 weeks. On the day of experiment, the rats were parenterally administered. the $methionine-2-C^{14}$ solution after fasting over night. And then the rats were sacrificed by ether anesthesia by time being of one, three, six, and twelve hours each and the organs, pituitary gland, pancreas, spleen, liver, and kidney, were taken out for the determinations of radioactivities. And also the excretion of radioactivities through urine were determined by time being. The radioactivities were determined by Autoscaler SC-51 using the planchets. The results of radioactivities of urine excretion were shown at table 3 and the results of radioactivities distibutions in the organs by time being after parenteral administration of $methionine-2-C^{14}$ were shown table 4 in the original paper. According to the results, the following are summarized; 1. The growth experiment result of rats on. rice diet and stock diet were same as shown by the previous workers indicating significant growth inhibition at the rice diet group. 2. Due to the result of radioactivity excretion through urine after administration of $methionine-2-C^{14}$, it might he considered that methionine in the rice diet seems to be limited. However, it seems to be not 주 mostly limited. 3. And due to the results of radioactivity distribution in the organs by time being, the radioactivity in the liver tissue showed appearently higher readings at this methionine study compared with the results at the lysine study shown by HAW and his co-worker. This might be interpreted, though it is not clear, that liver might require methionine as a deficient amino acid at the tissue because methionine is limited at the rice diet.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.720-726
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• 2000

The analytic gradient method for the equation-of-motion coupled-cluster singles and doubles (EOM-CCSD) energy has been extended to employ a reduced molecular orbital (MO) space. Not only the innermost core MOs but also some of the outermost virtua l MOs can be dropped in the reduced MO space, and a substantial amount of computation time can be reduced without deteriorating the results. In order to study the magnitudes and trends of the effects of the dropped MOs, the geometries and vibrational properties of the ground and excited states of BF, CO, CN, N2, AlCl, SiS, P2, BCl, AIF, CS, SiO, PN and GeSe are calculated with different sizes of molecular orbital space. The 6-31 G* and the aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets are employed for all molecules except GeSc for which the 6-311 G* and the TZV+f basis sets are used. It is shown that the magnitudes of the drop-MO effects are about $0.005\AA$ in bond lengths and about 1% on harmonic frequencies and IR intensities provided that the dropped MOs correspond to (1s), (1s,2s,2p), an (1s,2s,2p,3s,3p) atomic orbitals of the first, the second, and the third row atoms, respectively. The geometries and vibrational properties of the first and the second excited states of HCN and HNC are calculated by using a drastically reduced virtual MO space as well as with the well defined frozen core MO space. The results suggest the possibility of using a very smalI MO space for qualitative study of valence excited states.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2011

Eoil basalt in the Eoil basin and Yeonil basalt and its related volcanic rocks in Guryongpo and Daebo area were researched and analyzed to purse the tectonic settings and magma characteristics of those Tertiary volcanic rocks in the south-east Korean peninsula. It is highly suggested that zoning, resorption and sieve texture in plagioclase and reaction rim in pyroxene indicate unstable tectonic environments and complex volcanism in the study area. Volcanic rocks from Janggi basin are identified as basalt and basaltic andesite in TAS diagram and sub-alkaline series in terms of magma differentiation. $Na_2O$ and $K_2O$ show positive trend however FeO, CaO, MgO and $P_2O_5$ indicate negative trend in Harker variation diagram with $SiO_2$. Basaltic rocks from Eoil area are identified as calc-alkaline series in AFM diagram and show medium K series calc-alkaline in $K_2O-SiO_2$ diagram. Compatible trace elements of Co, Ni, V, Zn, and Sc in Yeonil basalt show negative trend with crystallization but incompatible trace element of Ba, Rb show positive trend with $SiO_2$ 0.81~1.00 of $Eu/Eu^*$ value suggests minor effect of plagioclase fractionation in Yeonil basaltic rocks. Plagioclase composition of Eoil basalt ranges from $An_{63.46-98.38}\;Ab_{1.62-32.96}\;Or_{0-3.58}$ (anorthite-labradorite) in core to $An_{40.89-82.44}\;Ab_{17.10-46.43}\;Or_{0-12.68}$ (bytownite-labradorite) in rim. $^{87}Sr/^{86}Sr$ and 143Nd;t44Nd ranges 0.704090~0.704717 and 0.512705~0.512822 respectively. Negative linear trends in 87Sr/86Sr and $^{143}Nd/^{144}Nd$ correlation diagram indicate that magma produced Yeonil basalt and basaltic andesite has been originated as partial melting product of mantle wedge by subducting Pacific plate affected by oceanic crust with less effect of continental crust indicating calc-alkaline magma characteristics.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.37-48
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• 2010

This study analyzes the present condition of the elements of a healing environment of the waiting rooms in outpatient clinics of children' hospitals (3 hospitals in Seoul) so as to propose a design to build a healing environment within the children' hospital. And analyzing the importance, satisfaction and preference of the healing environment in the waiting rooms, this paper has come to the following conclusions: 1)The study shows that the space structure of outpatient clinics in children' hospitals are composed of 1 story or 2 stories and designed in a duplication design or a dispersed alcove design. 2)The waiting room of the SC Hospital, with an area of 66.56$m^2$, and the waiting room of the SU Hospital, with an area of 38.78$m^2$ received the highest score for its space. 3)As most patients visit the hospital with their guardian, the waiting room should also be someplace families can rest and share information with others. 4)It is essential to build an environment that eliminates stress elements that patients may come to face by minimizing noise and elements that obstruct the view for mental stability. 5)The results show that those who took part in the survey preferred the following, respectively, healing environment design for the waiting room in the outpatient clinic at children' hospital: Pleasantness>Easiness in finding one' destination>Artificial materials>Natural materials>Environment like that at home>Co-promotion spaces>Space that supports the patients'activities>Openness>Sociality>Safety/Security>Approachability and Privacy. The results also show that healing conditions respect these preferences.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2002

A total of 4 muddy sediment samples collected from the Central Yellow Sea were analyzed for chemical composition. The results are compared with the previously published Huanghe, Changjiang and Keum River geochemical data in order to understand provenance and sedimentation of fine-grained mud, and the sediment accumulation rates estimated. The sandy sediment facies is distributed in the eastern area, a patch of fine-grained mud exists in the western central prat, and the sandy mud and clay sedimentary facies shot. north to south zonal distribution in the central region. The content of calcium carbonate ranges from 2.8 to 10.5%, and its distributional trends to be more concentrated on the western muddy sediments near toward the China side rather than on the eastern sandy sediments. The accumulation rates obtained using Pb-210 geochronologies for the muddy sediments in the Central Yellow Sea showed ranges from 0.21 to 0.68 cm/yr or 0.176 to 0.714 g/$\textrm{cm}^2$. yr. The sedimentation rate from core CY96010 located in the eastern near side of Shandong Peninsula which is affected by the Huanghe River shows 0.68 cm/yr or 0.714 g/$\textrm{cm}^2$ . yr. The sediment cores CY96008 and CY96002 in the Central Yellow Sea, the estimated of sediment accumulation rates shows 0.21~0.23cm1yr or 0.176~0.220 9/$\textrm{cm}^2$.Vr respectively, which are much lower than above samples. These indicate that the muddy sediments in central area of the Yellow Sea may have received influence of the sediment discharge from the Huanghe River. The concentrations of Ca, Na, Sr, Ho, La, Tb, Ta and Ca/Ti ratio of the muddy sediments in the Central Yellow Sea are higher than those of the Changjiang sediments and lower than those of the Huanghe sediments. However, these element values showed similar concentration patterns than those of the Huanghe sediment. The element contents such as Fe, Ti, Nl, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Sc, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Cd and Dy in the study area are higher than those of the Huanghe sediments and lower than the Changjiang River sediments, but these values showed close to resemblance content trends those of the Changjiang sediment. The concentration of Mn, K and Sr in sediments of the study area are similar to those of the Keum River and eastern Yellow Sea sediment. They are rich in Zn, Rb, Cd, U, Cs and Li than those of the other comparison legions. Therefore, the terrigenous materials sources of the muddy sediment in the Central Yellow Sea comes mainly from Huanghe River in the past and present, and also have party derived from the Changjiang and Keum River, while the biological deposit in this area are carried by the Yellow Sea Warm Current.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.253-258
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• 2006

This paper aims to measure and evaluates the technical efficiency with two inputs and four outputs with the use of fuzzy DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) in Korean RCC(Rescue Co-ordination Center)/RSC(Rescue Sub-Center). Especially, this paper included not only the marine accident data which occurred for the analysis in particular but also the possibility data of a potential marine accident by an Environmental Stress value and analyzed the technical efficiency. And in this paper, asymmetrical triangular fuzzy number is presented about inputs/ outputs data and a procedure is suggest for it solution. The basic idea is to transform the fuzzy CCR model into a crisp linear programming problem by applying an alternative ${\alpha}-cut$ approach. Also this paper propose a ranking method for fuzzy RCC/RSC using presented fuzzy DEA approach. The result, when ${\alpha}-cut$ is 0.5, efficiency priority should be in order to YS, BS, MP, TS, JJ, PH, US, IC, SC, DR, GS, TA, WD RCC/RSC. Finally, Inefficiency TA, WD RCC/RSC have to benchmarking with reference sets.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.207-212
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• 2007

This paper aims to measure and evaluate the technical efficiency with two inputs and four outputs with the use of fuzzy DEA in Korean RCC/RSC. Especially, this paper included not only the marine accident data which occurred for the analysis in particular but also the possibility data of a potential marine accident by an Environmental Stress value and analyzed the technical efficiency. And in this paper, asymmetrical triangular fuzzy number is presented about inputs/ outputs data and a procedure is suggested for it's solution. The basic idea is to transform the fuzzy CCR model into a crisp linear programming problem by applying an alternative ${\alpha}$-cut approach. Also this paper propose a ranking method for fuzzy RCC/RSC using presented fuzzy DEA approach. The result, when ${\alpha}$-cut is 0.5, efficiency priority is found in the order of YS, BS, MP, TY, JJ, PH, US, IC, SC, DH, GS, TA, WD RCC/RSC. Finally, Inefficiency TA, WD RCC/RSC have to benchmarking with reference sets.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.17-26
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• 2013

ISO/IEC 29157 originally developed in the Republic of Korea and is based on commercially available PicoCast v1.0. ISO/IEC JTC1 SC6 was registered by the international standard on May 2010. A single platform for a variety of applications and media formats to support development objectives were. ISO/IEC 29157 based wireless networks, ie, Pico-net to master node periodically transmit sync signal is synchronized to the number of slave nodes have the communications structure. Pico-net also supports a variety of network topologies and direct communication between nodes(single-hop communication) and QoS is guaranteed. But Pico-net network structure has the following problems. Loss of communication problems due to mobile nodes, resulting in limitations of node mobility and wireless network operation range of conventional wireless networks operating range less than 1/4 was reduced to the problem. In this paper, a possible solution to the problems mentioned is proposed, using multi-hop communication technology and sync signal transmission technology between nodes.