• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.994-1001
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• 2007

Numerical analysis has been carried out to investigate air-side convective heat transfer characteristics in a compact heat exchanger with circular tubes and continuous plate fins. Simulation results such as air velocity and temperature distributions are presented, and heat transfer coefficients are compared with previous experimental correlations. Three models of standard and RNG $k-{\varepsilon}$, and Reynolds stress are applied for turbulence model applicability. Predicted heat transfer coefficient from the models of standard and RNG $k-{\varepsilon}$ are very close to those of the heat transfer correlations while there are relatively large difference, more than 17 percentage in the result from the Reynolds stress model. From the calculated results a correlation for Colburn j factor in the compact heat exchanger system is suggested.

• 에너지공학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.333-340
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• 1999

과냉수에서의 난류 증기응축 제트에 대한 수치해석 연구가 수행되었다. 증기와 과냉수 사이에 국부 균질유동을 가정하고 난류 특성은 난류 확산화염에서 사용되는 $textsc{k}$-$\varepsilon$-g 모델을 사용하여 증기응축 유동 현상에 대한 물리적 모델을 제안하였다. 즉, 난류는 난류 운동 에너지와 운동 에너지 소멸률로 모사되고 증기와 과냉수의 혼합률비에 대한 평균값과 변동량에 대한 미분 방정식을 추가하여 직접 풀고 혼합률비에 확률분포 함수를 적용하여 열역학 변수의 평균값을 구한다. 증기 질량 유속, 과냉수 온도와 노즐 직경을 변화시키며 증기응축제트의 특성을 해석하였다. 본 해석에 사용된 모델을 평가하기 위해 기존의 실험 데이터를 사용해서 수치해석 결과와 실험치를 비교하여 만족할 만한 결과를 얻었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1569-1580
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• 2001

A new nonlinear near-wall turbulence model is developed to predict turbulent flow and heat transfer in strongly nonequilibrium flows. The k-$\varepsilon$-f$\sub$${\mu}$/, model of Park and Sung$\^$(1)/ is extended to a nonlinear formulation. The stress-strain relationship is the thrid-order in the mean velocity gradients. The strain dependent coefficients are obatined from the realizability constraints and the singular behavior at large strains. An improved explicit heat flux model is proposed with the aid of Cayley-Hamilton theorem. This new model includes the quadratic effects of flow deformations. The near-wall asymptotic behavior is incorporated by modifying the f$\sub$λ/ function. The model performance is shown to be satisfactory.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.824-834
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• 1999

Characteristics of two-phase flow and heat transfer were numerically investigated in a submerged gas injection system when temperature of the injected gas was different from that of the liquid. The Eulerian approach was used for both the continuous and dispersed phases. The turbulence in the liquid phase was modeled using the standard $k-\varepsilon$$\varepsilon$ turbulence model. The interphase friction and heat transfer coefficient were calculated from the correlations available in the literature. The turbulent dispersion of the phases was modeled by a "dispersion Prandtl number". In the case with heat transfer where the temperature of the injected gas is higher than the mean liquid temperature, the axial and the radial velocities are lower in comparison with the case of homogeneous temperatures. The results in the present research are of interest in the design and operation of a wide variety of material and chemical processes.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.157-166
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• 1999

Numerical calculations of turbulent natural convection in an enclosure of the 20 kYA oil-immersed transformer model are presented. The transformer is modelled as two concentric cylinders with different heights and diameters. The thermal boundary layers are well represented in the temperature distributions along the wall of the transformer model. The flow stratification between the hot and cold walls can not be seen in the transformer model. The turbulence eddy viscosity has its maximum at the center of the core and its maximum values at the top of the core are larger than those at the bottom of the core.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.541-550
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• 1997

Computational and experimental investigations on the three-dimensional flowfield through an automotive cooling fan are carried out in this work. Steady, incompressible, three-dimensional, turbulent flow through a rotating axial-flow fan is analyzed with Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations and standard k-.epsilon. turbulence model. The governing equations are discretized with finite-volume approximations in non-orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. Computational static pressures on the casing wall agree well with the experimental data which are measured in this work. And, they are sensitive to the change of tip clearance. The flowfield is not significantly affected by the thickness of the blade. The k-.omega. model gives the static pressure rise on the casing wall which is similar to that with the k-.epsilon. model.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제56권spc1호
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• pp.1059-1069
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• 2023

댐붕괴흐름은 댐이 갑자기 붕괴하여 제어가 어려운 상태의 고속흐름이 방출되는 현상이다. 이 연구에서는 3차원의 댐붕괴흐름을 모의하기 위해 OpenFOAM을 사용하여 층류 및 난류 모델을 적용하고 그 결과를 비교하였다. 난류 모의를 위해 레이놀즈 평균 나비에-스토크스 (Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) 모델, 구체적으로 k-ε 모델을 사용하였다. 수리모형실험과 함께 수정된 다층 블록 장애물 시나리오를 대상으로 두 가지 모델을 평가하였다. 두 모델 모두 댐붕괴흐름을 효과적으로 재현하였으며, 난류 모델은 흐름의 변동성을 감소시키는 역할을 보여줬다. 그러나 난류 모델에서의 과도한 에너지소산은 수위를 과소 평가하게 하는 것으로 나타났다. 수치기법 및 격자 해상도를 개선하여 적용한 결과 흐름재현성이 향상되었는데 이는 특히 구조물 근처의 난류흐름에서 두드러졌다. 모델 안정성의 경우 난류모델의 사용여부보다는 수치기법 및 격자 해상도의 개선에 더 크게 영향을 받았다. k-ε 모델에 내재된 시간평균처리의 특성은 불연속성과 불안정성이 두드러진 댐붕괴흐름을 재현하는 데 한계가 있음을 나타냈다. RANS 모델을 포함한 난류모의는 방대한 계산자원이 필요하지만, 층류 모델과 비교하여 성능 향상이 제한적이었다. 댐붕괴흐름을 정확히 재현하기 위해 LES (Large Eddy Simulation) 및 DNS (Direct Numerical Simulation)과 같은 고급 난류 모델의 사용이 권장되며, 이를 위해서는 미세한 공간 및 시간 스케일의 구성이 필수적이다. 이 연구를 통해 댐붕괴흐름을 모의할 때 기본적으로 사용할 수 있는 주요 접근법과 적용가능성을 측정하였으며, 구조물 근처에서 난류흐름에 대한 정확한 표현의 중요성을 강조할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.2265-2272
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• 2004

The aquaculture tank is used for breeding fish in sea water which was pumped up to land. The flow characteristics in the aquaculture were investigated with varying the tank geometry and flow rate. The numerical analysis has been employed for calculating the velocity and temperature distributions in a water tank of rectangular type. The finite volume method and SIMPLE algorithm with 3-dimensional standard $\kappa$-$\varepsilon$ turbulence model were used for the numerical analysis. For comparison with experimental results, the PIV system was applied to visualize the flow patterns quantitatively. The numerical results showed good agreements with the experimental results. The mean velocity and temperature versus aquarium depth were represented for various circulating flow rates. Especially, the aquaculture environment is recommended that the aquarium depth has to be d=0.5 m, and this case is the condition of higher velocity and temperature in winter season.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2005년도 제25회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.450-454
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• 2005

축대칭 동축형 램제트 연소기에 대한 반응 유동장 해석을 수행하였다. 2차원 축대칭 Wavier-Stokes 방정식과 낮은 레이놀즈 수 $k-\varepsilon$ 난류 모델을 이용하였고, 유한반응률 화학반응 모델을 적용하였다. 난류 연소 모델인 EDM (Eddy-Dissipation Model)과 층류 반응 모델을 적용한 경우를 서로 비교하였다. 급확대 연소기와 wedge형 보염기를 장착한 동축형 램제트 연소기에 대한 반응 유동장 수치해석을 통해 두 가지 결과를 화염안정 측면에서 서로 비교하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.26-37
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• 1994

In this study, flow of a model intake port/valve system is analyzed by using low Reynolds number $k-{\varepsilon}$ model. Discharge coefficient was obtained from computational results for the various cases of valve lifts. Discharge coefficient becomes maximum when the valve lift is 20mm, and does not increase or decrease in proportional to valve lift. Most of pressure drop and production of turbulent kinetic energy occur at the edge points of the valve and the valve seat Thus, in order to improve discharge coefficient, rounding of edge points in valve and valve seat is recommended. As valve lift is increased, the velocity of the intake jet in the valve passage decreases, and the direction of the jet is more inclined toward the valve seat.