• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.253-259
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• 1996

To investigate the yeast florae in the traditional and commercial Kochujang, computer identification systems, Vitek, API kit and conventional identification methods were used. Yeast florae of each process were compared and their typical physiological characteristics were also tested. Various process intervals yielded 330 colonies, which resulted in 11 species 184 strains classified. They were identified into Candida glabrata C. guilliermondii. C. humicola. C. rugosa, C. zeylanoides, Cryptococcus uniguttulatus, Pichia farinosa, Rhodotorula glutinis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. The strains of Candida, Pichia, Saccharomyces and Zygosaccharomyces were existing in both processes. In case of commercial process, the maximum distribution of Z. rouxii and S. cerevisiae were 33% at 15 day fermentation and 13% at 21 day, respectively. The distribution of Candida spp. was gradually decreased throughtout the fermentation period from 40% to 10%. In the traditional process, the maximum distribution of Z. rouxii and S. cerevisiae were 53% after 3 months and 26% after 7 months, respectively, S. cerevisiae and Z. rouxii showed distintive growth pattern at the high concentration of glucose and sodium chloride and played important roles in both processes of fermentation. Physiological tests revealed that only two major yeasts. S. cerevisiae and Z. rouxii, showed vigorous carbon dioxide formation under the tested conditions.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.593-599
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the microleakage of class V composite resin restorations utilizing the different curing lights, to assess the flowable resin, $Filtek^{TM}Flow$(3M Dental Products, USA) and composite resin, $Filtek^{TM}Z250$(3M Dental Products, USA) which need 20s curing time for halogen light could replace $Z100^{TM}$ Restorative(3M Dental Products, USA) for the microleakage, and to evaluate the effect of adhesive resin on marginal microleakage. Light curing units used in this study were conventional halogen light, XL3000(3M Dental Products, USA) and plasma arc light, Flipo(Lokki, France). Class V cavities were prepared and each cavity was filled with each composite resin. After being filled, the teeth were stored in distilled water, polished, thermocycled and soaked in 1% methylene blue solution. Following results were obtained from evaluation of the sectioned surface. 1. There was no statistically significant difference in microleakage of $Filtek^{TM}Flow$ and $Filk^{TM}Z250$ between two kinds of curing units(p>0.05). 2. Flowable resin, $Filtek^{TM}Flow$ showed more microleakage than Z100 and $Filtek^{TM}Z250$ regardless of curing units(p<0.05). 3. Adhesive resin reduced the microleakage of composite resin in both halogen light and plasma arc light(p<0.05).

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.110-115
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• 2012

Samples with nominal compositions of $RuSr_2(Eu_{1.34-x}Tb_xCe_{0.66})Cu_2O_z$ (x = 0, 0.67) were prepared and their superconductivity and magnetic properties were compared to shed light on the effect of Tb substitution for Eu. X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that the Tb substitution resulted in a decrease in both a and c lattice parameters in consistent with ionic size difference between Eu and Tb. Contrary to the Tb-free sample, no superconducting transition behavior is observed in the Tb-sustituted sample. It is also found that the Tb substitution for Eu significantly increases the weak-ferromagnetic component of the field-cooled magnetic susceptibility as well as an increase in the magnetic ordering temperature. These results suggest that the magnetic state of the Ru sublattice is significantly affected by the Tb substitution for Eu.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.42.1-42.1
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• 2013

GRB 100205A is a Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) which is suspected to be at $11{\leq}Z{\leq}13.5$ due to its very red H-K color ($(H-K)_{vega}=2.1{\pm}0.5$). We observed a field centered at GRB 100205A with the Wide Field Camera (WFCAM) at the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT) in Hawaii, so as to find a 11 < z < 13 quasar that could be located around the GRB. The images were obtained in J, H, and K filters covering a square area of 0.75 $deg^2$ to the depths of 22.5, 21.4, and 20.2 in Vega magnitude at $5{\sigma}$, respectively. Also using a z-band image observed by MegaCam in Canada France Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), we found 12 candidates that have colors consistent with a quasar at 11 < z < 13 with two criteria; (1) non-detection in z-, J-bands and $(H-K)_{vega}$ > 1.6 (2) only detection in K-band with $(Hlimit-K)_{vega}$ > 1.6. However, we also find 627 red ($(H-K)_{vega}$ > 1.4) objects that are likely to be old or dusty galaxies at $z{\leq}3$, so the 12 candidates could be these red objects. These red objects are found to be strongly clustered in the Ultra Deep Survey (UDS) fields of UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS) than those in the GRB 100205A field. We suggest a lack of a strongly clustered region surrounding an extremely high-redshift GRB with some limitations.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.223-232
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• 1995

Abstract Urea($(NH_2)_2CO$) and THAMP (Tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane phosphate) are new organic nonlinear optical materials (NLO) for the device application such as the frequency conversion of laser radiation. The single crystals of urea and THAMP have been grown by the falling temperature method and the temperature difference method. The crystal growth parameters were presented associated with the molphology of the grown crystals. Based on the solubility measurements, methanol was a suitable solvent for the growth of urea. The solubilities of urea have a positive temperature coefficient and the heat of solution of urea was estimated to be -2.58 kcal/mol. The grown crystals of urea have the preferential growth habit in the z-axis. Additives such as $NH_4_H_2PO_4$, KCL, $H_3PO_4$, $CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$, $C_2H_5OH$ were used for the favourable growth in the x - and y-axis and the preventive growth in the z-axis. The moleratio of THAM and H3P04 for the solution of THAMP was 1 : 1. The solubilities of THAMP have a positive temperature coefficient. The heat of solution was estimated to be - 1.70 kcal/ mol.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• v.14
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• pp.38-38
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• 2004

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.1859-1868
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• 2018

In the present paper, we have proved the sharp inequality ${\mid}H_{3,1}(f){\mid}{\leq}4$ and ${\mid}H_{3,1}(f){\mid}{\leq}1$ for analytic functions f with $a_n:=f^{(n)}(0)/n!$, $n{\in}{\mathbb{N}},$, such that $$Re\frac{f(z)}{z}>{\alpha},\;z{\in}{\mathbb{D}}:=\{z{\in}{\mathbb{C}}:{\mid}z{\mid}<1\}$$ for ${\alpha}=0$ and ${\alpha}=1/2$, respectively, where $$H_{3,1}(f):=\left|{\array{{\alpha}_1&{\alpha}_2&{\alpha}_3\\{\alpha}_2&{\alpha}_3&{\alpha}_4\\{\alpha}_3&{\alpha}_4&{\alpha}_5}}\right|$$ is the third Hankel determinant.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2007

Let R be a ring with left identity e and suitably-restricted additive torsion, and Z(R) its center. Let H : $R{\times}R{\times}R{\rightarrow}R$ be a symmetric 3-additive mapping, and let h be the trace of H. In this paper we show that (i) if for each $x{\in}R$, $$n=<<\cdots,\;x>,\;\cdots,x>{\in}Z(R)$$ with $n\geq1$ fixed, then h is commuting on R. Moreover, h is of the form $$h(x)=\lambda_0x^3+\lambda_1(x)x^2+\lambda_2(x)x+\lambda_3(x)\;for\;all\;x{\in}R$$, where $\lambda_0\;{\in}\;Z(R)$, $\lambda_1\;:\;R{\rightarrow}R$ is an additive commuting mapping, $\lambda_2\;:\;R{\rightarrow}R$ is the commuting trace of a bi-additive mapping and the mapping $\lambda_3\;:\;R{\rightarrow}Z(R)$ is the trace of a symmetric 3-additive mapping; (ii) for each $x{\in}R$, either $n=0\;or\;<n,\;x^m>=0$ with $n\geq0,\;m\geq1$ fixed, then h = 0 on R, where denotes the product yx+xy and Z(R) is the center of R. We also present the conditions which implies commutativity in rings with identity as motivated by the above result.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.161-168
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• 2000

Plasmid pLEX3 isolated from the recombinant cosmid library of Zoogloea ramigera 115 was found to be responsible for the restoration of the rugose colony phenotype. To confirm the essential region responsible for the complementation, subclones were constructed from plasmid pLEX3 and transformed into mutant strain Z. ramigera 115SLR. The recombinant plasmids pLEX10 and pLEX11 were shown to complement the slime-forming property of Z. ramigera 115SLR. In a compositional analysis of the exopolysaccharides from Z. ramigera 115, Z. ramigera 115SLR, and Z. ramigera 115SLR harboring plasmid pLEX11, the exopolysaccharides showed a similar composition with glucose, galactose, and side chain groups. The complete nucleotide sequence of the 3.25kb genocim DNA insert in plasmid pLEX11 was determined and its analysis identified two open reading frames which could encode two proteins. The gene products derived form the two open reading frames were confirmed by and in vivo transcription using a T7-RNA polymerase. The ORF1 produced a 30 kDa protein, whereas the ORF2 was found responsible for the complementation of the morphological mutation and produced a 14 kDa protein. An in vivo gene expression of plasmid pTEX10 showed another open reading frame encoding a 50 kDa protein. The gene products form ORF1 and ORF2 are regarded as novel proteins which do not show any homology with other proteins.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.503-508
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• 2010

$Eu^{2+}$-doped $\beta$-SiAlONs ($Si_{6-z}Al_zO_zN_{8-z}:Eu_y$) are recognized as promising phosphor materials to build an white LED for lighting application due to its excellent absorption/emission efficiency in the long wave length region. In this research, the fabrication of $\beta$-SiAlON:Eu plate phosphor by sintering was investigated with fixed Eu content(y) and varied composition of the host lattice(z). The addition of the activator $Eu_2O_3$ lead to enhanced densification by forming the transient liquid phase. The refinement of a composition by the calculated lattice parameter indicated that the measured composition of the fabricated specimens is nearly same to that of designed one. The single phase $\beta$-SiAlON:Eu plate with relative density of 96.4% was achieved by addition of 2 wt% CaO, which implies the possibility of full densification by adjusting the processing variables.