• 한국재료학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.269-273
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• 2002

The NASICON solid electrolyte films, $Na_{1+x}Zr_2Si_xP_{3-x}O_{12}$(1.5< x < 2.3), was prepared from ceramic slurry by modified doctor-blade process. The NASICON solid electrolyte and fabricated sensors, Pt-electrode/NASICON/Carbonate$(Na_2CO_3-K_2CO_3CaCO_3\; system)$ electrode, were investigated to measure phase, microstructure and e.m.f variation for sensing $CO_2$ concentration. The uniform grain size of $2-4{\mu}m$ and major phase of sodium zirconium silicon phosphate phase, $Na_{1+x}Zr_2Si_xP_{3-x}O_{12}$was identified with X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The Nernst's slope of 84 mV/decade for $CO_2$ concentration from 500 to 8000 ppm was obtained at operating temperature of $400^{\circ}C$.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.272-277
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• 2010

화력발전소에서 배출된 석탄 바닥재(bottom ash, B/A)를 이용하여 결정화 유리를 제조하고 그 결정상, 미세구조 및 기계적 특성을 분석하였다. 먼저 바닥재의 용융점을 낮추기 위해 수식제로 $Li_2O$를 첨가하고 용융하여 유리를 제조하였다. 제조된 유리는 2단계 열처리 공정을 이용하여 결정화시켰다. 즉 핵형성을 위한 1차 열처리를 한 후 결정성장을 시키는 2차 열처리를 행함으로서 결정화도를 높이고자 하였다. 제조원 결정화유리에는 주 결정상으로 ${\beta}$-spodumene상이 그리고 부차적인 상으로 $Li_2SiO_3$이 생성되었다. 결정화된 시편의 결정화도는 2차 열처리 공정의 유지시간이 길수록 증가하였다. 유지시간이 3시간 이하일 때의 시편의 미세구조는 결정화가 완전히 일어나지 않았고 불균일한 형상을 보였으며 또한 9시간 이상이 되면 시편 내부에 균열이 발생하였으며, 이로 인하여 기계적 강도가 감소하였다. 결론적으로 시편의 결정화도가 우수하고, 미세구조가 균일하면서 기계적 강도값이 가장 높은 물성을 갖는 유리상의 제조가 가능한 조건을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.864-868
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• 2010

Among LTCC material for substrate, the crystallized anorthite system was mainly studied as high strength material. However, specific factors that have affected on strength of material were studied insufficiently on anorthite system. In this study, the composition of anorthite glass was Ca-Al-Si-Zn-O. The changes of phase and microstructure were observed with the amount and the particle size of glass and the sintering temperature. It was studied that the factors affected on the strength of material. Phases of anorthite and $ZnAl_2O_4$ were formed with the increase of sintering temperature. The $Al_2O_3$ phase was increased with $Al_2O_3$ amount, acted as filler, and the strength of material is increased with $Al_2O_3$ phase. But phases of anorthite and $ZnAl_2O_4$ didn't affect on the strength of material. In the case of 60 vol% glass amounts and below $3.2\;{\mu}m$ of glass particle size, the strength of material was decreased. It is thought that the decrease of strength was due to non-homogeneous mixing between glass powder and filler.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.495-500
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• 2017

Oxide layers were formed by an environmentally friendly plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process on AZ91 Mg alloy. PEO treatment also resulted in strong adhesion between the oxide layer and the substrate. The influence of the KF electrolytic solution and the structure, composition, microstructure, and micro-hardness properties of the oxide layer were investigated. It was found that the addition of KF instead of KOH to the $Na_2SiO_3$ electrolytic solution increased the electrical conductivity. The oxide layers were mainly composed of MgO and $Mg_2SiO_4$ phases. The oxide layers exhibited solidification particles and pancake-shaped oxide melting. The pore size and surface roughness of the oxide layer decreased considerably with an increase in the concentration of KF, while densification of the oxide layers increased. It is shown that the addition of KF to the basis electrolyte resulted in fabricating of an oxide layer with higher surface hardness and smoother surface roughness on Mg alloys by the PEO process. The uniform thickness of the oxide layer formed on the Mg alloy substrates was largely determined by the electrolytic solution with KF, which suggests that the composition of the electrolytic solution is one of the key factors controlling the uniform thickness of the oxide layer.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.367-378
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• 2013

원삼국시대에 속하는 경기도 김포시 양촌유적에서 출토된 단조철부 5점과 주조철부 1점을 대상으로 미세조직 관찰과 비금속개재물 분석을 실시하였다. 단조품에 사용된 소재는 순철에 가까운 소재와 저탄소강이 사용되었고 성형 후 1점에만 담금질을 하였다. 주조품은 주철을 탈탄시킨 미세조직이 보여 주철탈탄 제강법이 적용된 것을 확인하였다. 비금속개재물 분석결과 철부는 고체저온환원법으로 제련하여 생산된 괴련철을 두드려서 제작하였다. FeO 함량이 $SiO_2$에 비해 비교적 높게 나타나 제련 시 노의 온도가 환원에 충분하지 못해 Fe의 회수율이 적었던 것으로 보이며 이 과정에서 광물에 포함된 K, P, Mg, Mn, Ti 등 불순물이 혼입되었다. Ca 함량이 높게 검출되는 곳이 있어 일부는 조제제로 석회물질을 넣었던 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.258-263
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• 2022

Porous ceramics have the advantages of low density, low thermal conductivity, and excellent mechanical properties. Among porous ceramic manufacturing methods, the replica template method allows the easy manufacturing of porous filters with the highest porosity and pores of the desired size, but it also has the disadvantage that the resulting filters have low mechanical strength. To overcome this shortcoming, mullite (3Al₂O₃·2SiO₂) whiskers, which have excellent thermal stability and high mechanical strength, were introduced in porous ceramic structure. The mullite whiskers were synthesized using a composition of Al₂O₃, flyash and MoO₃. The morphologies and crystal structures of the mullite whiskers with MoO₃ contents were investigated in detail. When the porous ceramic with mullite whiskers was fabricated using 20 wt% MoO₃ catalyst the most uniform microstructure was obtained, and the mullite whiskers showed the highest aspect ratio of 47.03. The porosity and compressive strength of the fabricated porous ceramic were 82.12 % and 0.83 MPa, respectively.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.86-89
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• 2001

Microstructure modifications are investigated for annealed Co-based amorphous ribbon in vacuum and open air. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra for annealed sample in vacuum indicate atomic arrangements with initial nucleation of hcp-Co crystallite at 38$0^{\circ}C$ annealing temperature. However, the XRD spectra in samples with long annealing times of $t_a\geq300$ min demonstrate sharp and good developed surface crystalline hcp-, fcc- Co and $Co_2$Si phases. The giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) profile at 0.1 MHz displaying one-peak behavior in vacuum annealed samples at T = 38$0^{\circ}C$ irrespective of annealing time $t_a$ from 20 to 480 mim. For the annealed samples in an open air, the GMI profile shows two-peaks for $t_a$ = 20 min annealed sample. However, one of peaks disappears and an asymmetric GMI profile exhibits a drastic step-like change near zero field for $t_a\geq300$min. Such asymmetric GMI characteristics is related to the surface microstructures of fcc-Co, hop-Co and $Co_2$Si crystalline phases.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.387-391
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• 2012

Graphene was fabricated onto Ni/Si substrate using a rapid-thermal pulse CVD and they were transferred onto the Ti/PES flexible substrate. For top electrode applications of the BMNO dielectric films, graphene was patterned using a argon plasma. Through an AFM image and a leakage current density of the BMNO films grown onto various bottom electrodes before and after bending test, BMNO films grown onto the graphene bottom electrode showed no change of the microstructure and the leakage current density after the bend.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제3권6호
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• pp.624-631
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• 1993

Alumimium Titanate-Mullite 복합체는 $Al_{2}O_{3}$분말 알콜용액에서 $Si(OC_{2}H_{5})_{4}$와 $Ti(OC_{2}H_{5})_4$ 의 단계적인 가수분해로 합성하였다. Sol-Gel 방법으로 합성된 모든 분말은 비정질과 단분산이고 좁은 분말크기의 분포를 보였다. 소결체($1600 ^{\circ}C$/2h)는 임계분해온도인 $1100^{\circ}C$에서 100시간 동안과 750와 $1400^{\circ}C$ 100시간동안 반복적인 열적 내구성 및 열충격 시험을 수행하였다. 가장 좋은 열적 내구성은 aluminium titanate함유량이 70rhk 80vol%일때 얻어졌으며, 이들은 위 실험을 한후 아주 적은 미세구조와 열팽창 곡선의 변화를 나타내었다. 소결체 미세구조의 붕괴는 주사현미경, X-선회절분석과 Dil-atometer로 연구하였다. 위 연구는 이와같은 과정에 의하여 합성된 aluminium titanate-mullite복합체의 서비스 수명을 예상하기 위하여 시도되었다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.477-483
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• 2000

Rolling contact fatigue (RCF) tests were performed for two kinds of commercial silicon nitride balls using 4-Ball rolling contact fatigue life tester under EHL condition (Λ=8.9) and boundary lubrication condition (Λ=0.2). All the test balls were finished up to the dimensional accuracy of Grade 5 defined in KS B 2001 (Steel Balls for Ball Bearings) with a size of 8.731 mm. RCF tests were then conducted under the initial theoretical maximum contact stress 6.63 GPa and the spindle speed 10,000 rpm. All the test balls were not failed until 3.75 $\times$ 107 contact cycles and wear tracks of test balls were not conspicuous under EHL condition (Λ= 8.9). In the operations of low lambda regime (Λ= 0.2), all the test balls were surface damaged and high rolling wear resistance was achievable in fully densified using MgO 1 wt% and HIPed balls. Rolling wear of silicon nitride balls under boundary lubrication condition depend mainly on grain size and intergranular phase content of silicon nitride balls.