• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.658-666
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• 2000

Sb and Sb-Fe doped SnO$_2$film resistors were prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. The effects of Sb and Sb-Fe addition on TCR and electrical properties of SnO$_2$film resistors were studied. Also the dependence of electrical properties on the substrate temperature and substrate-nozzle distance was investigated. The Sn-Sb system with 7.9 mol% SbCl$_3$(STO-406) and Sn-Sb-Fe systems with 7.3 mol% SbCl$_3$+7.3 mol% FeCl$_3$(STO-407) and with 3.4 mol% SbCl$_3$+7.7mol% FeCl$_3$(STO-408) were prepared. Both of the systems Sn-Sb and Sn-Sb-Fe represented nonlinearity of TCR with temperature. As the amount of Fe increased TCR was shifted to positive direction. Decreasing Sb or increasing Fe caused resistivity to increase. Also increasing Fe caused the crystallization degree of rutile structure in SnO$_2$film to decrease. The electrical resistivity decreased with increasing substrate temperature The resistivity decreased with increasing substrate-nozzle distance in the ranges from 15 to 25 cm and increased rapidly at the distance over 25cm.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.465-468
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• 1994

The charge transfer compounds $(TTF)_4FeCl_3{\cdot}CH_3OH,\;(TTF)_4SbCl_4\;and\;(TTF)_5(SbBr_4)_2{\cdot}CH_3COCH_3$ were prepared from reactions of the TTF (tetrathiafulvalene) and metal halides. The compounds were characterized by spectroscopic (UV,IR, EPR and XPS) methods, magnetic susceptibility and electrical conductivity measurements. The d.c electrical conductivities of the pressed pellets are in the order of $10^{-1}-10^{-3} Scm^{-1}$, which lies in the range of semiconductor region at room temperature. It means that the partially ionized TTF has stacked in low-dimensional chain in each compound. Spectroscopic properties also indicate that TTF molecules are partially ionized and charge transfer has occurred from (TTF)n to Fe(III) center in $(TTF)_4FeCl_3{\cdot}CH_3OH$ whereas to the $-SbX_4^-$ entity in $(TTF)_4SbCl_4\;and\;(TTF)_5(SbBr_4)_2{\cdot}CH_3COCH_3$. The EPR g values are consistent with TTF radical formation and EPR linewidths suggest the delocalization of unpaired electrons along TTF stacks. A signal arised from metal (Fe and Sb) ions were not detected in EPR spectra, indicating that metal ion is in the diamagnetic state in each compound. The diamagnetic state was also examined by the magnetic susceptibility measurement. The magnetic properties reveal the significant interaction between the $TTF^+$ radical cations in the stacks. The oxidation state of metal ions was also investigated by XPS spectra.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.1575-1578
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• 2011

Antimony trichloride (SbCl3) was demonstrated to be an effective catalyst for the cyanosilylation of a wide variety of carbonyl compounds under solvent-free conditions. The reactions proceeded smoothly at room temperature to afford the corresponding cyanosilylethers in good to excellent yields.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.482-487
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• 2008

성능이 우수한 다성분계 전극을 개발하기 위하여 Ru를 주 전극성분으로 Pt, Sn, Sb 및 Gd를 보조 전극성분으로 하여 3, 4성분계 전극의 성능과 산화제 생성량 및 전극 표면 분석을 행하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1. 2분 동안 단위 W당 제거된 RhB 농토는 Ru:Sn:Sb=9:1:1 > Ru:Pt:Gd=5:5:1 > Ru:Sn=9:1 > Ru:Sn:Gd=9:1:1 > Ru:Sb:Gd=9:1:1로 나타났다. Ru:Sn:Sb=9:1.1 전극에서 발생하는 free Cl, ClO$_2$ 및 H$_2$O$_2$농도가 다른 전극보다 높은 것으로 나타나 산화제 생성경향과 RhB 분해율과는 상관관계가 있는 것으로 사료되었다. 4성분계 전극 중에서 Ru:Sn:Sb:Gd 전극의 성능이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났으나 3성분계 전극인 Ru:Sn:Sb=9:1.1 전극보다 성능이 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. Ru:Sn:Sb=9:1:1 전극에서 생성되는 산화제 농도가 다른 두 종류의 산화제 농도보다 높은 것으로 나타났고 4성분 전극의 경우 Ru:Sn:Sb:Gd 전극의 산화제 농도가 Ru:Sn:Sb:Gd 전극이 높거나 유사한 경우로 나타나 산화제 생성 경향과 RhB분해 능과는 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 초기 RhB 분해 속도가 높은 전극의 COD 제거율도 높은 것으로 나타났다. OH 라디칼은 발생하지 않지만 염소계 산화제 농도가 높고 RhB제거율이 높아 Ru를 주 성분으로 한 전극의 RhB분해는 주로 간접 산화작용에 의한 것이며, 개발된 3, 4성분계 산화물 전극은 간접 산화용 전극임을 알 수 있었다. 에칭을 하기 전의 Ti판은 표면이 매끄러운 것으로 나타났으며, 35% 염산으로 에칭한 후의 Ti메쉬는 매우 거친 표면조직을 가지는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. Ru:Sn:Sb=9:1:1 전극과 Ru:Sn:Sb:Gd 전극의 SEM 사진을 관찰한 결과 두 전극 모두 전극 물질이 균일하게 도포되어 있었으며, 두 전극 모두 열소성을 통해 전극 성분을 코팅할 때 발생하는 "mud crack"이 발생한 것이 관찰되었다 EDX 분석에서 Cl이 관찰되었는데, 전극 성분의 불완전 산화로 인한 비양론적 산화물 때문이며 이는 RhB 분해성능과 관련 있는 것으로 사료되었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.485-490
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• 2004

Silver-needle shaped crystals of $KLa_2Sb_3S_9$ from $K_2S_x$ flux and $KSm_2Sb_3Se_8$ from NaCl/KCl flux reactions were obtained and their crystal structures were determined by the single crystal X-ray diffraction method. $KLa_2Sb_3S_9$ crystallizes in the orthorhombic noncentrosymmetric space group $P2_12_12_1$ (No.19) with a unit cell of a = 4.220(3) ${\AA}$, b = 24.145(2) ${\AA}$, c = 14.757(5) ${\AA}$ and Z = 4. $KSm_2Sb_3Se_8$ crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma (No.62) with a unit cell of a = 16.719(3) ${\AA}$, b = 4.1236(8) ${\AA}$, c = 22.151(4) ${\AA}$ and Z = 4. Both structures have three-dimensional tunnel frameworks filled with $K^+$ ions. $KSm_2Sb_3Se_8$ is an ordered version of $ALn_{1{\pm}X}B_i{4{\pm}X}S_8$, and it is made up of NaCl-type and $Gd_2S_3$-type fragments. $KLa_2Sb_3S_9$ also contains building fragments similar to those of $KSm_2Sb_3Se_8$, however, there are chalcogen-chalcogen bonds in the $Gd_2S_3$-type fragment. The formula of $KLa_2Sb_3S_9$ can be described as $(K^+ )(La^{3+})_2(Sb^{3+})^3(S^{2-})_7(S_2^{2-})$.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.2489-2493
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• 2012

A new fluorescent system (acridine/RTIL hybrid gel) confined in the 3D micro-structure of a poly(lactic acid) membrane were prepared from 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids ([bmim]X (X = $SbF_6$, $NTf_2$, Cl); RTILs), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), and acridine via the sol-gel route. SEM images showed that, in the presence of [bmim]$SbF_6$ and [bmim]$NTf_2$, 3D-ly paticulated structures were created inside the PLA membranes and acridine/RTIL hybrid gels were confined in gabs of particulates. However, the use of [bmim]Cl induced the formation of a 3D-ly porous structure containing the hybrid gel of acridine/[bmimCl in the micropores. The three fluorescent systems exhibited different fluorescence behaviors (fluorescence maximum and intensity) depending on the C2-H acidity scale of the RTILs (or their anion type). Acridine gels hybridized with [bmim]$SbF_6$ and [bmim]$NTf_2$ showed blue fluorescence with relative high intensity, whereas the hybrid gel with [bmim]Cl exhibited almost no fluorescence under dry conditions. However, the acridine/[bmim]Cl hybrid system in the micro-porous PLA membrane started to emit fluorescent light under humid conditions and showed a possible response, indicating that it could be applied as a humidity sensor.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.377-384
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• 2007

This study has carried out a performance of dimensionally stable anode for the purpose of decolorization of Rhodamine B (RhB) in water. Seven kinds of 1, 2 and 3 component electrodes were prepared by plating and thermal deposition, which were coated by the oxides of Pt, Ru, Ir, Sn-Sb, Ir-Sn-Sb, Ru-Sn-Sb and Ru-Sn-Ti on Ti metal surface, respectively. Performance for RhB decolorization of the seven electrodes lay in: Ru-Sn-Ti/Ti ${\fallingdotseq}$ Ru-Sn-Sb/Ti > Ir-Sn-Sb/Ti > Sn-Sb/Ti > Ru/Ti > Ir/Ti > Pt/Ti. The effects of electrode area and distance, electrolyte type and concentration, current density and pH were investigated on the decolorization of RhB using Ru-Sn-Ti/Ti electrode. Decolorization of RhB was not influenced by electrode area and distance largely, however wattage was influenced by them. NaCl was superior to the decolorization of RhB than $Na_2SO_4$. Optimum NaCl dosage and current density were 0.5 g/L and $0.183A/cm^2$, respectively. The pH effect of decolorization of RhB was not significant within the range of 3-7.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.449-455
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• 1986

Various polymer metal complexes have been synthesized from anhydrous $AlCl_3,\;FeCl_3,\;SbCl_5,\;SnCl_4\;and\;ZnCl_2$ with cation exchange resin in carbon disulfide solvent. The forms of the surfaces and sectioned beads of these polymer metal complexes have been observed using scanning electron probe microanalyzer. To examine the catalytic activity of polymer metal complexes, the esterification of various dibasic acids with alcohols have been carried out. Polymer metal complexes were found to be the effective catalyst for esterification of dibasic carboxylic acids.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.318-323
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• 1993

Pentachloroethane($CHCl_2CCl_3$) was synthesized and reacted with hydrogen fluoride using antimony pentahalide catalyst($SbCl_xF_y$) in order to manufacture HCFC-123$(CF_3CHCl_2)$, a potential CFC-11$(CFCl_3$) substitute candidate. Products analyses showed the fluorination proceeds through fluorine-chlorine exchanges between $HF/SbCl_xF_y$ and $SbCl_xF_y/CCl_3CHCl_2$ respectively. The degree of fluorination of $CCl_3$ group in pentachloroethane was greatly affected on the reaction temperature, but the effect of catalyst concentration was relatively small. Mechanistic study was also performed to elucidate the pathway to the formation of side-products such as $CCl_3CFCl_2$, $CFCl_2CFCl_2$ and $CF_2ClCFCl_2$.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2020

The electrochemical preparation and spectroscopic characterisation of iridium-antimony (Ir-Sb) species is important owing to their potential applications as nanostructure materials. Nanostructures, i.e. nanoflower and nanodisk, of Ir-Sb were electrodeposited on conductive substrates using a practical electrochemical method based on the simultaneous underpotential deposition (UPD) of Ir and Sb from the IrCl₃ and Sb₂O₃ at a constant potential. Electrochemical UPD mechanism of Ir-Sb was studied using cyclic voltammetry and potential-controlled electrochemical deposition techniques. Herein, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopy were used to determine the morphological and structural properties of the electrochemically-synthesised Ir-Sb nanostructures.