• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.95-98
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• 2006

This study was performed to determine possibility of compensatory growth of juvenile olive flounder fed a commercial feed during the summer season. Five treatments of fish with triplicates were prepared: C, S1, S2, S3 and S4. Fish in the control group (C) was hand-fed with the commercial feed to apparent satiation twice daily for 6 days a week during 6 weeks. Fish in S1, S2, S3, and S4 experienced 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of starvation before fed to satiation twice daily for 5, 4, 3, and 2 weeks, respectively. The feeding trial lasted far 6 weeks. Survival of flounder in C, S1 and S2 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that offish in S4. Weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) of flounder in C and S1 were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of fish in S2, S3 or S4. And weight gain and SGR of flounder in S2 and S3 were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of fish in S4. Feed consumption of flounder tended to increase with weeks of feeding. Feed efficiency ratio and protein efficiency ratio for flounder in C, S1, S2 and S3 were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those for fish in S4. Moisture content of the whole fish in C was lowest, but highest for fish in S4, respectively. Crude protein content of the whole fish in C was highest, but lowest far fish in S4, respectively. Crude lipid content of the whole fish in C, S1 and S2 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of fish in S4. In conclusion, full compensatory growth was obtained in juvenile olive flounder fed for 5 weeks after 1-week feed deprivation during the summer season. Compensatory growth of fish was well supported by improvement in feed efficiency ratio and protein efficiency ratio.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.743-748
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• 2013

The purpose of this note is to introduce interesting and useful properties differential-basis and p-basis in theorem 3.3. The result gives a existence differential basis of $S^P$ [$[{\Lambda}_1]$](S) which has a p-basis over $S^p$ ($S^p[{\Lambda}_1]$).

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.203-211
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• 2005

The experiment was conducted to investigate the nutrition absorption pattern in the growth stages and develope the optimal nutrient solution hydroponically grown the tomato in closed substrate culture system with the nutrient solution of National Horticultural Research Station in Japan into 1/2S, 1 S, and 2S. When plant was grown in 1/2 S, the growth and yield were high and the pH and EC in the rooting zone were stable. Suitable composition of nutrient solution for tomato was $NO_3-N$ 7.1, $PO_{4}$-P 2.1, K 4.0, Ca 3.1, Mg 1.2, and $SO_{4}-S\;1.2\;me{\cdot}L^{-1}$ in the early growth stage and $NO_3-N$ 6.5, $PO_4-P$ 2.3, K 3.4, Ca 3.1, Mg 1.1, and $SO_4-S\;1.1\;me{\cdot}L^{-1}$ in the late growth stage by calculating a rate of nutrient and water uptake. To estimate the suitability for the nutrient solution of tomato in a development of optimum nutrient solution of tomato developed by Wonkwang university in korea (WU), plant was grown in perlite substrate supplied with different solution and strengths(S) by research station for greenhouse vegetable and floricultuin in the Netherlands (Proefstation voor tuinbouw onder glas te Naaldwijk; PTG) of 1/2 S, 1 S and 2 S, respectively, The growth was good at the PTG and WU of 2 S in early growth stage, and at the WU 2S in late growth stage. The highest yield of tomato obtained in the WU of 2 S, although blossom-end rot was appeared in all treatments. pH and EC in root zone of WU of 2 S were stable during the early and late growth stage. Therefore when plant was grown in WU of 2 S, N and P content in the nutrient solution need to low, according N and P content of their leaves were high in WU of 2 S.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.687-698
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• 1994

The effects of age and dietary fatty acid composition on lipid metabolism were investigated in Sprague-Dawley strain male rats. These animals weighing 88.6$\pm$2.2g were fed 10% dietary fat(W/W, 20% of total energy) with 0.5, 1, 2 P/S ratio and in each P/S ratio there were three different levels of n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio ; 2, 4, 8. The experimental period was 1 month, 6 months and 12 months. The results of this study were as follows. The body weight of rats increased rapidly for the first two months, then increased slowly until 7 to 8 months. After 10 months of dietary regimen their weight decreased. The weight of liver, kidney and epidydimal fat pad increased along with the body weight and then decreased in the 12 months. Plasma total lipid increased with age and it decreased significantly when P/S ratio of dietary fatty acid was high. In creased with age and it decreased significantly when P/S ratio of dietary fatty acid was high. In creasing n-3 fatty acid intake in each P/S ratio resulted in lower plasma total lipid although was not statistically significant. The amount of plasma total cholesterol increased at 6 months, but decreased at 12 months. In case of 1, 12 months, increasing P/S ratio significantly plasma total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were decreased and hepatic cholesterol was increased, VLDL-HDL-cholesterol did not changed. The n-6/n-3 ratio did not affect any of theses. The amount of plasma triglyceride and VLDL-triglyceride increased at 6 month then decreased. When the rats consumed higher amount of n-3 fatty acid in each P/S ratio, their plasma triglyceride and hepatic triglyceride increased at 1, 12months.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2021

Purpose: While the amylase concentration of the drainage fluid (dAmy) has been reported to be a predictor of postoperative pancreas-related complications (PPRC), the optimal timing for its measurement has not been fully investigated. Materials and Methods: The clinicopathological data of 387 patients who underwent elective gastrectomy for gastric cancer were reviewed. Laboratory data, including dAmy on postoperative days 1 (dAmy1) and 3 (dAmy3), and serum C-reactive protein (sCRP) concentrations on postoperative days 1 (sCRP1) and 3 (sCRP3) were compared between patients with PPRC and without PPRC. Results: Nineteen of the 387 patients (4.9%) developed PPRC. The optimal cutoff values of dAmy1, dAmy3, sCRP1, and sCRP3 were 1514 IU/L, 761 IU/L, 8.32 mg/dL, and 15.15 mg/dL, respectively. The area under the curve of dAmy1 was greater than that of dAmy3 (0.915 vs. 0.826), and that of sCRP3 was greater than that of sCRP1 (0.820 vs. 0.659). In the multivariate analysis, dAmy1 (P<0.001) and sCRP3 (P=0.004) were significant predictors of PPRC, while dAmy3 (P=0.069) and sCRP1 (P=0.831) were not. Thirteen (41.9%) of 31 patients with both dAmy1 ≥1,545 IU/L and sCRP3 ≥15.15 mg/dL had PPRC ≥Clavien-Dindo II. In contrast, among 260 patients with both dAmy1 <1,545 IU/L and sCRP3 <15.15 mg/dL, none developed PPRC. Conclusions: dAmy1 was more useful than dAmy3 in predicting PPRC. The combination of dAmy1 and sCRP3 may be a useful criterion for the removal of drains on postoperative day 3.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.362-362
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• 2017

Dissemination of IPB3S rice variety combined with cultivation technology named IPB Prima was aimed to introduce IPB research product particularly for IPB rice variety with high-yield character that is IPB3S. The rice variety IPB3S and IPB Prima cultivation technology was expected to be one of solution to improve rice productivity and accelerate to food self-sufficiency in Indonesia. Research sctivity was consist of three main research unit i.e. (1) Dissemination of IPB3S rice variety and IPB Prima production technology; (2) The development of Information and management web-based system (IMS) for planning and monitoring IPB3S and IPB Prima application distribution; and (3) The development of High-capacity grain drying system in Fluidized-bed drying ang in-store drying system. The objective of main research i.e. to introduce IPB high-yield rice variety, to accelerate rice productivity to support self-sufficiency, to develop integrated system model through fluidized and in-store drying, and to develop web-based management-information system in result analyzing IPB3S and IPB Prima distribution and technology application. The dissemination activities was arranged in two location. The first location was in Banyuwangi, East Java with total area 10.87 ha, consist of 8.91 ha planting area for IPB3S and 1.96 ha planting area for Ciherang. The second location is in Tegal, Middle Java with total planting area in 5 ha. The experiment was arranged in different treatment of varieties and cultivation method. The experiment consist of (1) rice variety Ciherang with conventional cultivation technology (P0); (2) rice variety Ciherang with IPB Prima cultivation technology (P1); (3) rice variety IPB3S with conventional cultivation technology (P2); (4) rice variety IPB3S with IPB Prima cultivation technology (P3). Planting distance for twin rows system is $50cm{\times}25cm{\times}12.5cm$. Planting distance for single row system is $25cm{\times}25cm$. The research result elucidated that productivity result in two location has different grades in similar trend. Experiment in Tegal resulted P0 result is $6.18ton\;ha^{-1}$, P1 result is $6.30ton\;ha^{-1}$, P2 result is $6.82ton\;ha^{-1}$, P3 result is $7.31ton\;ha^{-1}$. Experiment in Banyuwangi resulted optimum production of IPB3S variety productivity number are $7.29ton\;ha^{-1}$, while Ciherang are $6.73ton\;ha^{-1}$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.61-61
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• 2017

Dissemination of IPB3S rice variety combined with cultivation technology named IPB Prima was aimed to introduce IPB research product particularly for IPB rice variety with high-yield character that is IPB3S. The rice variety IPB3S and IPB Prima cultivation technology was expected to be one of solution to improve rice productivity and accelerate to food self-sufficiency in Indonesia. Research sctivity was consist of three main research unit i.e. (1) Dissemination of IPB3S rice variety and IPB Prima production technology; (2) The development of Information and management web-based system (IMS) for planning and monitoring IPB3S and IPB Prima application distribution; and (3) The development of High-capacity grain drying system in Fluidized-bed drying ang in-store drying system. The objective of main research i.e. to introduce IPB high-yield rice variety, to accelerate rice productivity to support self-sufficiency, to develop integrated system model through fluidized and in-store drying, and to develop web-based management-information system in result analyzing IPB3S and IPB Prima distribution and technology application. The dissemination activities was arranged in two location. The first location was in Banyuwangi, East Java with total area 10.87 ha, consist of 8.91 ha planting area for IPB3S and 1.96 ha planting area for Ciherang. The second location is in Tegal, Middle Java with total planting area in 5 ha. The experiment was arranged in different treatment of varieties and cultivation method. The experiment consist of (1) rice variety Ciherang with conventional cultivation technology (P0); (2) rice variety Ciherang with IPB Prima cultivation technology (P1); (3) rice variety IPB3S with conventional cultivation technology (P2); (4) rice variety IPB3S with IPB Prima cultivation technology (P3). Planting distance for twin rows system is $50cm{\times}25cm{\times}12.5cm$. Planting distance for single row system is $25cm{\times}25{\times}cm$. The research result elucidated that productivity result in two location has different grades in similar trend. Experiment in Tegal resulted P0 result is $6.18ton\;ha^{-1}$, P1 result is $630ton\;ha^{-1}$, P2 result is $6.82ton\;ha^{-1}$, P3 result is $7.31ton\;ha^{-1}$. Experiment in Banyuwangi resulted optimum production of IPB3S variety productivity number are 7.29 ton ha-1, while Ciherang are $6.73ton\;ha^{-1}$.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.313-319
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• 2002

Synthesis of 7$\beta$-[(Z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(1-carboxy-1-methylethoxyimino)acetamido]-3-[[(3S, 5S)-5-[4-phenyl-5-(4-methylphenyl or 2-thiophenyl)-4H-l, 2, 4- triazol-3-yl]thiomethylpyrrolidin-3-yl]]thiomethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acids (7a, 7b) were described. (2S, 4S)-4-acethylthio-2-[4-phenyl-5-(4-methylphenyl or 2-thiophenyl)-4 H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl]thiomethyl-1-tert-butoxycarbonylpyrrolidines (4a, 4b) were prepared from trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline with (2S, 4R)-absolute configuration as starting material. 4-Phenyl-5-(4-methylphenyl or 2-thiophenyl)-4 H-l, 2, 4-triazol-3-thiols (2a, 2b) were prepared from p-toluic anhydride and 2-thiophene carboxylic acid hydrazide, respectively. p-Methoxybenzyl 7$\beta$-(Z)-2-(2-for-mamidothiazol-4-yl)-2-(1-tert-butoxycarbonylisopropylimino]acetamido-3-[[ (3S, 5S)-5-[4-phenyl-5-(4-methylphenyl or 2-thio phenyl)-4H-1, 2, 3-triazol-3-yl]thiomethyl-1- tert-butoxycarbonylpyrrolidin-3-yl]]thiomethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylates (6a, 6b) were achieved by using p-methoxybenzyl ]7P-(Z)-2-(2-formamidothiazol-4-yl)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylisopropylimino] acetamido-3-chloromethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylate (5) and (2S, 4S)-4-acethylthio-2-[4-phenyl-5-(4-methyl phenyl or 2-thiophenyl)-4H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl]thiomethyl-1-tert-butoxycarbonyl pyrrolidines (4a, 4b). Removal of formyl, Boc, and p-methoxybenzyl protecting groups were carried out by triflu oroacetic acid and anisole to give the target compounds.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.140-148
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• 1994

${\beta}-Lactamase$ stability, chemotherapeutic activity, and pharmacokinetics of 7-[(Z)-2-(2-aminothiazole-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-3-[4-(2-pyridyl)piperazinyl]thiocarbonylthiomethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid(CEN1), 7-[(Z)-2-(2-aminothiazole-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-3-[4-(2-pyrimidyl)piperazinyl]thiocarbonylthiomethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid(CEN2), pivaloyloxymethyl-7-[(Z)-2-(2-aminothizaole-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-3-[4-(2-pyridyl)piperazinyl]thiocarbonyl-thiomethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylate(CEN1P), and pivaloyloxymethyl-7-{(Z)--2-(2-aminothizaole-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-3-[4-(2-pyridyl)piperazinyl]thiocarbonyl-thiomethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylate(CEN2P) were examined. CEN1, CEN2, CEN1P, and CEN2P were very stable to the ${\beta}-lactamase$ obtained from three strains(Enterobacter cloacae P99, Escherichia coli TEM, and Citrobacter freundii). Chemotherapeutic activities$(ED_{50})$ of CEN2 and CEN2P against experimental systemic infections due to Streptococcus pyogenes 77A and Escherichia coli 078 were superior to those of CEN1 and CEN1P, respectively. The $ED_{50}$ values of CEN1, CEN2 were 5.82 mg/kg, 0.89 mg/kg(s.c., S. pyogenes 77A) while those of CEN1P, CEN2P were 14.56mg/kg, 6.40mg/kg(p.o., S. pyogenes 77A), respectively. The pharmacokinetics of CEN1, CEN2, CEN1P, and CEN2P were investigated in mice and rats. In mice, peak blood levels of $1.25\;{\mu}g/ml$ were recorded within 20 min after oral administration of a single dose equivalent to 40 mg/kg CEN1P. Cmax of CEN1P was much higher than that of CEN1 in mice and rats. Oral absorption of CEN2P was much higher than that of CEN2.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.575-598
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• 2017

This paper introduces and studies a generalization of the classical Struve function of order p given by $$_aS_{p,c}(x):=\sum\limits_{k=0}^{\infty}\frac{(-c)^k}{{\Gamma}(ak+p+\frac{3}{2}){\Gamma}(k+\frac{3}{2})}(\frac{x}{2})^{2k+p+1}$$. Representation formulae are derived for $_aS_{p,c}$. Further the function $_aS_{p,c}$ is shown to be a solution of an (a + 1)-order differential equation. Monotonicity and log-convexity properties for the generalized Struve function $_aS_{p,c}$ are investigated, particulary for the case c = -1. As a consequence, $Tur{\acute{a}}n$-type inequalities are established. For a = 2 and c = -1, dominant and subordinant functions are obtained for the Struve function $_2S_{p,-1}$.