• 한국안광학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2001

두 개의 토로이드 면이 서로 직각인 토릭렌즈의 두 곡률의 합($C_x+C_y$)는 $$C_x+C_y=\frac{x^2+y^2}{2r_1}+\frac{x^2}{2}(\frac{1}{r_2}-\frac{1}{r_1})$$이며, 사축인 토릭렌즈의 두 곡률의 합 ($C_a+C_b$)은 $$(C_a+C_b)=\frac{x^2cos^2{\alpha}_1}{2r_1}+\frac{x^2cos^2{\alpha}_2}{2r_2}+\frac{y^2sin^2{\alpha}_1}{2r_1}+\frac{y^2sin^2{\alpha}_2}{2r_2}$$이다. $(C_1+C_2)+(C_1+C_2)_{90^{\circ}}$는 구면의 곡률 합$S_{S_1}+S_{S_2}$과 같은 값을 얻었다. 표면 곡률(Cx, Cy) 값을 포함한 사축 토릭렌즈의 합성 굴절력의 parameter S, C, ${\theta}$ 값을 다음과 같다. $$S=(n-1)\[\frac{C_x}{x^2}+\frac{C_y}{y^2}\]-\frac{C}{2},\;C=-\frac{2(n-1)}{sin2{\theta}}\[\frac{C_x}{x^2}+\frac{C_y}{y^2}\]$$ $${\theta}=\frac{1}{2}tan^{-1}\[-\frac{{C_xy^2sin2{\theta}_1}+{C_yx^2sin2{\theta}_2}}{{C_xy^2cos2{\theta}_1}+{C_yx^2cos2{\theta}_2}}\]$$.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제41회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.262-263
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• 2011

Flexible electronics, a future technology of electronics, require a low cost integrated circuit that can be built on various types of the flexible substrates. As a potential candidate for this application, a single walled carbon nanotube network is studied as an active device with a scheme of thin film transistor. Transistors are formed on a plastic foil by the Roll-to-Roll (R2R) and the Roll-to-Device (R2D) printing method. For both printing methods, electrical transports for the transistors are presented with the temperature dependence of threshold voltage (V_Th) and mobility from the measured transfer curves at temperatures ranging from 10 K to 300 K. It is observed that ${\mu}=0.044cm^2/V{\cdot}sec$ and V_Th=7.28V for R2R and ${\mu}=0.025cm^2/V{\cdot}sec$ and V_Th=3.10V for R2D, both for the temperature at 300K. Temperature dependence of mobility and V_Th is observed. However for R2R, the temperature dependence of V_Th is constant. It is the difference between, R2R and R2D.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.129-142
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• 2005

한국산 산딸기속(Rubus)의 체세포 염색체 수를 밝히기 위해 19개 분류군을 조사하였다. 한반도에는 Anoplobatus(2종), Cylactis(1종), Idaeobatus(15종), Malachobatus(1종) 4개 아속의 산딸기속 분류군이 분포하며, 대부분(15종)이 2배체가 우세한 Idaeobatus아속에 속한다. 체세포 염색체 수의 기본수는 x=7이며, 본 연구에서 체세포 염색체수가 처음으로 밝혀진 분류군은 제주도의 특산종인 가시딸기(R. hongnoensis; 2n=14), 울릉도의 특산종인 섬나무딸기(R. takesiemnsis; 2n=14), 거제도에서 분포하는 맥도딸기(R. longisepalus; 2n=14)와 거제딸기(R. longisepalus var. tozawai; 2n=14), 멍석딸기(R. parvifolius; 2n=42), 사슨딸기(R. parvifolius var. taquetii; 2n=28)등 6분류군이다. 복분자(R. coreanus)를 제외한 나머지 12개 분류군의 체세포 염색체 수는 2n=14로 확인하였으며, 모두 일본과 타이완 등의 연구보고와 일치하였다. 또한 이배체로 알려진 멍석딸기는 4, 6배수체가 발견되어 한반도에서 배수화로 종분화가 일어나고 있음을 보여주었다. 또한 겨울딸기(R. buergeri; 2n=56)으로 8배체임을 알았고, 이는 일본에 분포하는 2n=42, 6배체와 비교할 때, 타이완에 분포하는 분류군(2n=56)과 동일한 8배체임을 보여주었다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 선형성이 개선된 5MHz의 샘플링 주파수를 가지는 10-비트 디지털/아날로그 변환기를 제안한다. 제안하는 디지털/아날로그 변환기는 10-비트 R-2R 기반 디지털/아날로그 변환기, rail-to-rail 입력 범위의 차동 전압증폭기를 이용하는 출력버퍼, 그리고 바이어스 전압을 위한 밴드-갭 기준전압 회로로 구성된다. R-2R 디지털/아날로그 변환기의 2R 구현에 스위치를 위해 사용되는 인버터의 turn-on 저항 값을 포함하여 설계함으로 선형성을 개선시킨다. DAC의 최종 출력 전압 범위는 출력버퍼에 차동전압증폭기를 이용함으로 R-2R의 rail-to-rail 출력 전압으로부터 $2/3{\times}VDD$로 결정된다. 제안된 디지털/아날로그 변환기는 1.2V 공급전압과 1-poly, 8-metal을 이용하는 130nm CMOS 공정에서 구현되었다. 측정된 디지털/아날로그 변환기의 동적특성은 9.4비트의 ENOB, 58dB의 SNDR, 그리고 63dBc의 SFDR이다. 측정된 DNL과 INL은 -/+0.35LSB 미만이다. 제작된 디지털/아날로그 변환기의 면적과 전력소모는 각각 $642.9{\times}366.6{\mu}m^2$과 2.95mW이다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.77-88
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• 1981

The purpose of this study was to make a comprehensive study & evaluation of the oral status of mental retarded children. The auther examined intraorally 486 (male; 311, female;175) mental retarded children. The result was as follows; (General mental retarded children means the children who live in their parent's home, & orphan mental retarded children means the children who live in orphanage.) 1. The dft rate was 31.6% in general mental retarded children (G.m.r.c.) & 20.7% in orphan mental retarded children (O. m. r. c.). The dft index was 3.73 in G.m.r.c. & 2.15 in O.m.r.c. 2. The DMFT rate was 24.6% in female G.m.r.c., 16.7% in male G.m.r.c., 12.7% in female O.m.r.c., 8.4% in male O.m.r.c. The DMFT index was 4.94 in female G.m.r.c., 4.01 in male G.m.r.c., 1.40 in male O.m.r.c., 2.75 in female O.m.r.c. 3. The malocclusion prevalence was 57.3%. the class I malocclusion was 14.2% Class II malocclusion 19.3%, Class III malocclusion 23.5%. The children with Down's syndrome had 60.0% of class III malocclusion prevalence. 4. The dental calculus index was 1.97 in male O.m.r.c., 1.81 in female O.m.r.c., 1.30 in male G.m.r.e., 1.13 in female G.m.r.c. 5. The dental plaque index was 3.06 in female G.m.r.c., 3.00 in male Gm.r.e. 2.70 in male O.m.r,c., 2.32 in female O.m.r.c.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제43권11호
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• pp.953-963
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• 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an infectious disease with multiple severe symptoms, such as fever over 37.5℃, cough, dyspnea, and pneumonia. In our research, microRNAs (miRNAs) binding to the genome sequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2 were identified by bioinformatic tools. Five miRNAs (hsa-miR-15a-5p, hsa-miR-15b-5p, hsa-miR-195-5p, hsa-miR-16-5p, and hsa-miR-196a-1-3p) were found to commonly bind to SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. We also identified miRNAs that bind to receptor proteins, such as ACE2, ADAM17, and TMPRSS2, which are important for understanding the infection mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. The expression patterns of those miRNAs were examined in hamster lung samples infected by SARS-CoV-2. Five miRNAs (hsa-miR-15b-5p, hsa-miR-195-5p, hsa-miR-221-3p, hsa-miR-140-3p, and hsa-miR-422a) showed differential expression patterns in lung tissues before and after infection. Especially, hsa-miR-15b-5p and hsa-miR-195-5p showed a large difference in expression, indicating that they may potentially be diagnostic biomarkers for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.11-15
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• 1963

A total of 220 adult male mice (18-20g) of the S.M. strain were divided into ten experimental and control groups. The total-body X-ray irradiation doses used were 50 r, 100r, 200r, 400r, 600r, 800r, 1,000r, 1,200r, 1,400r, and1,600r. The respiratory arrest (mortality) caused by each irradiation doses were observed for 30 days. Relationships between irradiation doses and survival time and percentage of response were examined. From this experiment, a formula was obtained to express the relationship among three factors, which may be presented as follows : {{{{{{{{P= { 10} over { SQRT { 2 pi } } INT _{ - INF }^{ p'} e-{(p'-50)^2 } over {200 }dp···(a) p'=100 LEFT { t^0.3- LEFT ( { { 16.9965} over {D-60 } } RIGHT ) ^{ { 1} over {2.5 } } } / LEFT { LEFT ( { 26372.43} over {D-81.86 } RIGHT ) ^{ { 1} over {2.5 } } -( { { 16.9965} over {D-60 } } RIGHT ) ^{ { 1} over {2.5 } } ···(b) p= { (D-60) t^0.75-16.9965} over {0.2186 t^0.75 +263.55434 }····(c) }} {{{{P= { 10} over { SQRT { 2 pi } } INT _{ - INF }^{ p'} e-{(p'-50)^2 } over {200 }dp···(a) p'=100 LEFT { t^0.3- LEFT ( { { 16.9965} over {D-60 } } RIGHT ) ^{ { 1} over {2.5 } } } / LEFT { LEFT ( { 26372.43} over {D-81.86 } RIGHT ) ^{ { 1} over {2.5 } } -( { { 16.9965} over {D-60 } } RIGHT ) ^{ { 1} over {2.5 } } ···(b) p= { (D-60) t^0.75-16.9965} over {0.2186 t^0.75 +263.55434 }····(c)

• BMB Reports
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2022

Skeletal myogenesis is essential to keep muscle mass and integrity, and impaired myogenesis is closely related to the etiology of muscle wasting. Recently, miR-141-3p has been shown to be induced under various conditions associated with muscle wasting, such as aging, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the functional significance and mechanism of miR-141-3p in myogenic differentiation have not been explored to date. In this study, we investigated the roles of miR-141-3p on CFL2 expression, proliferation, and myogenic differentiation in C2C12 myoblasts. MiR-141-3p appeared to target the 3'UTR of CFL2 directly and suppressed the expression of CFL2, an essential factor for actin filament (F-actin) dynamics. Transfection of miR-141-3p mimic in myoblasts increased F-actin formation and augmented nuclear Yes-associated protein (YAP), a key component of mechanotransduction. Furthermore, miR-141-3p mimic increased myoblast proliferation and promoted cell cycle progression throughout the S and G2/M phases. Consequently, miR-141-3p mimic led to significant suppressions of myogenic factors expression, such as MyoD, MyoG, and MyHC, and hindered the myogenic differentiation of myoblasts. Thus, this study reveals the crucial role of miR-141-3p in myogenic differentiation via CFL2-YAP-mediated mechanotransduction and provides implications of miRNA-mediated myogenic regulation in skeletal muscle homeostasis.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2015

본 논문은 램지 수에 대해 해결하지 못한 $43{\leq}R(5,5){\leq}49$와 $102{\leq}R(6,6){\leq}165$의 문제를 해결하였다. $k_n$ 완전 그래프의 램지 수 R(s,t)는 임의의 정점 ${\upsilon}$의 n-1개 부속 간선수가 (n-1)/2=R과 (n-1)/2=B의 2가지 색으로 정확히 양분된다. 따라서 임의의 정점 ${\upsilon}$로부터 거리 개념을 적용하여 {$K_L,{\upsilon}$}의 (n-1)/2=R, ${\upsilon},K_R$의 (n-1)/2=B색이 되도록 $K_n=K_L+{\upsilon}+K_R$ 분할 그래프를 형성하였다. 이로부터 $K_L$이 $K_{s-1)$의 R색을 형성하면 $K_s$를 얻을 수 있다. $K_R$이 $K_{t-1}$의 B색을 형성하면 $K_t$를 얻는다. $K_L$과 $K_R$의 최대 거리는 짝수와 모든 정점의 부속 간선 수는 동일하다는 필요충분조건을 만족시키는 $R(s,t)=K_n$을 구하였다. 결국, R(5,5)=43과 R(6,6)=91을 증명하였다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.235-253
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• 1992

A subacute toxicity study of cis-Malonato[(4R,5R)-4,5-bis(aminomethyl)-2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane]platinum(II)(SKI 2053R) was carried out to obtain information on its toxicological profiles, and to determine the maximum tolerated dose in beagle dogs. Four groups of beagle dogs (2M and 2F per group, 0,0.5,1.0,2.0mg/kg/day)were given 15 i.v. injections of SKI 2053R. In order to compare the toxic effects of SKI 2053R with those of cisplatin, one group was treated with cisplatin(0.7mg/kg/day)according to the same treatment schedule. The dosing schedule was divided into 3 courses of 5 consecutive days with 23-day dose-free intervals between each course. After completion of the treatments, remaining dogs were necropsied under established guidelines. Three of four dogs in the high dose group and one of four dogs in the middle dose group treated with SKI 2053R died of hypovolemic shock secondary to hemorrhagic and ulcerative enterocolitis. No toxicity-related mortality occurred in the low dose group of SKI 2053R. No survivor was observed in the group of cisplatin. Clinical signs including vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia and loss body weight were apparent in dogs given either cisplatin or high and middle doses of SKI 2053R. Severe thrombocytopenia and leukocytopenia were observed in the high dose group of SKI 2053R and cisplatin-treatment group, while toxicities as bone marrow suppression were reversible. The significant elevation of serum ALP values in group of SKI 2053R(2.0 mg/kg/day and 1.0mg/kg/day) and cisplatin(0.7mg/kg/day)was observed. Slight proteinuria waa observed in high and middle dose level groups of SKI 2053R. In histopathological examinations, pathological alterations of liver, kidney and spleen were noted dose-dependantly in dogs treated with SKI 2053R, and there was no overt sign of toxicity in low dose group of SKI 2053R. Compared to SKI 2053R, more severe durg-related toxicities occurred in dogs treated with cisplatin. It waw estimated that maximum tolerated dose of SKI 2053R in this treatment schedule was 0.5~0.7mg/kg/day. In conclusion, overall toxic potential of SKI 2053R was approximately 3 times lower than that of cisplatin with respect of lethality.