• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제36권2_1호
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• pp.121-137
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• 2020

동아시아 지역은 최근 인구급증과 경제성장으로 인해 화석연료의 사용이 증가함에 따라 이로 인한 대기오염물질 배출이 증가하여 대기질이 점차 악화되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) 위성 자료와 국가 대기오염물질 배출량 자료(National Emission Inventory)를 활용하여 동아시아의 대기현황 및 우리나라의 대기질에 국내외 배출량이 미치는 영향을 분석하고 이를 기반으로 미래 배출량을 추정하였다. 2005년부터 2015년까지 동아시아의 NO₂, SO₂ 농도를 분석한 결과, 두 물질 모두 NEC (North East China), SEC(South East China), SMA (Seoul Metropolitan Area) 순으로 높았다. SO₂는 우리나라와 중국의 편차가 크게 나타나NEC 지역은 SMA보다 1.63배 높았다. 농도비와 배출비 분석을 통해 국외 배출원이 우리나라 대기환경에 미치는 영향을 간접적으로 파악할 수 있었는데, NO₂/SO₂ 농도비는 우리나라와 중국 모두 2013년에 가장 높았고, SMA의 NO_x/SO_x 배출비는 2013년 이후 22% 이상 증가했다. 국내 배출량은 지속적으로 감소했으나 농도-배출량 비율(NO₂/NO_x, SO₂/SO_x)은 점차 증가하는 것으로 분석되었으며, 이는 곧 국내 배출량 외에 다른 요인(국외 배출원, 체류시간 변화 등)이 우리나라 수도권의 대기질에 영향을 주고 있다는 것으로 해석된다. SMA의 미래 배출량은 2025년에 NO_x, SO_x가 각각 296.2, 39.0 kton, 2035년에는 284.4, 33.8 kton 만큼 배출될 것으로 예측되었다. 본 연구에서는 공간적 제약을 받지 않는 위성자료의 장점을 이용하여 농도와 배출량 사이의 유의미한 결과를 도출하였으며, 이 연구에서 사용된 위성관측 농도와 배출량 간의 상호비교 분석방법론과 GEMS(Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer) 위성 산출물을 활용하여, 향후 국내 대기질 영향요인을 파악하기 위한 국외 발 대기오염물질 기여도 분석과 배출 인벤토리 보완을 위한 기초 자료를 제시할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.503-520
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• 2023

In this study, numerical simulations using community multiscale air quality (CMAQ) were conducted to analyze the change in ozone (O₃) concentration due to the reduction in nitrogen oxides (NO_x)andvolatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions in Busan. When the NO_x and, VOCs emissions were reduced by 40% and, 31%, respectively, the average O₃ concentration increased by 4.24 ppb, with the highest O₃ change observed in the central region (4.59 ppb). This was attributed to the decrease in O₃ titration by nitric oxide (NO) due to the reduction of NO_x emissions in Busan, which is classified as a VOCs-limited area. The distribution of O₃ concentration changes was closely related to NO_x emissions per area, and inland emissions were highly correlated with daily maximum concentrations and 8-h average O₃ concentrations. Contrastingly, the effect of emission reduction depended on the wind direction. This suggests that the emission reduction effects may vary depending on the environmental conditions. Further research is needed to comprehensively analyze the emission reduction effects in Busan.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1423-1428
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• 2003

We investigated the amount of the toxic gases emitted from the Electrostatic Precipitators(ESPs), which were currently used by indoor air cleaners. We used the wire-to-plate(WTP) type and the needle-to-plate(NTP) type corona discharger in our study. Using the voltage, the polarity of wire, the number of needles of NTP as the input variables, we studied the characteristic of Ozone and $NO_x$ generation in the ESPs. As the results, we found out that the concentration of Ozone, $NO_2$ and $NO_x$ is increased, but the amount of NO is decreased with increasing the voltage and the number of needles. And we knew that the generation rate of ozone and $NO_x$ is very related with the corona region.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.49-55
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• 1996

Water parsley(Oenanthe javanica(Blume) DC) was raised with varying population density(S) in the laboratory aquarium unit to determine the growth equation. The population density was measure after 7 days. The resultant growth curve was well fit to the equation 1/S = A+B (1/S0) with a high correlation coefficient ($R^2$ = 0.999). The maximum specific absorption rate was $9.011 \times 10^{-5}$ kg $NO_x-N/kg$ water parsley$\cdot$day and $1.31 \times 10^{-5}$ kg $PO_4-P/kg$ water parsley$\cdot$day when the average population density was $2.62 kg/m^2$. The relationship between population density and nutrient absorption rate, the absorption rate of $NO_x-N$ was 5.04~5.24 mg/l$\cdot$day when the population density was $7.51~10.0 $mg/m^2\cdot day$ and the absorption rate of $PO_4-P$ was 0.56~0.78 mg/l$\cdot$day when the population density was 5.02~10.0 $kg/m^2\cdot day$. Taking into account the nutrient absorption rate and growth rate, the population density between $7.0 kg/m^2\cdot day$ and $8.0 kg/m^2 \cdot day$ was selected. The removal rate of nutrient was investigated after 7 days culture. Removal rate of $NO_x-N$ was 95.6~99.95% with initial concentration of 35 mg $NO_x-N/l$, and the removal rate of $PO_4-P$ was also high, indicating 80.24~98.9% with initial concentration of 5.95 mg $PO_x-P/l$.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.597-609
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• 2018

산림청은 보조금 지원사업을 통해 2011년부터 2015년까지 76대의 산업용 목재펠릿보일러를 보급하였다. 보일러의 연소 시 발생하는 일산화탄소(CO) 및 질소산화물($NO_x$)는 각각 급성 중독 시 사망에까지 이르게 하는 물질이기 때문에 배출량을 줄이는 것이 매우 중요하다. 따라서 이들 보일러 중 열풍기와 초기에 보급된 일부 보일러를 제외한 63대의 보일러에서 배출된 CO 및 $NO_x$ 계측값을 분석하였다. 또한 측정된 배출가스 농도(배기가스 $O_2$ 농도 12% 기준)로부터 배출계수를 산출하였다. 산업용 목재펠릿보일러에서 배출된 CO의 평균값은 49 ppm이었으며, 해를 거듭함에 따라 CO의 농도가 줄어들고 있음이 확인되었다. 이때 CO의 배출계수는 0.73 g/kg였다. 산업용 목재펠릿보일러에서 배출된 $NO_x$의 평균값은 67 ppm였으며, $NO_x$의 배출계수는 1.63 g/kg이었다. CO와는 달리 설치년도에 따라 감소하는 경향은 나타나지 않았다. CO 및 $NO_x$ 계측값은 모두 환경부의 허용기준을 만족하였다. 이러한 $NO_x$ 배출계수를 저$NO_x$ 인증된 연소기에서 생성되는 $NO_x$ 배출계수와 비교하였다. 산업용 목재펠릿보일러의 $NO_x$ 배출계수는 저$NO_x$ 인증된 LNG 연소기의 $NO_x$ 배출계수에 비해 약 1.9배, 석탄 연소에 비해 약 0.92배였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.378-384
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• 2015

The long-term variations of ozone and nitrogen oxides in Suwon city, the capital of Gyeong-gi province, were examined from 1991 to 2012. In this period, the annual average $O_3$ concentration increased from 13.8 ppbv to 22.7 ppbv and that of $99^{th}$ percentile increased from 58.0 ppbv to 80.0 ppbv. The monthly average and $99^{th}$ percentile of $O_3$ concentrations were the highest in June. The increase in $O_3$ concentration was the greatest in early summer (May and June) before monsoon season began. While the concentrations of NO and NOx have gradually decreased since 2000, $NO_2$ remained unchanged. As a result, $NO_2/NO_x$ ratio increased from 0.5 to 0.73 in 2012. The monthly $NO_2/NO_x$ ratio was the highest in early summer, when monthly average $O_3$ concentration was the highest. It suggests that the enhanced $NO_2/NO_x$ ratio is intimately coupled with increase in $O_3$ for the last two decades in Suwon.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.110-119
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• 2008

Computer methods with simplified mathematical models in conjunction with empirical model parameters can be efficiently practiced into an optimization of a diesel aftertreatment system. Components of prime interests are diesel particulate filter, diesel oxidation catalyst and de-$NO_x$ catalytic converter. de-$NO_x$, de-PM, and de-HC processes in each part are individually modeled, formulated and then combined into an integrated analysis procedure for a unified simulation of the diesel emission aftertreatment. The model is empirically tuned and validated with comprehensive engine and laboratory data. The effects of emission species and space velocity on the $NO_x$ and soot reductions are parametrically investigated. A lowered $NO_2/NO_x$ ratio due to PM oxidation in DPF contributes to promote the $NO_x$ reduction by SCR at intermediate gas temperatures. $NO_x$ reduction is inert to the PM oxidation at high temperatures. Rate of PM trapping strongly depends on temperature and $NO_x$ concentration.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.4 No.2
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• pp.1127-1130
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• 2003

In the last several centuries, humankind have been experienced the material abundance with a development of technical civilization and being industrialized quickly. During the process of this, environmental pollutant have occurred naturally so that humankind have more interests for environment pollutant. Air pollution caused by exhaust from a car is very harmful for human. Most of exhaust from a gasoline engine are $CO_x(CO+CO_2),\;NO_x(NO+NO_2)$, and THC(Total Hydrocarbon). The method to remove these kinds of noxious gases are so many thing such as the three catalysts, $NO_x$ catalysts, Filter and so on. However, although air pollution caused by exhaust from motorcycle have also occurred very much, there is no regulation for motorcycle. In this paper, we studied to remove $CO_x(CO+CO_2),\;NO_x(NO+NO_2)$, THC exhaust from a motorcycle using non-thermal plasma In the result, $NO_x(NO+NO_2)$ concentration was decreased approximately 70% and THC(Total Hydrocarbon) was removed about 40%.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1990

The purpose of the study was to analyze air quality in underground shopping centers using pattern recognition methods. In order to perform this, the concentraion of air pollutants such as $CO, NO_2, NO_x, SO_2$, and particulate matters was measured at the 11 different shopping centers in Seoul metropolitan area and the total of 47 samples were obtained at random based on the size of shopping centers. To introduce a new concept of the "average concentration" for the indoor air quality analyses, the various multivariate statistical analyses have been studied. Thus, a cluster analysis was applied to separate the samples into pseudo-patterns and a disjoint principal component analysis was used to generate homogeneous patterns after removing outliers from the pseudo-patterns. The 6 homogeneous patterns were then obtained as follows:the first pattern was a group of clean sites;the second a group of sites having high dust concentration;the third a group of sites having high dust and $NO_x$ concentration;the fourth a group of sites having low dust and $SO_2$ concentraion and high CO concentration;the fifth a group of sites having high $NO_2 and SO_2$ concentration;and the final a group of miscellaneous sites. Thus, the average concentration could be estimated for each pattern.h pattern.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2000

The goals of this research are to understand the $NO_x$ emission in direct injected diesel engine with premixed hydrogen fuel. Hydrogen fuel was supplied into the test engine through the intake pipe. Amount of hydrogen-supplemented fuel was 70 percent basis heating value of the total fuel. The effects of exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) on $NO_x$ emission were studied. The exhaust gas was recirculated to the intake manifold and the amount of exhaust gas was controlled by the valve. The major conclusions of this work include: (i) the tested engine was run without backfire under 70 percent hydrogen fuel supplemented; (ii) the peak cylinder pressure was decreased with increase of EGR ratio due to the decrease of oxygen concentration in an intake pipe; and (iii) $NO_x$ emission was decreased by 77% with 30% EGR ratio. Therefore, it may be concluded that EGR is effective method to lower $NO_x$ emission in hydrogen fueled diesel engine.