• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1110-1115
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• 2014

The matrix-star and the transposition graphs are considered as star graph variants that have various merits in graph theory such as node symmetry, fault tolerance, recursive scalability, etc. This paper describes an one-to-one mapping algorithm from a matrix-star graph to a transposition graph using adjacent properties in graph theory. The result show that a matrix-star graph $MS_{2,n}$ can be embedded in a transposition graph $T_{2n}$ with dilation n or less and average dilation 2 or less.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.284-287
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• 2005

The flowers of Chrysanthemum boreale Makino were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with n-hexane, EtOAc, n-BuOH and $H_2O$. Two compounds from the n-hexane fraction and one glucoside from the n-BuOH fraction were isolated through the repeated silica gel and ODS column chromatographies. From the result of physico-chemical data including NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as ${\beta}-sitosterol$ (1), phytol (2) and zingerone $4-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (3). Compounds 2 and 3 were isolated for the first time from this plant.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2006

Phragmites australis (reed) has received much attention as being one of the principle emergent aquatic plants for treating industrial and civil wastewater. Plant regeneration via plant tissue culture in p. australis was investigated. Three types of callus were identified from seeds on N6 medium plus 4.5 UM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Yellow compact type showed the best redifferentiation, whereas white compact type and yellow friable were not competent to differentiate into plane. Solid medium culture was better than liquid suspension culture for enhancing callus growth when N6 medium supplemented with 4.5 ${\mu}M$ 2,4-D was used. Phytagel, as a gelling agent, was superior to agar in plant regeneration on N6 medium, supplemented with 9.4 ${\mu}M$ kinetin and 0.54 ${\mu}M$ $\alpha$-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Transfer of the plantlets regenerated from kinetin and NAA-supplemented N6 medium to growth regulator-free MS medium enhanced the further development of the plantlets. Plantlets on subsequently grown to maturity when tansferred to potting soil. The regenerated plants exhibited morphologically normal. The system for plant regeneration of P. australis enables to propagate elite lines on a large scale for water purification in the ecosystem

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 1998

A bacterium producing unique antistaphylococcal substance (ASS) was isolated from soil samples. The isolated strain KUH-001 was identified to belong to Pseudomonas species from the characteristic properties of its fluorescence and cellular 3-hydroxy fatty acid composition, etc. The ASS component was purified by procedures employing activated carbon adsorption, column chromatography with silica gel, preparative TLC and HPLC. This compound could also be purified mainly by repeating of trituration and precipitation with chilled ether. Purified ASS with a m.p. value of $140~142^{\circ}C$ showed marked stability at high temperature (at $121^{\circ}C$ for 10 min) and extreme pHs (in 1N HC1 and 1N NaOH for 1 day) without significant loss of antibiotic activity. From spectral data of UV, IR, NMR, and FAB-MS, the compound was elucidated as 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide (HHQO). Under the conditions employed, HHQO exhibited a narrow antimicrobial spectrum. active particularly against Staphylococcus aureus including the methicillin resistant strain. Moreover, it did not induce resistance, and besides, interacted synergistically with certain antibiotics such as vancomycin or erythromycin.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.946-951
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• 2005

Biodegradation of the endocrine-disrupting chemical di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) was investigated using a bacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens B-1, isolated from mangrove sediment. The effects of temperature, pH, salinity, and oxygen availability on DBP degradation were studied. Degradation of DBP was monitored by solid-phase extraction using reversed-phase HPLC and UV detection. The major metabolites of DBP degradation were identified as mono-n-butyl phthalate and phthalic acid by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and a pathway of degradation was proposed. Degradation by P. fluorescens B-1 conformed to first-order kinetics. Degradation of DBP was also tested in seawater by inoculating P. fluorescens B-1, and complete degradation of an initial concentration of $100{\mu}g/l$ was achieved in 144 h. These results suggest that DBP is readily degraded by bacteria in natural environments.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.31 no.4 s.117
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• pp.369-375
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• 2006

Mechanical properties of potato and sweet potato were measured under impact and compression loading. The test apparatus consisted of disgital storage oscilloscope and simple mechanisms which can apply compression and impact forces to potatoes and sweet potatoes. The mechanical properties could be measured while the tissues were ruptured in a very short period time less than 10 ms by impact loading. Rupture force, energy, and deformation were measured as mechanical properties of potatoes and sweet potatoes under impact and compression loading. Rupture forces under impact and compression loading were in the range of 84.1 to 93.7N and 128.9 to 132.2N for external tissues and 60.1 to 64.8N and 158.9 to 171.1N for internal tissues of potato and sweet potato, respectively. Compression speeds and drop heights for each test were in the range of 1.25 to 62.5mm/min and 8 to 24cm.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.263-267
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• 2005

In order to isolate hyaluronidase (HAase) inhibitor from Astragali radix (AR), dried roots were extracted with ethanol, prior to sequential fractionations with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions. The n-butanol soluble fraction was found to exhibit the most pronounced inhibitory effect (68%) on HAase, and the active components were separated using various chromatographic methods, including column chromatography and preparative HPLC. The active component was isolated from the n-butanol soluble fraction of AR and was structurally identified as calycosin-7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside by LC-MS, IR, $^1H$ NMR, and $^{13}C$ NMR analysis. The $IC_{50}$ of calycosin-7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside's HAase activity was found to be 3.7 mg/mL.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.711-717
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• 2005

A magenta azomethine dye(D) was synthesized from the reaction of 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazoline-5-one with N,N-diethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine. The magenta azomethine dye was identified on the basis of elemental analysis, $^{13}C-NMR$, infrared, and GC/MS studies. The magenta azomethine dye was decomposed in a basic solution. Rate constants of the fading reaction of magenta azomethine dye in ethanol-water solvent were measured spectrophoto­metrically at 540 nm. Reaction rate was increased with the increase of $[OH\^{-}]\;and\;[H\_{2}O]$ in the region of $[H_{2}O]=11\~40\;M$. The reaction was governed by the following rate law. -d[D]/dt = $\{k_o\;+\;k_{OH}[OH^-][H_{2O}]\}[D]$ A possible mechanism consistent with the empirical rate law has been proposed.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.44-55
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• 2024

High-utility itemset mining (HUIM) is a dominant technology that enables enterprises to make real-time decisions, including supply chain management, customer segmentation, and business analytics. However, classical support value-driven Apriori solutions are confined and unable to meet real-time enterprise demands, especially for large amounts of input data. This study introduces a groundbreaking model for top-N high utility itemset mining in real-time enterprise applications. Unlike traditional Apriori-based solutions, the proposed convolutional sequential embedding metrics-driven cosine-similarity-based multilayer perception learning model leverages global and contextual features, including semantic attributes, for enhanced top-N recommendations over sequential transactions. The MATLAB-based simulations of the model on diverse datasets, demonstrated an impressive precision (0.5632), mean absolute error (MAE) (0.7610), hit rate (HR)@K (0.5720), and normalized discounted cumulative gain (NDCG)@K (0.4268). The average MAE across different datasets and latent dimensions was 0.608. Additionally, the model achieved remarkable cumulative accuracy and precision of 97.94% and 97.04% in performance, respectively, surpassing existing state-of-the-art models. This affirms the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed model in real-time enterprise scenarios.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.859-865
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• 2014

This study was conducted to analyze the hydrocarbons and 2-alkylcyclobutanones as marker compounds in walnuts after the walnuts' exposure to ${\gamma}$ irradiation. The samples were irradiated with gamma rays at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 kGy doses. The lipids were extracted via soxhlet extraction using hexane, and were separated by florisil column and identified via gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The hydrocarbons that were detected were 8-heptadecene ($C_{17:1}$) and 1,7-hexadecadiene ($C_{16:2}$) from oleic acid and 8,11-heptadecadiene ($C_{17:2}$) and 1,7,10-hexadecatriene ($C_{16:3}$) from linoleic acid. The 2-alkylcyclobutanones that were detected were 2-dodecylcyclobutanone (DCB) from palmitic acid, 2-tetradecylcyclobutanone (TCB) from stearic acid, 2-(5'-tetradecenyl)cyclobutanone (TECB) from oleic acid, and 2-(5',8'-tetradecadienyl)cyclobutanone (5',8'-TCB) from linoleic acid. The correlation between the irradiation dose and the concentrations of the hydrocarbons and 2-alkylcyclobutanones in the walnuts was found to be linear. The radio-induced hydrocarbons and 2-alkylcyclobutanones were clearly detected in the irradiated walnuts at 1 kGy and above, but not in the non-irradiated ones. The major hydrocarbons obtained after irradiation were 8-heptadecene from oleic acid and 8,11-heptadecadiene and 1,7,10-hexadecatriene from linoleic acid, and the major 2-alkylcyclobutanones were TECB from oleic acid and 5',8'-TCB from linoleic acid. Therefore, these major compounds were concluded to be the marker compounds for determining the irradiated and non-irradiated samples.