• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.319-324
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• 2018

Due to climate change, water shortages and water-related disasters will be serious. Since the damage and frequency of drought are increasing, the importance of water resource management technology is increasing. In this study, we analyzed the amount of greenhouse gas and the environmental impact caused by the production and operation system technologies of movable weir among various water resource management technologies. The research subjects were air inflatable rubber dams widely used in rivers and upright type rubber dams, which are an improvement on the existing rubber type. Each type of dam was studied at sizes of $1,500H{\times}10,000L\;mm$ and $3,000H{\times}20,000L\;mm$, and the two types and two sizes were compared and analyzed. Using life cycle assessment, we examined the environmental impacts using the amount of electricity required for operation and the discretionary amount required for production. In the '$1,500H{\times}10,000L$' dams, the global warming indexes were $9.35E+04kg\;CO_2-eq$. for upright type and $7.36E+04kg\;CO_2-eq$. for inflatable type. At size of '$3,000H{\times}20,000L$' the global warming indexes were $9.09E+05kg\;CO_2-eq$. for upright type and $1.07E+06kg\;CO_2-eq$. for inflatable type. Analysis of the life cycle environmental impact showed that the environmental impact of the air inflatable rubber dam was reduced by 39.8% at '$1,500H{\times}10,000L$' compared to the larger size. At the larger '$3,000H{\times}20,000L$' size, the upright dam showed a 10.1% smaller impact than the air inflatable rubber dam. Selection of water resource management system should consider climate change, not only management purpose and cost. Additional studies and improvements on rubber dam systems should be made.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.157-170
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the improvement of vulvodynia and genital pruritus caused by unidentified genital ulcer after Korean medicine treatment. Methods: The patient who complained vulvodynia and genital pruritus caused by unidentified genital ulcers was treated by acupuncture, moxibustion, fumigation, and herbal medicine as Eunhwasagan-tang, Guibi-tang-gami-bang for 5 days. The effect of treatment was evaluated by Numeral Rating Scale (NRS), The 5 level of EuroQol 5 Dimension scale (EQ-5D-5L), EuroQol-Visual Analog Scale (EQ-VAS). Results: After the treatment, the chief complaint and general conditions were improved. NRS was decreased from 8 to 3 and scores of EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS were increased from 0.416, 10 to 0.904, 80 each. Conclusion: This study shows that the skin lesion, vulvodynia, and pruitus caused by genital ulcer was improved after the Korean traditional treatment and it can be effective medical alternatives or options for genital ulcer patients.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.112-120
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• 2022

Background: The prognostic factors for patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears (RCTs) include tear size, muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration. However, the influence of early coexisting degenerative changes on RCT outcomes is unappreciated. The purpose of this study was to calculate the impact that pre-existing partial glenohumeral cartilaginous changes have on patients undergoing arthroscopic RCT repair. Methods: A study of 54 patients undergoing arthroscopic RCT repair was undertaken. The presence of co-existing patches of glenohumeral degenerative cartilaginous changes and RCT size was recorded at surgery. Pre- and postoperative outcomes were assessed using traditional (Oxford Shoulder Score [OSS], 5-level EuroQol-5D [EQ-5D-5L] questionnaire and EuroQol visual analog scale [EQ-VAS]) and patient-centric re-formatted prisms. Outcomes were assessed as an entire dataset, and sub-group analysis was performed according to the grade of co-existing arthritis and tear size. Results: Significant improvements (p<0.05) in clinical outcomes were recognized when assessed using either the traditional or reformatted prisms (average % improvements in OSS, EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS were 47%, 33% and 43%, respectively; average improvements in pain, function, and psychological well-being were 48%, 33% and, 29%, respectively). Positive gain was noted in all sub-groups of arthritic grading and tear size. Conclusions: Good clinical outcomes can be achieved following RCT repair even in the presence of local partial degenerative cartilage changes and advancing tear size. These benefits are patient-centered but require RCT repairability.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.369-377
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• 2013

고구마뿌리에 비하여 많은 양이 폐기되는 고구마 줄기와 잎의 이용을 활성화시키고 기능성식품 소재로의 가능성을 알아보기 위하여 잎이 달려 있는 보라색 고구마줄기를 재래시장에서 구입하여 고구마잎(SL), 고구마줄기(ST), 껍질 제거한 고구마줄기(PST)의 총 폴리페놀과 총 플라보노이드 함량을 측정하고, in vitro 시스템에서의 항산화효과, 항알레르기 및 항염증효과를 검색하고자 하였다. 고구마잎은 데치고, 고구마줄기는 생으로 동결건조한 후 에탄올 추출물을 얻어 실험하였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 SL(11.03 mg tannic acid/g)> ST(0.87 mg tannic acid/g)> PST(0.37 mg tannic acid/g)이었고, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 SL(9.01 mg rutin/g)> ST(0.50 mg rutin/g)> PST(0.25 mg rutin/g)이었다(p<0.001). DPPH 라디칼을 50% 제거시키는 에탄올 추출물의 농도($IC_{50}$)는 SL($43.6{\mu}g/mL$)< ST($308.4{\mu}g/mL$)$1,631.3{\mu}g/mL$)로 고구마잎이 가장 우수한 효과를 나타내었다. 양성대조시약으로 사용한 BHA의 $IC_{50}$값은 $8.30{\mu}g/mL$이었으며, 처리 농도 $1,000{\mu}g/mL$에서의 환원력은 SL($59.72{\mu}g$ ascorbic acid eq./mL)> ST($12.56{\mu}g$ ascorbic acid eq./mL)> PST($2.18{\mu}g$ ascorbic acid eq./mL)로 고구마잎이 가장 좋았다(p<0.001). 한편 염증반응에 관여하는 xanthine oxidase(XO) 활성저해율을 측정한 결과 처리 농도 $250{\mu}g/mL$에서 SL(13.06%)> ST(5.05%)> PST(0.0%)로 고구마잎이 줄기에 비하여 우수하였으며(p<0.01), 처리 농도 $50{\mu}g/mL$에서의 5-lipoxygenase(LOX) 활성저해율은 SL(91.16%)> ST(33.38%)> PST(14.93%)로(p<0.001) 고구마잎의 효과는 양성대조시약인 EGCG의 저해율(94.42%)과 비슷한 정도로 매우 우수하였다. 또한 $250{\mu}g/mL$ 농도로 처리 시 cyclooxygenase(COX)-2 활성저해율은 SL(55.34%)> ST(2.18%)> PST(0.0%)로 XO 활성저해율과 비슷한 패턴을 보였다(p<0.001). 측정변수들 간의 상관관계를 분석해 본 결과 총 폴리페놀 함량은 플라보노이드 함량($r^2$=0.9988, p<0.001), 환원력($r^2$=0.9982, p<0.001), XO 활성저해율($r^2$=0.8322, p<0.05), COX-2 활성저해율($r^2$=0.9950, p<0.001), 5-LOX 활성저해율과 양의 상관관계($r^2$=0.9823, p<0.001)를 나타내었으며, 플라보노이드 함량은 환원력($r^2$=0.9946, p<0.001), XO 활성저해율($r^2$=0.8392, p<0.05), 5-LOX 활성저해율($r^2$=0.9749, p<0.01), COX-2 활성저해율과 유의한 양의 상관관계($r^2$=0.9937, p<0.001)를 보였다. 또한, 환원력은 XO 활성 저해율($r^2$=0.8384, p<0.05), 5-LOX 활성저해율($r^2$=0.9883, p<0.001) 및 COX-2 활성저해율과 유의한 양의 상관관계($r^2$=0.9954, p<0.001)를 나타내었으며, XO 활성저해율은 5-LOX 활성저해율과 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였으나($r^2$=0.8786, p<0.05) COX-2 활성저해율과는 상관성을 보이지 않았다. 5-LOX 활성저해율은 COX-2 활성저해율과 유의한 양의 상관관계($r^2$=0.9815, p<0.01)를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과들로부터 고구마잎은 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량이 매우 높았고 우수한 항산화효과를 보였으며, 알레르기 및 염증반응과 관련이 있는 효소인 XO, 5-LOX 및 COX-2의 활성도 모두 억제하는 효과도 우수하였지만 특히 5-LOX 활성 억제효과는 EGCG와 비슷한 정도로 매우 우수하였다. 따라서 건강을 위하여 고구마잎의 섭취를 증대시킬 수 있는 다양한 방안을 강구할 필요가 있으며, 고구마 줄기를 섭취할 경우에는 가능한 껍질을 모두 섭취하는 것이 좋겠다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2009

Objectives: This study was conducted to estimate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) using EuroQoL-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) and to identify its related factors among urban-dwelling adults. Methods: The data for this study were obtained from 1,134 subjects aged $20\sim91$, who participated in 'Survey on the health status and demand for health' in two cities of Korea (Dong-gu, Gwangju and Suncheon-si, Jeollanamdo). The HRQOL was measured using the EQ-5D instrument and EQ-5D index scores were calculated by two Korean valuation study model using time trade-off method. Results: The mean EQ-5D index scores for all subjects were $0.865{\pm}0.218$ (model A), and $0.921{\pm}0.170$ (model B). The EQ-5D index score was significantly different according to demographic and socioeconomic characteristics (gender, age, marital status, education, occupation, income, and health security system), self-rated health condition, health-related psychological assessments (enough sleep, fatigue rate, stress rate, and degree of satisfaction on the residence). The results of multiple linear regression showed that age, marital status, income, coverage of medical insurance, self-rated health condition, and fatigue rate were significantly related common statistical factors of HRQOL in two Korean valuation study model. Conclusion: Among the adults residing in urban environment, the HRQOL was significantly lower on the subjects with following conditions: higher age, being alone without a spouse as a result of death, divorce or separation, low income, medical aid program, poor self-rated health condition, and chronic fatigue. In order to improve the urban adults' quality of life, healthcare policy and health promotion program must be developed with considerations to factors related to the HRQOL.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.371-380
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• 1990

This experiment was performed to investigate the electrocardiographic changes in experimentally induced hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia in Korean black goats by dosing with 5% disodiumethylene diamine tetraacetic acid at 0.07$m\ell$/kg body weight/min and 10% Ca-borog-luconate at 0.075 $m\ell$/kg body weight/min, respectively. the result were summarized as follows： Heart rate, S-T segment and Q-Tc interval at 3.23 ${\pm}$ 0.10mEq/L plasma calcium level(hypocalcemia) were increased to 100${\pm}$10.5 rate/min, 132 ${\pm}$10msec and 510${\pm}$40msec, respectively. Heart rate, S-T segment and Q-T interval at 6.89${\pm}$0.23mEq/L plasma calcium level(hypercalcemia) were decreased to 73.2${\pm}$5.16 rate/min, 87${\pm}$10msec and 372${\pm}$30msec, respectively. The degree of changes of the heart rate, S-T segment and Q-Tc interval at low plasma calcium level was higher than those at high plasma calcium level.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.631-633
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• 1995

70 cows with abomasal torsion and 71 cows with right-side displacement of the abomasum were examined to determine whether the preoperative blood base-excess concentration could be used both as a prognostic indicator for postoperative recovery in cows with abomasal torsion and as an aid in differentiating between abomasal torsion and right-side displacement of the abomasum. The survival rate of cows with abomasal torsion decreased as the base-excess concentration decreased(P=0.08). There was a significant difference(P<0.025) among base-excess ranges between abomasal torsion and right-side displacement of the abomasum. Most cows with base-excess concentrations ${\geq}15.0mEq/L$ and ${\leq}-0.5mEq/L$ had abomasal torsion, rather than right-side displacement of the abomasum.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.260-263
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• 2008

공항에 인접한 주거지역에서 항공기 소음문제로 인하여 거주자들에게 소음피해가 발생하고 있다. 이러한 항공기소음을 저감하기 위한 방법 중 건물외피를 차음성능이 높은 구조로 변경하여 건축물의 차음량을 개선시키는 수음원 대책이 일반적으로 사용되고 있다. 특히 건축물 방음시설 설치는 건물외피 중 외부소음에 가장 취약한 창호의 차음량을 증가시키는 것이 효과적인데, 본 연구에서는 기존 창호에 비하여 차음성능이 높은 창호를 교체 설치하여 건축물의 차음량 개선치를 $L_{max}$, SEL, $L_{eq}$로 각각 검토 비교함과 동시에 창호의 기밀성능을 위한 기밀재 및 추가 모헤어의 설치조건에 따른 차음성능을 검토해 보았다. 측정결과 방음시설 설치 후 항공기소음을 $L_{max}$, SEL, $L_{eq}$로 차음량 개선치를 각각 평가한 결과 1.8dB 이내의 편차를 갖는 것으로 나타났으며, 창의 차음성능 개선치는 기밀재 설치 후 $R'45^{\circ}$,w가 5dB, 기밀재 및 추가 모헤어 설치 후 8dB로 나타났다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2023

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a chronic and recurrent upper gastrointestinal symptom that has no organic cause. A 49-year-old male patient positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) visited the clinic because of FD and constipation. He received complex Korean medicine treatment, including acupuncture and herbal medicines, from April 14 to July 18, 2022 (27 times) in the outpatient department. Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), Nepean Dyspepsia Index (NDI), FD-related quality of life (FD-QoL), Euro QoL visual analog scale (EQ-VAS), and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) were used as evaluation tools in this study. Symptoms were relieved after 3 months of treatment, and his QoL improved (GSRS, 15-3; NDI, 110-21; FD-QoL, 52-20 [eating status, 10-3; liveliness status, 12-8; psychological, 1-0; role-functioning status, 18-9]; EQ-VAS, 40-65; NRS, 8-4). The results revealed that complex Korean medicine treatment could alleviate FD and constipation in patients with HIV.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of low sodium dialysate (LSD) rather than conventional dialysate on interdialytic weight gain (IWG), blood pressure (BP), and intradialytic side-effects (ISEs) in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Methods: The study was performed in 43 patients, who were treated in the university hospital over 8 weeks. Each participant's serum sodium set point was measured using dialysate sodium 140 mEq/L during the first 4 weeks. For the next 4 weeks dialysate sodium concentrate (134,136,and138 mEq/L) was provided to each participant but only to an experimental group (EG) (n=22) based on the individual set point, although 140 mEq/L dialysate was given to all of the control group (CG) (n=21). Consequently, outcomes including IWG, BP, and ISE were evaluated. Results: In EG, difference of pre-HD SBP (p=.047) and post-HD serum sodium (p=.006) were significantly decreased compared to CG. Also, ISEs was not more frequent in EG. However, the differences were not statistically significant, IWG (kg & %), pre-HD DBP, post-HD SBP & DBP, and serum osmolality in EG. Conclusion: Individual application of LSD in patients on maintenance hemodialysis is beneficial to decrease pre-HD SBP and post-HD serum sodium without increasing ISE. Therefore, LSD can be better treatment than conventional dialysate.