• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.606-612
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• 2013

Glycidol-poly(lactide) (Gly-PLA) were synthesized via L-lactide ring opening polymerization with glycidol as an initiator and $Al(O-i-Pr)_3$ catalyst. The structure of Gly-PLA was analyzed and successfully confirmed by 1H NMR. The OH group of glycidol in Gly-PLA was absent according to the $^1H$ NMR analysis, indicating that the terminal OH group of glycidol successfully served as an initiator in the L-lactide polymerization. The solution and bulk polymerizations of L-lactide with glycidol were performed to examine the effect of L-lactide/glycidol molar ratio, polymerization temperature and time on the molecular characteristics of Gly-PLA. The conversion and molecular weight increased with an increase in L-lactide/glycidol molar ratio. Gly-PLA showed the bimodal type DSC curve. The low $T_m$ peak of low molecular weight reduced but the high $T_m$ peak of high molecular weight increased as L-lactide/glycidol molar ratio increased.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.985-989
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• 2010

This experiment was conducted to clarify the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on vase life of cut 'Blue Magic' iris. Pretreatment for 4 h with concentrations of 500 nL and 1000 nL 1-MCP, an inhibitor of ethylene action, inhibited the wilting and inrolling response of cut iris. The vase life of iris flowers of 500 nL or 1000 nL 1-MCP treatment was prolonged to 0.5 day compared to those held in distilled water (control). Vase life of iris showed no significant difference between $3{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ ethylene exposure after 1-MCP treatment and control. 1-MCP treatment inhibited inrolling and increased fresh weight, water uptake, and water balance. The increase of fresh weight was high in 500 nL 1-MCP treatment and water uptake was increased by 1000 nL 1-MCP. Especially, iris flower without 1-MCP treatment dramatically decreased the water uptake as compared to the control for four or five days. Water balance of iris flowers held in water was changed to minus value faster than those with pretreatment of 1-MCP.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.207-216
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• 1995

This study was conducted to establish technologies for plug seedling production using somatic embryos-derived regenerants and their seeds in Bupleurum falcatum L. Among distilled water, GA (0.1mg/l) and putrescine (0.lmg/l) treated to regenerants for acclimatization, GA was most effective to develop shoots and roots, 1/2X MS medium and NAA 0.1mg/l + BA 0. 5mg/l enhanced the growth rates of the regenerants and increased dry weight. Activated charcoal effected to grow markedly leaves and roots of the regenerants at the level of 0.4 %. Regenerants increased their plant height, root length and dry weight at $30^{\circ}C$. Plug seedlings originated from seeds of the tissue culture regenerants showed the maxium growth on the mixture of peatmoss soil (2) and mountain sand (1) .Root length, leaf area and dry weight of plug seedlings increased significantly when No.1, 2 and 3 of Wondergrow solution were mixed in the ratio of 1.3 - 0.9 - 0.1. Light supplement (4%) and high tem­perature $(30^{\circ}C)$ promoted the growth of plug seedlings as well as dry weight. Ninety days seedlings were more vigorous and adaptable for transplanting than other seedlings.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 2003

This experiment was conducted to find the effect of a non-purine cytokinin, thidiazuron(TDZ), on the increase of berry size and fruit quality in 'Kyoho' grapes. For the comparison, the effect of forchlorfenuron(CPPU) was also examined The number of shot berries per cluster was significantly increased by the application of TDZ at 5 days after calyptra fall, resulting in the increase of cluster weight but no increase of each berry weight. The increase of berry weight was found when TDZ was applied at 10 to 15 days after calyptra fall. Gibberellin(GA $25mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) was also effective on the increase of berry weight and the combined application of GA and TDZ further increased the berry weight. TDZ showed stronger effect on the increase of berry weight than CPPU at the same concentration. Berry ripening was more delayed at higher concentration of TDZ but no chemical injury was observed even at $20mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Results indicated that TDZ was effective on the quality improvement through berry weight increase and the recommended concentration TDZ for 'Kyoho' grapes was 5 to $10mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.200-206
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• 2014

We investigated the in vitro and in vivo anti-obesity effects of extracts from young Akebia quinata D. leaves, including hot water (AQH) and 80% ethanol (AQE) extracts. The inhibitory effects of AQH and AQE on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells were examined by Oil Red O staining. Compared to control, lipid accumulation was significantly reduced by 18.3% with the treatment upon AQE at a concentration of $5{\mu}g/mL$. The levels of intracellular triglycerides and free glycerol were also reduced by 52.8% and 9.1% at the same concentration of AQE. The in vivo anti-obesity effect of AQE was evaluated in terms of body and white adipose tissue weights in ICR mice. Experimental groups were divided into the following five groups: normal diet (ND), high fat diet (HFD), high fat diet with 60 mg/kg/day of Orlistat (HFD-RF), high fat diet with 200 mg/kg/day of AQE (HFD-AL), and high fat diet with 600 mg/kg/day of AQE (HFD-AH). Feeding of HFD for eight weeks resulted in significant increases in body weight as well as weight gain compared to the ND group. HFD-AH group showed reduced body weight, weight gain, epididymal white adipose tissue weight, and perirenal white adipose weight as compared to the HFD group. These results indicate that AQE supplementation might have beneficial effects on anti-obesity by inhibiting lipid accumulation.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.85-93
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• 2013

This study has been conducted to investigate the effect of GA₃ solution dipping treatment after 1 days full bloom on spike growth and fruit quality at harvest of 'Campbell Early' grapevine. The fruit cluster growth(weight, length, width) and fruit stalk(diameter, length) at harvest were increased significantly by GA₃ 10 mg·L^-1 solution dipping treatment compared to control and another concentration. The berry growth (berry No, weight, length, diameter) at harvest showed no difference by treatment GA₃ concentration different. Spike weight was increased by GA₃ 5, 10, 20, mg·L^-1 treatment compared to control, but no difference GA₃ 40 mg·L^-1 treatment. The degree of compact berry, bloom, skin color and SSC at harvest by GA₃ solution dipping treatment were not significantly different from those of control. but increased seedlessness induction by GA₃ 10 mg·L^-1 treatment. The occurrence percent of berry cracking by GA₃ 5, 10, 20, 40 mg·L^-1 treatment significantly decreased. The bitter rot of berry harvest showed no difference by treatment GA₃ concentration different. Total spike length was increased by GA₃ 5, 10 mg·L^-1 treatment compared to control and GA₃ 20, 40 mg·L^-1 treatment. The spike length of 1st from 15th to position increased by GA₃ 10 mg·L^-1 treatment.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.131-137
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• 2012

This study was investigated to characterize the stormwater runoff pollutant materials from the urban area mixed with industrial area. Almost the similar rainfall pattern is shown during the 5 years, and the yearly precipitation was 5.2~6.6 mm. The first flushing effect during the early-stage rainfall-run off was observed in some events. EMC ranges are 19.3~39.9 mg/L for BOD, 45.2~190 mg/L for CODcr, 67.2~351 mg/L for TSS, 3.6~10.3 mg/L for TN, 1.2~2.5 mg/L for TP. Heavy metal are not detected except Zn which is observed at only one event. The particle size was distributed to 10 ${\mu}m$ at the 3% weight volume and the 50% cumulative weight percent was shown at 12 ${\mu}m$.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.71-75
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• 2008

The object of this study was to determine the optimum concentrations of boron and IBA and dipping time, and to investigate the effect of combined-treatment of boron and IBA for the improvement of rooting of semi-hardwood cutting of Styrax japonica. The rooting percentage and the number of roots of cuttings increased with short dipping treatment of $7,000mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ IBA and combined treatment of $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ IBA and $20mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ boron or $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ IBA and $60mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ boron. The rooting percentage, no. of roots and fresh weight were higher in combined treatment of boron and IBA than treatment of IBA alone. Either $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ or $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ was regarded as in appropriate level of IBA and the optimal dipping time was three hour in single treatment of IBA. It is concluded that the combined treatment of low concentrations of IBA and boron could be substituted for the treatment of high concentration IBA.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.71-74
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• 1986

The author tried to clarify the distribution of the total length and body weight of the file h, Navodos modcstus, caught by trawl net during July, 1984 in the southern sea korea. Among the catches of five times fishing operation, 1540 individuals were randomly sampled for the measurement. The results are summarized as follows; " The distribution of total length showed bimodal type, wbich was able to analyzed into two normal distributions N(17.46, 1. 02^2) and N(22.09, 1. 77^2). And smaller group was much than older one. The age of the sample estimated from the total length distribution of. smaller group was 1. 5 to 2, and the larger group 2. 5 to 4. The relationship between the total length and the body weight can be presented as following equation: $$W=0.01726 L^{2.8507}$$ ' or $$W= 0.01109 L^{3.0}$$ or $$W= 0.01109 L^{3.0}$$.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.483-490
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• 2003

Chitosan, hydroxycitrate and L-carnitine have been known to be antiobesity components. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the combined effects of chitosan, hydroxycitrate and L-carnitine mixture as a potential antiobesity supplement in overweight women. Pre-menopausal healthy females who were overweight (percent ideal body weight > 110) were included in this study. Forty-nine subjects randomly received a placebo (n = 25) or antiobesity-supplement (n = 24), which was a mixture of chitosan, hydroxycitrate, and L-carnitine. Before and after the eight-week experimental period, anthropometric parameters, blood components and computerized tomography were measured. At baseline, the two groups were well matched in terms of age, body mass index and lipid profile. After the eight weeks of potential antiobesity supplementation, the subjects' body fat percent had decreased significantly (p < 0.001) by 5.6% (39.1 $\pm$ 1 vs 36.9 $\pm$ 1%) while lean body mass increased (p < 0.01). Vsceral fat area at the L4 vertebra decreased significantly (p < 0.01) by 8.6% in the supplemented group and the total fat area at the L4 vertebra showed a tendency to decrease (p = 0.051) by 2.4%. Also, in the group given the antiobesity-supplement rather than the placebo, the fasting triglyceride level decreased significantly (p < 0.05) by 10.0%. In addition, serum total cholesterol levels in the antiobesity-supplement group showed a tendency to decrease (p=0.159) by 2.7% (194 $\pm$ 6 vs 189 $\pm$ 6 mg/dl). No side effects were found in either group during the intervention. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that taking a mixture of chitosan, hydroxycitrate, and L-carnitine as a potential antiobesity supplement for eight weeks produced advantageous changes in the weight and visceral fat accumulation of overweight women without any side effects. (Korean J Nutrition 36(5): 483~490, 2003)