• 대한수학회보
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.1481-1487
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• 2015

Let H be a separable complex Hilbert space. A commuting tuple $T=(T_1,{\cdots},T_n)$ of bounded linear operators on H is called a spherical isometry if $\sum_{i=1}^{n}T^*_iT_i=I$. The tuple T is called a toral isometry if each $T_i$ is an isometry. In this paper, we show that for each $n{\geq}1$ there is a supercyclic n-tuple of spherical isometries on $\mathbb{C}^n$ and there is no spherical or toral isometric tuple of operators on an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.91-109
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• 1995

The rate of convergence to a random variable S for an almost certainly convergent series $S_n = \sum^n_{j=1} X_j$ of independent random variables is studied in this paper. More specifically, when $S_n$ converges to S almost certainly, the tail series $T_n = \sum^{\infty}_{j=n} X_j$ is a well-defined sequence of random variable with $T_n \to 0$ a.c. Various sets of conditions are provided so that for a given numerical sequence $0 < b_n = o(1)$, the tail series strong law of large numbers $b^{-1}_n T_n \to 0$ a.c. holds. Moreover, these results are specialized to the case of the weighted i.i.d. random varialbes. Finally, example are provided and an open problem is posed.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.1341-1352
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• 2016

Let R be a commutative Noetherian ring, ${\Phi}$ a system of ideals of R and $I{\in}{\Phi}$. In this paper among other things we prove that if M is finitely generated and $t{\in}\mathbb{N}$ such that the R-module $H^i_{\Phi}(M)$ is $FD_{{\leq}1}$ (or weakly Laskerian) for all i < t, then $H^i_{\Phi}(M)$ is ${\Phi}$-cofinite for all i < t and for any $FD_{{\leq}0}$ (or minimax) submodule N of $H^t_{\Phi}(M)$, the R-modules $Hom_R(R/I,H^t_{\Phi}(M)/N)$ and $Ext^1_R(R/I,H^t_{\Phi}(M)/N)$ are finitely generated. Also it is shown that if cd I = 1 or $dimM/IM{\leq}1$ (e.g., $dim\;R/I{\leq}1$) for all $I{\in}{\Phi}$, then the local cohomology module $H^i_{\Phi}(M)$ is ${\Phi}$-cofinite for all $i{\geq}0$. These generalize the main results of Aghapournahr and Bahmanpour [2], Bahmanpour and Naghipour [6, 7]. Also we study cominimaxness and weakly cofiniteness of local cohomology modules with respect to a system of ideals.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.91-97
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• 1991

This paper studies the structure and continuity of derivations of the Banach algebra $C^n(I)$ of n times continuously differentiable functions on an interval I into Banach $C^n(I)$-modules.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.763-772
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• 2001

The rate of convergence for an almost surely convergent series $S_n={\Sigma^n}_{i-1}X_i$ of independent random variables is studied in this paper. More specifically, when S$_{n}$ converges almost surely to a random variable S, the tail series $T_n{\equiv}$ S - S_{n-1} = {\Sigma^\infty}_{i-n} X_i$ is a well-defined sequence of random variables with T$_{n}$ $\rightarrow$ 0 almost surely. Conditions are provided so that for a given positive sequence {$b_n, n {\geq$ 1}, the limit law sup$_{\kappa}\geqn | T_{\kappa}|/b_n \rightarrow$ 0 holds. This result generalizes a result of Nam and Rosalsky [4].

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.323-334
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• 2008

We define injective and projective representations of quivers with two vertices with n arrows. In the representation of quivers we denote n edges between two vertices as ${\Rightarrow}$ and n maps as $f_1{\sim}f_n$, and $E{\oplus}E{\oplus}{\cdots}{\oplus}E$ (n times) as ${\oplus}_nE$. We show that if E is an injective left R-module, then $${\oplus}_nE{\Longrightarrow[50]^{p_1{\sim}p_n}}E$$ is an injective representation of $Q={\bullet}{\Rightarrow}{\bullet}$ where $p_i(a_1,a_2,{\cdots},a_n)=a_i,\;i{\in}\{1,2,{\cdots},n\}$. Dually we show that if $M_1{\Longrightarrow[50]^{f_1{\sim}f_n}}M_2$ is an injective representation of a quiver $Q={\bullet}{\Rightarrow}{\bullet}$ then $M_1$ and $M_2$ are injective left R-modules. We also show that if P is a projective left R-module, then $$P\Longrightarrow[50]^{i_1{\sim}i_n}{\oplus}_nP$$ is a projective representation of $Q={\bullet}{\Rightarrow}{\bullet}$ where $i_k$ is the kth injection. And if $M_1\Longrightarrow[50]^{f_1{\sim}f_n}M_2$ is an projective representation of a quiver $Q={\bullet}{\Rightarrow}{\bullet}$ then $M_1$ and $M_2$ are projective left R-modules.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.79-90
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• 1999

In this paper, we show that any product of a closed orientable n-manifold $N_1$ with finite fundamental group and a closed orientable asgerical m-mainfold $N_2$ with hopfian fundamental group, where X($N_1$) and X($N_2$) are nonzero, is a condimension 2 fibrator. Moreover, if <$\pi_i(N_1)$=0 for 1$N_1\timesN_2$ is a codimension k PL fibrator.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2022

Let K be a field of characteristic zero. We first show that images of the linear derivations and the linear 𝓔-derivations of the polynomial algebra K[x] = K[x₁, x₂, …, x_n] are ideals if the products of any power of eigenvalues of the matrices according to the linear derivations and the linear 𝓔-derivations are not unity. In addition, we prove that the images of D and 𝛿 are Mathieu-Zhao spaces of the polynomial algebra K[x] if D = ∑ⁿ_i=1 (a_ix_i + b_i)∂_i and 𝛿 = I - 𝜙, 𝜙(x_i) = λ_ix_i + 𝜇_i for a_i, b_i, λ_i, 𝜇_i ∈ K for 1 ≤ i ≤ n. Finally, we prove that the image of an affine 𝓔-derivation of the polynomial algebra K[x₁, x₂] is a Mathieu-Zhao space of the polynomial algebra K[x₁, x₂]. Hence we give an affirmative answer to the LFED Conjecture for the affine 𝓔-derivations of the polynomial algebra K[x₁, x₂].

• 대한수학회보
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.799-816
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• 2017

In this paper, we investigate the Bonnesen-style Aleksandrov-Fenchel inequalities in ${\mathbb{R}}^n$, which are the generalization of known Bonnesen-style inequalities. We first define the i-th symmetric mixed homothetic deficit ${\Delta}_i(K,L)$ and its special case, the i-th Aleksandrov-Fenchel isoperimetric deficit ${\Delta}_i(K)$. Secondly, we obtain some lower bounds of (n - 1)-th Aleksandrov Fenchel isoperimetric deficit ${\Delta}_{n-1}(K)$. Theorem 4 strengthens Groemer's result. As direct consequences, the stronger isoperimetric inequalities are established when n = 2 and n = 3. Finally, the reverse Bonnesen-style Aleksandrov-Fenchel inequalities are obtained. As a consequence, the new reverse Bonnesen-style inequality is obtained.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제11권1_2호
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• pp.431-436
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• 2003

Given vectors x and y in a Hilbert space, an interpolating operator is a bounded operator T such that Tx = y. An interpolating operator for n vectors satisfies the equation $Tx_i\;:\;y_i,\;for\;i\;=\;1,\;2,\;{\cdots},\;n$. In this article, we obtained the following : $Let\;x\;=\;\{x_i\}\;and\;y=\{y_\}$ be two vectors in a separable complex Hilbert space H such that $x_i\;\neq\;0$ for all $i\;=\;1,\;2;\cdots$. Let L be a commutative subspace lattice on H. Then the following statements are equivalent. (1) $sup\;\{\frac{\$\mid${\sum_{k=1}}^l\;\alpha_{\kappa}E_{\kappa}y\$\mid$}{\$\mid${\sum_{k=1}}^l\;\alpha_{\kappa}E_{\kappa}x\$\mid$}\;:\;l\;\in\;\mathbb{N},\;\alpha_{\kappa}\;\in\;\mathbb{C}\;and\;E_{\kappa}\;\in\;L\}\;<\;\infty\;and\;$\mid$y_n\$\mid$x_n$\mid$^{-1}\;=\;1\;for\;all\;n\;=\;1,\;2,\;\cdots$. (2) There exists an operator A in AlgL such that Ax = y, A is a unitary operator and every E in L reduces, A, where AlgL is a tridiagonal algebra.