• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.215-225
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• 2010

To investigate effects of pine essential oil isolated by steam distillation from Pinus densiflora needles (PN) and twigs (PT) on anti-oxidant and anti-aging activities, the experiments were carried out to determine anti-oxidant and antiaging activities on DPPH radical scavenging activity, NBT/xanthine oxidase-superoxide scavenging activity, silica-induced intracellular $H_2O_2$ and hydroxyl radical generation in RAW264.7 cells, hyaluronidase and elastase activities in vitro. Essential oil of PN and PT were contained 0.225 and 0.176 (w/v) %, respectively. PN was contained with 30 kinds of essential oil and its major constituent is $\alpha$-pinene (21.5%). Further PT was contained with 40 kinds of essential oil and its major constituent is $\beta$-pinene (22.4%) in GC/MS assay. Other essential oils of PN were $\beta$-pinene, camphene, myrcene, limonene, terpinolene, $\alpha$-terpineol, bornyl acetate, $\alpha$-copaene, caryophellene and humulene and PT were $\alpha$-pinene, camphene, phellandrene, limonene, terpinolene, $\alpha$-terpineol, bornyl acetate, $\alpha$-copaene, caryophellene and humulene. The essential oil of PT have more active than that of PN in anti-oxidant activity which has significant DPPH radical and superoxide scavenging activity, and significant inhibitory activities on silica-induced intracellular $H_2O_2$ and hydroxyl radical generation, as well as, significantly inhibited elastase and hyaluronidase activities. Further, phellandrene, myrcene and $\alpha$-pinene have DPPH radical and superoxide scavenging activities, $\beta$-pinene, terpinolene, myrcene and phellandrene inhibited silica-induced intracellular $H_2O_2$ and hydroxyl radical generations. And also phellandrene and $\beta$-pinene inhibited hyaluronidase and elastase activities. In conclusion, the essential oils isolated from PN and PT have anti-oxidant and anti-aging activities.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.5 s.72
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• pp.796-801
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• 2005

For usage of natural antioxidants, sanjook (Sasa boreails var. chiisanensis) leaves were extracted with methanol and investigated about its antioxidative activities and stability. It showed that the antioxidant activity of methanol extracts from the leaves of sanjook depend on their concentration within range of 0.1 to 0.8 mg/ml. The methanol extracts from the leaves of sanjook represented $583{\mu}g/ml$ for $IC_{50}$ of DPPH radical scavenging ability, $800{\mu}g/ml$for $IC_{50}$ of SOD-like activity and $38{\mu}g/ml$for $IC_{50}$ of $H_{2} O_{2}$ scavenging ability, while BHT, as a compared substance, was $271{\mu}g/ml$ for $IC_{50}$ of DPPH radical scavenging ability, $680{\mu}g/ml$ for $IC_{50}$ of SOD-like activity and $30{\mu}g/ml$ for $IC_{50}$ of $H_{2} O_{2}$ scavenging ability, respectively. The anti-au-toxidation effect for methanol extracts from the leaves of sajook was $55\∼60\%$ within range of 0.1 to 0.8 mg/ml. The pH stability on methanol extracts from the leaves of sanjook was most stable at pH 6. The more acid or akali it became, the more unstable it turned. The thermostability on methanol extracts from the leaves of sanjook remained above $80\%$ of their DPPH activity at range of $0^{\circ}C{\;}to{\;}120^{\circ}$.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.865-872
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• 2002

In the course of the investigations of natural antioxidants, we examined the antioxidant activities of the methanol (MeOH) extracts of some selected Prunus species, including P. buergeriana, P. davidiana, P padus, P. pendula for. ascendens, P. sargentii, P. serrulata var. spontanea and P. yedoensis by three methods as represented by the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, total ROS (reactive oxygen species) and the peroxynitrite ($ONOO^-$) scavenging activity tests. We also evaluated the activities of the organic solvent-soluble fractions, including the dichloromethane ($CH_2Cl_2$), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH) fractions and the water ($H_2O$) layer of P. serrulata var. spontanea leaves. By means of bioassay-directed fractionation, we isolated eleven known flavonoids (1-11) from the EtOAc soluble fraction of the MeOH extract of the Prunus serrulata var. spontanea leaves, exhibiting strong antioxidant activity and characterized as prunetin (1), genistein (2), quercetin (3), prunetin $4'-O-{\beta}-glucopyranoside$ (4), kaempferol $3-O-{\alpha}-arabinofuranoside$ (5), prunetin $5-O-{\beta}-glucopyranoside$ (6), kaempferol $3-O-{\beta}-xylopyranoside$ (7), genistin (8), kaempferol $3-O-{\beta}-glucopyranoside$ (9), quercetin $3-O-{\beta}-glucopyranoside$ (10) and kaempferol $3-O-{\beta}-xylopyranosyl-(1{\rightarrow}2)-{\beta}-glucopyranoside$ (11). Compounds 3 and 10 showed good activities in all tested model systems. Compounds 2 and 8 showed scavenging activities in the DPPH and $ONOO^-$ tests, while compounds 5, 7, 9 and 11 were active in the $ONOO^-$ and ROS tests. On the other hand, compounds 1, 4 and 6 did not show any activities in the tested model systems.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.115-127
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• 2012

Antioxidant and neuronal cell protective effects of aqueous extract from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) leaf tea (LLTE) were investigated. The 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging effect, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and malondialdehyde inhibition of LLTE were increased in a dose dependent manner. Intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation resulting from hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) treatment was significantly reduced when LLTE were present in the media compared to PC12 cells treated with $H_2O_2$ only. In neuronal cell viability assay using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT), LLTE showed protective effect against $H_2O_2$-induced neurotoxicity. In addition, lactate dehydrogenase release into medium was also inhibited by LLTE (7.13-43.89%). Total phenolics of LLTE were 33.16 mg/g and a quercetin was identified as major phenolics (105.93 mg/100g). Therefore, above these data suggest that LLTE including quercetin may be useful in the natural antioxidant substance, and may reduce the risk of neurodegenerative disease.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.1158-1162
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• 2008

In genus Angelica, three species have been used and cultivated for medical material in orient, A. gigas in korea, acutiloba in Japan and sinensis in China. The plant material of Angelica spp. is used for the treatment of women's disease as a hematic. The extracts from A. gigas and acutiloba were fractionated aqueous partitions. And study was performed to examine DPPH scavenging activities, BSA degradadion, anti-apoptosis and NO scavenging. DPPH radical scavenger activity was measured by DPPH method, it was shown dose-dependently effect. and BSA degradadion was shown same result. Treatment of cells with hydrogen peroxide, a reactive oxygen species was to indiced cell death and pretreatment with Angelica gigas and angelica acutiloba extract attenuated the occurrence of $H_2O_2$-induced cell death. In vitro nitric oxide (NO) scavenging effect on Angelica gigas and angelica acutiloba extracts. All extracts effectively reduced the generation of NO radicals in a dose-dependant manner.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.710-714
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• 2007

Ligularia fischeri (LF) has been used to treat jaundice, scarlet-fever, rheumatoidal arthritis, and hepatic diseases. This study was carried out to determine the antioxidant activity of the extract from the leaves of LF by using various established in vitro systems with ${\alpha}$-tocopherol as positive control. The results showed that the ethanol extract of LF (0.05-0.5 mg/mL) displayed a strong free radical scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ${O_2}^{{\cdot}-}$, and $H_2O_2$ radicals. It was observed that LF extract (1 mg/mL) significantly decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) to 69 and 89% of control, measured by ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test, respectively. LF extract (0.5-2 mg/mL) was also found to inhibit significantly the amount of malondialdehyde formed from liver homogenate to 69-56% of control. Similarly, in the high $Fe^{2+}/ascorbate$ induction system LF extract (1-2 mg/mL) inhibited carbonyl formation measured by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reaction to 89-79% of control. Like antioxidant activity, the reducing power of LF extract was excellent at concentration of 0.5-2 mg/mL. These results indicate that LF could be used as a potential source of natural antioxidant.

• ALGAE
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.201-208
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• 2011

A monoterpene lactone, loliolide was successively isolated from brown seaweed, Sargassum ringgoldianum subsp. coreanum using column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. The structure of the isolated compound was determined by comparison of EIMS and NMR spectral data with the previously published data. The antioxidant activities of loliolide were also evaluated by DPPH and $H_2O_2$ radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species scavenging assays, and it showed moderate activities in all antioxidant assays. Furthermore, loliolide was found to exert positive dose-dependent effects in the protective effects against $H_2O_2$-induced cell damage which were determined via MTT, Hoechst staining assays and cell cycle analysis. This is the first study on chemical constituent of this seaweed according to our best knowledge. These results clearly indicated that loliolide isolated from Sargassum ringgoldianum subsp. coreanum can protect the cells against $H_2O_2$-induced cell damage or apoptosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.10
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• pp.1458-1469
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the nitrite scavenging activities (NSA) of nine kinds of wild vegetables in a $NaNO_2$ model system and nitrite of Chinese cabbage as well as the inhibitory effect of kimchi containing a mixture of wild vegetables (MWV) with nitrite scavenging activity on brain neuronal cell death. NSA was higher at pH 1.2 than pH 4.2 in all samples. NSA of extracts from sprouts of Oenothera laciniata and Aster scaber (AS) was above 90% at pH 1.2. AS, Codonopsis lanceolate (CL), Adenophora triphylla (AT), Platycodon grandiflorum (PG), and Taraxacum officinale (TO) extracts showed significantly higher levels of NSA than those from other extracts at pH 4.2. CL, AT, PG, and TO extracts showed high NSA on nitrite of Chinese cabbage. In addition, the effects of MWV on antioxidant and brain neuronal cell death induced by oxidative stress were investigated in human brain neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. MWV extract attenuated $H_2O_2$-induced cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in SK-N-SH cells. MWV extract showed significantly higher DPPH radical scavenger activity when compared to normal kimchi extract. MWV extract showed an inhibitory effect on brain neuronal cell death against oxidative stress by antioxidant activities.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.157.3-158
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• 2003

The antioxidant and anticancer properties of a medicinal plant, Betula platyphylla var. japonica were investigated. The total methanol extract of B. platyphylla var. japonica had protective effects against hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) in the Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cell line and induced apoptotic cell death in human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells, a cancer cell line. B. platyphylla var. japonica extract significantly increased cell viability against $H_2O_2$. The extract also showed high 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity ($IC_50$ 2.4 mg/ml) and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity ($IC_50$ below 4.0 mg/ml). (omitted)

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.908-916
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• 2018

Hair loses melanin with aging, which leads to hair graying. The change in hair color is caused by a reduction in tyrosinase activity and an accumulation of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) in hair follicles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of Oryza sativa (OREE) on melanin production and antioxidative activity in B16F1 cells. In this study, OREE showed low DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power. However, it displayed a strong antioxidative effect against intracellular $H_2O_2$ in live cells. OREE did not inhibit DOPA oxidation activity in vitro, but it increased tyrosinase activity at a concentration of $64{\mu}g/ml$. OREE at a concentration higher than $32{\mu}g/ml$ showed cell toxicity in B16F1 cells. However, OREE at a concentration higher than $8{\mu}g/ml$ not only increased melanin synthesis in a dose-dependent manner in B16F1 cells but also increased melanin synthesis in cells treated with $H_2O_2$ inhibiting melanin synthesis. To confirm the effect of OREE on melanin production, Western blot analysis was performed. The results revealed that OREE increased the expression levels of tyrosine hydroxylase and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2) involved in melanin production in the $H_2O_2$-treated cells in which melanin production was inhibited. The findings suggest that OREE could improve melanin synthesis and be available for development of hair cosmetics aimed at improving melanin production.