• 한국표면공학회지
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.360-365
• /
• 2004

Ti$_3$SiC$_2$ material was synthesized via the powder metallurgical route, and oxidation tested between 900 and $1200^{\circ}C$ in air for up to 100 hr. The oxidation of $Ti_3$$SiC_2$ material resulted in the formation of $TiO_2$and $SiO_2$, accompanying the evolution of CO or $CO_2$ gases from the initial stage of oxidation. The oxidation resistance of $Ti_3$$SiC_2$ mainly owes the protectiveness of highly stoichiometric $SiO_2$. During the initial stage of oxidation, the dominant reaction was the inward transport of oxygen into the matrix. As the oxidation progressed, an outer $TiO_2$ layer and an inner ( $TiO_2$ + $SiO_2$) mixed layer formed. Between these layers and inside the oxide scale, numerous fine voids formed. Numerous, fine oxide grains formed at $900^{\circ}C$ developed into the outer coarse $TiO_2$ grains and an inner fine ($TiO_2$ + $SiO_2$) mixed grains at the higher temperatures. The oxidation resistance of$ Ti_3$SiC$_2$ progressively deteriorated as the oxidation temperature increased, forming thick scales above $1000^{\circ}C$. The outer coarse $TiO_2$ grains formed above $1100^{\circ}C$ grew rapidly mainly along (211).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.1654-1658
• /
• 2014

High value-added aromatic aldehydes (e.g. vanillin and syringaldehyde) were produced from heavy fraction of bio-oil (HFBO) via catalytic oxidation. The concept is based on the use of metalloporphyin as catalyst and hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) as oxidant under alkaline condition. The biomimetic catalyst cobalt(II)-sulfonated tetraphenylporphyrin ($Co(TPPS_4)$) was prepared and characterized. It exhibited relative high activity in the catalytic oxidation of HFBO. 4.57 wt % vanillin and 1.58 wt % syringaldehyde were obtained from catalytic oxidation of HFBO, compared to 2.6 wt % vanillin and 0.86 wt % syringaldehyde without $Co(TPPS_4)$. Moreover, a possible mechanism of HFBO oxidation using $Co(TPPS_4)/H_2O_2$ was proposed by the research of model compounds. The results showed that this is a promising and environmentally friendly method for production of aromatic aldehydes from HFBO under $Co(TPPS_4)/H_2O_2$ system.

• 열처리공학회지
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.299-305
• /
• 2007

The effect of spray deposition of oxide particles on oxidation behaviors of as-cast Mo-14.2Si-9.6B (at%) alloys at $1200^{\circ}C$ up to for 100 hrs has been investigated. Various oxide powders are utilized to make coatings by spray deposition, including $SiO_2,\;TiO_2,\;ZrO_2,\;HfO_2$ and $La_2O_3$. It is demonstrated that the oxidation resistance of the cast Mo-Si-B alloy can be significantly improved by coating with those oxide particles. The growth of the oxide layer is reduced for the oxide particle coated Mo-Si-B alloy. Especially, for the alloy with $ZrO_2$ coating, the thickness of oxide layer becomes only one fifth of that of uncoated alloys when exposed to in air for 100 hrs. The reduction of oxide scale growth of the cast Mo-Si-B alloy due to oxide particle coatings are discussed in terms of the change of viscosity of glassy oxide phases that form during oxidation at high temperature.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.46-52
• /
• 2016

It is increasingly apparent that nature evolved peroxiredoxins not only as $H_2O_2$ scavengers but also as highly sensitive $H_2O_2$ sensors and signal transducers. Here we ask whether the $H_2O_2$ sensing role of Prx can be exploited to develop probes that allow to monitor intracellular $H_2O_2$ levels with unprecedented sensitivity. Indeed, simple gel shift assays visualizing the oxidation of endogenous 2-Cys peroxiredoxins have already been used to detect subtle changes in intracellular $H_2O_2$ concentration. The challenge however is to create a genetically encoded probe that offers real-time measurements of $H_2O_2$ levels in intact cells via the Prx oxidation state. We discuss potential design strategies for Prx-based probes based on either the redoxsensitive fluorophore roGFP or the conformation-sensitive fluorophore cpYFP. Furthermore, we outline the structural and chemical complexities which need to be addressed when using Prx as a sensing moiety for $H_2O_2$ probes. We suggest experimental strategies to investigate the influence of these complexities on probe behavior. In doing so, we hope to stimulate the development of Prx-based probes which may spearhead the further study of cellular $H_2O_2$ homeostasis and Prx signaling.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.32-39
• /
• 2007

CO oxidation and selective CO oxidation of $La_xCe_{1-x}Co_yCu_{1-y}O_{3-{\alpha}}$ perovskite(x=1, 0.9, 0.7. 0.5; y=1, 0.9, 0.7, 0.5) were investigated. For CO oxidation, catalytic activities were studied according to different preparation conditions such as pH and calcination temperature. The influence of the change of the $O_2$ concentration for selective CO oxidation was studied, too. The substitution of Ce for La improved the catalytic activity for CO oxidation and selective CO oxidation and best activity was observed for $La_{0.7}Ce_{0.3}CoO_3$ prepared at pH 11 and calcined at $600^{\circ}C$. The temperature of 90% CO conversion for CO oxidation using $La_{0.7}Ce_{0.3}CoO_3$ was $230^{\circ}C$. In contrast to the enhancement effect by Ce substitution, the partial substitution of Cu for Co in $LaCo_yCu_{1-y}O_{3-{\alpha}}$ decreased catalytic activities for CO oxidation reaction compared to that using $LaCoO_3$. For selective CO oxidation, the best CO conversion was 66% at $230^{\circ}C$ for $La_{0.7}Ce_{0.3}CoO_3$. The CO conversion of $La_{0.7}Ce_{0.3}CoO_3$ was greatly increased from 66% to 91% as increasing $O_2$ concentration from 1% to 2%.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.645-652
• /
• 1996

본 연구는 $H_2S$를 $TiO_2/SiO_2$ 촉매상에서 산소와의 직접 산화 반응을 통해 원소 황의 형태로 제거하는 반응에 관한 것이다. 순수한 $TiS_2$와 $Ti(SO_4)_2$를 사용한 반응 실험과 순수한 $TiO_2$에 대한 주기적 온도 조작 실험 결과로부터 $TiO_2$는 황 회수 공정에서 사용되는 촉매의 비활성화의 주원인으로 알려진 sulfation이나 sulfidation에 대해 매우 안정한 것으로 나타났다. $TiO_2/SiO_2$촉매에서 $TiO_2$의 담지랑이 증가함에 따라 $H_2S$의 전화율이 증가하였고, 원소 황의 선택도는 아주 소폭으로 감소하였다. 반응 실험 결과 $O_2/H_2S$의 비가 증가할수록 원소 황의 선택도는 크게 감소하였다. 10 wt.% $TiO_2/SiO_2$ 촉매는 화학 양론비의 조성($H_2S$=5 vol.% $O_2$=2.5 vol.%)의 반응물에 10 vol.%의 수증기를 첨가한 경우 활성과 선택도가 감소하였으나 여전히 80% 이상의 원소 황 수율을 유지하고 있었다.

• 청정기술
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.248-256
• /
• 2015

MnO₂를 KMnO₄와 MnCl₂･4H₂O을 이용해 자연침전을 유도한 후, 수열방법으로 120-200 ℃, 0.5-5시간 범위에서 제조하여 300 ℃에서 열처리 후 CO 산화반응을 수행하였다. 촉매활성 원인의 규명과 물리화학적 특성을 분석하기 위해 X 선 회절 분석, 질소 흡착, 주사전자현미경, 수소 또는 일산화탄소 승온환원 분석(H₂- 또는 CO-TPR)을 실시하였다. 합성조건에 따라 순수한 α-MnO₂ 혹은 α/β-혼합상을 가진 MnO₂가 각각 합성되었다. 촉매활성과 안정성은 순수한 α-MnO₂ 상에서 α/β-혼합상을 가진 MnO₂보다 우수하게 관찰되었다. 특히, 150 ℃에서 1시간 수열 합성된 촉매는 가장 큰 비표면적인 214 m² g^-1을 가졌으며 H₂, CO-TPR 분석에서 가장 우수한 환원성과 격자산소 종의 활성을 보였으며 일산화탄소의 승온 및 등온 산화반응에서 가장 우수한 촉매활성을 나타내었다. 이것은 촉매의 물리화학적 특성에 기인한 것으로 촉매의 결정구조, 비표면적, 환원성 및 격자산소 종의 활성은 촉매활성과 깊은 상관관계가 존재함을 확인하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.298-303
• /
• 1988

Kinetic studies on cupric ion ($Cu^{2+}$) oxidation of 1-benzyl- and 1-aryl-1,4-dihydronicotinamides (XNAH) in aqueous solution were performed. In the presence of dioxygen ($O_2$), the reaction followed first order kinetics with respect to both XNAH and $Cu^{2+}$. The oxidation reaction was found to be independent and parallel to the acid-catalyzed hydration reaction of XNAH. The catalytic role of $Cu^{2+}$ for the oxidation of XNAH in the presence of $O_2$ was attributed to $Cu^{2+}/Cu^+$ redox cycle by the reactions with XNAH and $O_2$. The second order rate constants of the Cu2+ oxidation reaction kCu, and acid-catalyzed hydration reaction $k_H$ were strongly dependent on the nature of the substituents in 1-aryl moiety. The slopes of log $k_{Cu}$ vs log $K_H$ and log $k_{Cu}$ vs ${\sigma}_p$ of the substituents plots were 1.64 and -2.2, respectively. This revealed the greater sensitivity of the oxidation reaction rate to the electron density on the ring nitrogen than the hydration reaction rate. A concerted two-electron transfer route involving XNAH-$Cu^{2+}$ complex was proposed for mechanism of the oxidation reaction.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.250-256
• /
• 2005

This study was aimed to investigate treatment feasibility of leachate from D landfill that is located in gyr대ungbuk. From the analytical results of leachate, organic and nonbiodegradable matters were contained in high concentration. Thus chemical treatment was introduced to degrade nonbiodegradable matters in pre or post biological process. Two types of Fenton oxidation were adapted in this study. The first one is pre treatment process before biological treatment. The second one is post treatment process after biological treatment. The optimal conditions of both treatment methods were investigated as follows. In case of pre treatment process, the optimal conditions appeared in $Fe^{+2}/H_2O_2$(mmol/mmol): 0.1, $H_2O_2/CODcr$(mg/mg): 27.0, pH: 3 and reaction time: 2hrs. On the other hand, in case of post treatment process, the optimal conditions appeared in $Fe^{2+}$(mmol/mmol): 0.14, $H_2O_2/COD_{cr}$(mg/mg): 57.4, pH: 3 and reaction time: 1.25hrs. In the above optimal conditions, high COD removal was obtained in pre and post treatment process. Also it can expect that Fenton oxidation converted nonbiodegradable matters into biodegradable matters.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제31권10호
• /
• pp.552-561
• /
• 2021

For the purpose of manufacturing a high efficiency TiO₂ photocatalyst, B-doped TiO₂ photocatalysts are synthesized using a plasma electrolytic oxidation method in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ electrolyte with different concentrations of H₃BO₃ as additive. For the B doped TiO₂ layer fabricated from sulfuric electrolyte having a higher concentration of H₃BO₃ additive, the main XRD peaks of (101) and (200) anatase phase shift gradually toward the lower angle direction, indicating volume expansion of the TiO₂ anatase lattice by incorporation of boron, when compared with TiO₂ layers formed in sulfuric acid with lower concentration of additive. Moreover, XPS results indicate that the center of the binding energy peak of B1s increases from 191.45 eV to 191.98 eV, which suggests that most of boron atoms are doped interstitially in the TiO₂ layer rather than substitutionally. The B doped TiO₂ catalyst fabricated in sulfuric electrolyte with 1.0 M H₃BO₃ exhibits enhanced photocurrent response, and high efficiency and rate constant for dye degradation, which is ascribed to the synergistic effect of the new impurity energy band induced by introducing boron to the interstitial site and the improvement of charge transfer reaction.