• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.359-365
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• 1994

The crystal stucture of hexapotassium undecahydrogen tetratungsto hexaantimonate(V) tetrahydrate has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. Crystal data are as follows: $K_6H_{12}[Sb_6W_4O_{36}]{\cdot}4H_2O$, Fw = 2360.62, tetragonal, I$4_1$/a, a = 10.799(1) ${\AA}$, c = 35.244(5) ${\AA}$, V = 4110.1(7) ${\AA}^3$, Z = 4, $D_x$ = 3.82 g$cm^{-3}$, $\mu(MoK\alpha)$ = 160.15 $cm^{-1}$, T = 293 K, final R = 0.0356 for 2400($F_0 > 3\sigma(F_0))$ independent reflections. The $[H_{12}Sb_6W_4O_{36}]^{-6}$ polyanion independently consists of one tungsten, two antimony, and nine oxygen atoms and belongs to the $\bar4(S_4)$ point group. This polyanion is formed by two open octahedra five membered ring of Sb(3)$O_6-W(1)O_6-Sb(2)O_6-W(1)O_6-Sb(3)O_6$ which is connected at right angle. The Sb-W, Sb-O, and W-O bond distances range from 3.2304(9) to 3.2403(5) $\AA$, 1.745(8) to 2.334(6) $\AA$, and 1.914(7) to 2.039(7) $\AA$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.102-107
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• 1997

This study was carried out to increase the rate of plant regeneration from embryogenic callus of A. keiskei on MS medium supplemented with ethylene inhibitors. When leaflet, petiolule, and petiole of A. keiskei were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2, 4-D, callus was well induced from leaflet segments at 2.0 ppm 2, 4-D. Shoot elongation of plantlets and shooting from embryogenic callus of A. keiskei were best on 2, 4-D-free medium supplemented with 2 ppm $AgNO_3$ or 10 ppm $CoCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$, but it was suppressed on the medium containing 1 ppm 2, 4-D with $AgNO_3$ or $CoCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$. Root elongation of plantlets from embryogenic callus was best on 2, 4-D-free medium supplemented with 1 ppm $AgNO_3$ or 5 ppm $CoCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$, but rooting from embryogenic callus was none on the medium containing 1 ppm 2, 4-D with $AgNO_3$ or $CoCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$. Fresh weight of plantlets from embryogenic callus was heaviest on 2, 4-D-free medium supplemented with 2 ppm of $AgNO_3$ or $CoCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$, while it was heaviest on the medium containing 1 ppm 2, 4-D with 1 ppm $AgNO_3$ or 2 ppm $CoCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.63.2-63.2
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• 2010

삼중접합 태양전지에 상부전지로 이용되는 a-SiO:H 태양전지는 PECVD(Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition)을 이용하여 증착하였다. i a-SiO:H는 $CO_2/SiH_4$ 비율을 변화하여 밴드갭을 조절하였다. $CO_2/SiH_4$가 0에서 0.43으로 증가 할수록 밴드갭이 1.74 eV에서 1.94 eV로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이는 FTIR에서 나타난 결과인 Si-O-Si 결합의 증가 때문인 것으로 판단한다. 그에 반해서 광 전도도는 감소하는 경향을 보였다.그러나 암전도도와 광전도도의 비율인 광민감도는 $10^5$에서 $10^4$의 값으로 비정질 태양전지에 적용가능한 값을 보였다. 이러한 박막 특성을 가진 i a-SiO:H를 이용하여 비정질 실리콘 태양전지를 제작한 결과 $CO_2/SiH_4$의 비율이 증가함에 따라 태양전지의 $V_{oc}$가 0.8 V에서 0.5 V로 현저하게 감소하였고, $J_{sc}$와 FF 역시 11 $mA/cm^2$에서 4 $mA/cm^2$, 69%에서 50%로 감소하였다. 단위박막 결함을 측정하는 CPM(Constant Photocurrent Method)을 이용하여 i a-SiO:H 내부에 $10^{16}cm^{-3}$ 정도의 내부 결함을 관찰하였고 이는 태양전지의 특성 감소와 관련이 있는 것으로 판단한다.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.426-434
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• 2008

A space averaged $SiH_4/O_2/Ar$ simulator for the high density inductively coupled plasma sources for $SiH_4/O_2/Ar$ discharge is developed. The developed simulator uses space averaged fluid equations for electrons, positive ions, negative ions, neutral species, and radicals in $SiH_4/O_2/Ar$ plasma discharge, and the electron heating model including the anomalous skin effect. Using the developed simulator, the dependency of the density of charged particles, neutral particles, and radicals, the electron temperature, the plasma resistance, and the power absorption coefficient for the RF power and pressure is calculated.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.135-138
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• 2006

$H_2$ 실험은 마이크로 가스센서를 초기에 공기 분위기에서 초기 저항 값을 측정하였다. $SnO_2/Pd/V_2O_5$으로 구성된 감지물질은 수소 농도 5000ppm에서 초기 저항 값을 기준으로 하여 10배 감소하는 우수한 감도 반응을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1296-1301
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• 1997

Polymerization of terminal alkynes (phenlacetylene and 4-ethynyltoluene) catalyzed by water soluble rhodium (Ⅰ) complex, RhCl(CO)(TPPTS)2 (TPPTS=m-P(C6H4SO3Na)3) (1) selectively produces cis-transoid polymers at room temperature in homogeneous solution of H2O and MeOH as well as in biphasic solutions of H2O and CHCl3. The rate of polymerization is higher in H2O/MeOH than in H2O/CHCl3. The iridium analog, IrCl(CO)(TPPTS)2 (2) shows catalytic activity for the polymerization of phenylacetylene only at elevated temperature to give trans-polymers. The polymerization rate increases significantly when the trimethylamine N-oxide (Me3NO) was added to the reaction mixtures. The electronic absorption spectra of the cis-transoid polymers show three absorption bands whereas the trasn-polymers show only one absorption band. It seems that the electronic absorption bands depend on the configuration of the polymers.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.774-780
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• 1997

Porous low reflective coating films of SiO2.ZrO2 system were prepared from the mixed alkoxide solutions of Zr(O-nC3H7)4 and partially prehydrolyzed TEOS by the sol-gel method using the dip-coating technique. In the case of 90SiO2.10ZrO2 porous coating films with HCl and H2O content was 0.3 mole and 4 mole, 378 m2/g of the specific surface area, 0.254 cm3/g of total pore volume, 30-50$\AA$ of average pore diameter. The transmittance of 90SiO2.10ZrO2 porous coated films was 95.38% at the wavelength of 550 nm, compared with the parent glass, the transmittance was increased with 4.38%.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.42.2-43
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• 2015

Massive stars play a major role in the interstellar energy budget and the shaping of the galactic environment. The water molecule is thought to be a sensitive tracer of physical conditions and dynamics in star-forming regions because of its large abundance variations between hot and cold regions. Herschel/HIFI allows us to observe the multiple rotational transitions of H2O including the ground-state levels, and its isotopologues toward high-mass star-forming regions in different evolutionary stages. Photodissociation regions (PDRs) are also targeted to investigate the distribution of water and its chemistry. We present line profiles and maps of H2O using data from two guaranteed-time key programs "Water In Star-forming regions with Herschel" and "Herschel observations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources". We analyze the temperature and density structures using LTE and non-LTE methods. We also estimate turbulent and expansion velocities, and abundance of water in the inner and outer envelopes using the 1D radiative transfer code. Around high-mass protostars we find H2O abundances of ~10-8-10-9 for the outer envelope and ~10-4-10-5 for the inner envelope, and expansion and turbulent velocities range from 1.0 km s-1 to 2.0 km s-1. The abundances and kinematic parameters of the sources do not show clear trends with evolutionary indicators. The Herschel/HIFI mapping observations of H2O toward the Orion Bar PDR show that H2O emission peaks between the shielded dense gas and the radicals position, in agreement with the theoretical and the observational PDR structure. The derived H2O abundance is ~10-7 and peaks at the depth of AV ~8 mag from the ionization front. Together with the low ortho-to-para ratio of H2O (~1) presented by Choi et al. (2014), our results show that the chemistry of water in the Orion Bar is dominated by photodesorption and photodissociation.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.83.2-83.2
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• 2012

We have carried out simultaneous 22GHz $H_2O$ and 44GHz Class I $CH_3OH$ maser survey of 112 ultra-compact HII regions (UCHIIs) twice in 2010 and 2011. We detected $H_2O$ maser and $CH_3OH$ maser emission from 76(68%) and 49(44%) UCHIIs, respectively. Among them 15 $H_2O$ masers and 32 $CH_3OH$ masers are new detections. These high detection rates suggest that the occurrence periods of both masers are significantly overlapped with the UCHII phase. $CH_3OH$ masers always have small (<10 km s-1) relative velocities with respect to the natal molecular cores, while $H_2O$ masers often show larger velocities. We find 20 UCHIIs with $H_2O$ maser lines at relative velocities >30 km s-1. The formation and disappearance of $H_2O$ masers is frequent over one-year time interval. In contrast, $CH_3OH$ masers usually do not show substantial variation in intensity, velocity, or shape. The isotropic luminosities of both masers well correlate with the bolometric luminosities of the central stars when data points of lowand intermediate-mass protostars are added: $L_{H_2O}=5.89{\times}10^{-9}{(L_{bol})^{0.69}}$ and $L_{CH_3OH}=4.27{\times}10^{-9}{(L_{bol})^{0.62}}$. They also tend to increase with the 2cm radio continuum luminosity of UCHIIs and the 850 um continuum luminosity of the associated molecular cores. We discuss some individual sources.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.95-102
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• 2002

Manganese oxide/ hydrogen peroxide($MnO_2$/${H_2}{O_2}$) reactions were investigated as an alternative to Fenton-like reaction to reduce chlorinated organic compounds in groundwater This system showed high degradation of CT with low ${H_2}{O_2}$concentration($\leq$294mM) at neutral condition, and CT degradation increased with increasing pH values. The rate of CT degradation was not so much dependent on increase in $MnO_2$concentration since increase in production of oxygen during the reaction obstructed reaction of ${H_2}{O_2}$ on the surface of $MnO_2$. These results show that $MnO_2$catalyzed Ponton-like reaction could be a potential alternative method for treating chlorinated organic compounds in groundwater.