• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.337-341
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• 1999

In order to investigate effects of loess on the mycelial pellet formation a phosphate dissolving fungus, Penicillium sp. GL-101, was cultured in potato dextrose broth containing loess. The strain formed an amorphous pellet or loose aggregates agitated at a low speed(50rpm) while spherical and regular pellets at a high speed(150rpm). The higher concentration of loess, the smaller size of a pellet in the medium formed by the strain. Cultured in the medium supplemented with 1.5% loess the pellet size was reduced to a seventh compared to the control. In the case of addition of several insoluble salts, which are main components of loess, to the culture medium the higher concentrations of salts, the smaller sizes of pellet formed by the strain and the smallest pellet was formed by the addition of calcium sulfate.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.629-639
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• 2000

The study was carried out to compare the antioxidant activities of products from caramel-type-browning reaction of xylose(XY), glucose(GL), sucrose(SU), glucose + citric acid (GLCA), glucose + sodium citrate(GLSC), glucose + glycine(GLGC) heated at 80, 120 or 140$^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr. 1. The hydrogen donating ability (HDA) of browning reaction products was generally enhanced as the browning temperature and time increased. The HDAs of the browning reaction products heated at 80$^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr were in the order of GLSC (0.387) > GLSC (0.362) > GLCA (0.301) > GL (0.299) > XY (0.290) > SU (0.281). But they were in the order of GLSC (0.543) > SU (0.328) > GL (0.309) > GLGC (0.325) > XY (0.298) > GLCA (0.275) under the condition of heating at 140$^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr. 2. The antioxidant activities of the anhydrous ethanol extracts of the browning mixtures were inferior to that of TBHQ as measured in com oil, but SU was superior to tocopherol in its antioxidant activity. All the browning mixtures showed antioxidant activities when heated at 80$^{\circ}C$; however, only SU and GLCA showed the activites at 120 or 140$^{\circ}C$. And the antioxidant activity of the SU extract was higher than that of TOCO. The antioxidant activities of the ethanol extracts were in the order of TBHQ > GLCA > GLGC > TOCO > SU > XY > GL > GLSC > control at 80$^{\circ}C$, TBHQ > SU > TOCO > GLCA > control > GLSC> XY > GL > GLGC at 120$^{\circ}C$, and TBHQ > SU > TOCO > GLCA > control > GLSC > GLGC > XY > GL at 140$^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-28
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• 2003

The Iwahori-Hecke algebra $H_{k}$ ( $q^2$) of type A acts on the k-fold tensor product space of the natural representation of the quantum superalgebra (equation omitted)$_{q}$(gl(m, n)). We show the Hecke algebra $H_{k}$ ( $q^2$) and the quantum superalgebra (equation omitted)$_{q}$(gl(m n)) have commuting actions on the tensor product space, and determine the centralizer of each other. Using this result together with Gyoja's q-analogue of the Young symmetrizers, we construct highest weight vectors of irreducible summands of the tensor product space.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.365-386
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• 2005

Let L be the free Lie superalgebra generated by a $Z_2$-graded vector space V over C. Suppose that g is a Lie superalgebra gl(m, n) or q(n). We study the g-module structure on the kth homogeneous component Lk of L when V is the natural representation of g. We give the multiplicities of irreducible representations of g in Lk by using the character of Lk. The multiplicities are given in terms of the character values of irreducible (projective) representations of the symmetric groups.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.429-439
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to evaluate nutrients intakes, glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL) according to body mass index (BMI) in female college students (n = 320). The study subjects were divided into 3 groups based on their body mass index, an underweight group (BMI < 18.5 kg/$m^2$, n = 55), a normal group (18.5 kg/$m^2$ ${\leq}$ < 23 kg/$m^2$, n = 231), and an overweight group (23 kg/$m^2$ ${\leq}$ BMI < 25 kg/$m^2$, n = 34). The food and nutrition intake data obtained by administering a 3-day food record and were analyzed by using Can pro 3.0 software. Anthropometric measurements were collected from each subject. Body weights and BMI of the underweight group were 45.9 kg, 17.6 kg/$m^2$, those of the normal group were 53.8 kg, 20.5 kg/$m^2$, and those of overweight group were 62.6 kg, 23.8 kg/$m^2$, respectively. The mean daily dietary GI of underweight, normal and overweight groups was 66.2, 65.8 and 66.5, respectively. These differences were statistically non-significant. The mean daily dietary GL of underweight, normal and overweight groups were 159.2, 149.4, and 148.9, respectively. The major food source of dietary GI and GL was rice in the three groups. Dietary GI and GL were not significantly correlated with obesity when adjusted for energy, carbohydrate and dietary fiber intake.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 2015

The proposed cooperative 3D modelling system enables more efficient modeling works by improving current cooperation systems. Current 3D modeling tasks work on off-line and most of works are cooperation systems which communicate by files. These cooperation system cannot be interactive, occurs time delay while feedback and must have some programs which can read the files. This paper solves these problems using web that has the characteristics of network and proposes new cooperation system form. Using WebGL(Web Graphics Library) which is proposing technology in technical realization of Web 3D modeling, we make 3D objects in web browser and these objects can be manipulated by server-client communication. Therefore, if people use this system, they can use real time interaction and feedback. Also this system lowers a software installation necessity and can access everytime if web browser is installed.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.403-409
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• 2000

Surface and bottom water samples were collected from 10 stations located in the coastal area of Tongyong in April, August and October 2000. Distribution of heterotrophic bacteria, coliform bacteria and fungi in the sea water samples was investigated by measuring the corresponding viable cell number according to the plate counting method. Heterotrophic bacteria in the surface water counted 3.1$\times$10$^2$- 4.0$\times$10$^3$cfu ml$\^$-1/, 2.7$\times$10$^3$- 1.2$\times$10$\^$5/cfu ml$\^$-1/ and 1.3$\times$10$^2$- 7.2$\times$10$^2$cfu ml$\^$-1/ in April, August and October, respectively. The cell number of coliform bacteria in the surface water amounted to 0-1.5$\times$10$^1$cfu ml$\^$-1/, 3.5$\times$10$^1$- 5.2$\times$10$^3$cfu ml$\^$-1/ and 0-1.8$\times$10$^2$cfu ml$\^$-1/ in April, August and October, respectively. As for fungi, the cell number in the surface water was 0-3.0$\times$10$^1$propagules ml$\^$-1/, 3.0$\times$10$^1$- 8.0$\times$10$^1$ propagules ml$\^$-1/ and 0-2.2$\times$10$^1$ propagules ml$\^$-1/ in April, August and October respectively. The surface water samples from the station 3 in August were added with feed stuffs for fish as much as 0.01 gl$\^$-1/, 0.1 gl$\^$-1/ and 1 gl$\^$-1/ and cultured at 5$\^{C}$, 15$\^{C}$, 25$\^{C}$ and 35$\^{C}$. Microbial cells were not isolated at all when the culturing temperature was 5$\^{C}$. However, the microbial cell number increased significantly in all the surface water samples containing 1 gl$\^$-1/ of the feed stuffs when cultured at 15$\^{C}$, 25$\^{C}$ and 35$\^{C}$

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.174-184
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to evaluate nutrients intakes, glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL) according to obesity index in elementary school students. The study subjects included 229 elementary school students (boys=108, girls=121) who were divided into 3 groups consisting of an underweight group (obesity index<-10%, n=58), a normal weight group (10%${\leq}$ obesity index<10%, n=130) and an overweight group (obesity index${\geq}$10%, n=41) by their obesity index. The nutrient and food intakes data obtained by a 3-day food record were analyzed. Daily dietary GI and GL values were calculated from the 3-day food record. The average age of the subjects was 11.9 years. The mean daily energy intake was 2,186.8 kcal in the underweight group, 2,123.5 kcal in the normal weight group, and 2,174.2 kcal in the overweight group. The intakes of calcium and animal calcium per 1,000 kcal in the overweight group were significantly lower than in the underweight and normal weight groups (p<0.01, p<0.05), and fruit, egg and milk intakes in the overweight group were lower than those in the underweight group (p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.05). The mean daily dietary GI of the underweight, normal weight, and overweight groups were 67.7, 68.4 and 69.5, respectively (p<0.05). The mean daily dietary GL of the underweight, normal weight, and overweight groups were 212.8, 208.1 and 213.3, respectively. The major food source of dietary GI and GL in the three groups was rice. Other major food sources of dietary GI were croquettes, hand-rolled noddle soups, instant noddles, milk, and rice cake. Dietary GI was not significantly correlated with weight, obesity or body mass index, when adjusted for energy, carbohydrate, and dietary fiber. However, GL adjusted to energy, carbohydrate and dietary fiber tended to correlate with obesity index (r=0.126, p=0.059). These results suggest that dietary GI and GL have possibility affecting obesity-related indicators in elementary school students.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.16 no.2 s.48
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• pp.125-134
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• 2006

In order to establish the in-situ application of the artificial storage and recovery (ASR) technology which is used the property of the aquifer storage of groundwater. We carried out to the in-situ experiments such as borehole TV logging, pumping test and artificial hydraulic fracturing in volcanic island, Ulleungdo. In-situ experiments were conducted to divide the before- and after-hydraulic fracturing. Pumping test was achieved to confirm the two fracture zones, GL-13m and GL-21m, which are determined by the borehole TV logging. From the results of the before- and after-pumping tests, the hydraulic connectivity was confirmed to locate at GL-13m in the residual deposit zone of pumice media as alluvium. However, in the bedrock tone at GL-21m the hydraulic connectivity could be considered to faulty. Consequently, in this study area the artificial recharge has a little unsatisfied to geo-structural condition and desired to more detail investigation works.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 1999

Various side-chains are introduced to the 7-amino position of 7-aminocepha-losporanic acid (7-ACA) to make semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotics. In order to convert cephalosporin C (CPC) to 7-ACA, two enzymatic reactions are generally imployed. Glutary1-7-aminocephalosporanic acid (Gl-7-ACA) acylase is involved in the second step where the reaction intermediate, Gl-7-ACa is converted into 7-ACA. It was recently reported that CPC amidase can convert CPC directly into 7-ACA in a single enzymatic reaction. A study was undertaken to screen microorganisms conferring enzyme activity to convert Gl-7-ACA or CPC into 7-ACA by one or two enzymatic reactions. In order to screen the microorganisms rapidly, a non-$\beta$-lactam model compund, glutaryl-$\rho$-nitroanilide, was utilized in an early stage, thereafter the selected microorganisms were examined with real substrates. One microorganism exhibiting both Gl-7-ACA acylase and CPC amidase activities was obtained by the colorimetry method and HPLC assay, and was identified as a strain of Serratia species, designated as Serratia sp. N14.4. The optimal fermentation conditions for Serratia sp. N14.4 was pH9.0 and 3$0^{\circ}C$.