• 제목/요약/키워드: $E_{T(30)}$

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Preparation Method for Escherichia coliS30 Extracts Completely Dependent upon tRNA Addition to Catalyze Cell-free Protein Synthesis

  • Ahn, Jin-Ho;Hwang, Mi-Yeon;Oh, In-Seok;Park, Kyung-Moon;Hahn, Geun-Hee;Choi, Cha-Yong;Kim, Dong-Myung
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • 제11권5호
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    • pp.420-424
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    • 2006
  • A simple method for depleting E. coliS30 extracts of endogenous tRNA has been developed. An $ethanolamine-Sepharose^{(R)}$ column equilibrated with water selectively captured the tRNA molecules in E. coli S30 extracts. As a result, S30 extracts filtered through this column became completely dependent upon the addition of exogenous tRNA to mediate cell-free protein synthesis reactions. We anticipate that the procedures developed and described will be particularly useful for in vitro suppression reaction studies designed to introduce unnatural amino acids into protein molecules.

Aspergillus nidulans의 tRNA 유전자의 구성과 발현에 관한 연구 II. Aspergillus nidulans 총 tRNA 유전자의 cloning (Studies on the Organization and Transcription of Aspergillus nidulans tRNA Genes)

  • 이병재;강현삼
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.229-237
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    • 1983
  • Aspergillus nidulans의 tRNA 유전자의 구성과 발현기착을 연구하기 위하여 우선 Aspergillus의 총 tRNA 유전자를 cloning 하였다. Aspergillus의 핵 DNA롱 포자로 부터 분리해 내고 본질 형성에서 분리한 BamHI과 T4 DNA ligase를 사용하여 pBR322플라스미드에 재조합시켜서 cloning하였다. 15벤의 transformation을 하여 30,000개 의 transformants 얻었고, 이 중 Aspergillus DNA를 가지고 있는 colony는 5,300켜개였다. In vivo에 서 S2p로 표지 된 total tRNA를 probe로 하여 colony hybridization 실험 결과, 105개의 total tRNA유전자 clone을 얻었다. 위의 결과와 cohybridization 실험 결과를 분석해 보면, Asprgillus의 tRNA 유전자는 yeast의 그것보다는 좀 더 밀집되어 존재한다고 생각된다.

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Thorea indica sp. nov. (Thoreales, Rhodophyta) from Uttar Pradesh, India

  • Necchi, Orlando Jr;Paiano, Monica O.;West, John A.;Ganesan, E. K.;Goer, Susan Loiseaux-de
    • ALGAE
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.265-274
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    • 2015
  • Thorea indica sp. nov. is described from the Sai River, Uttar Pradesh, India (26°39′00.7″ N, 80°47′38.3″ E). Its classification is based on molecular sequences of the plastid-encoded RuBisCO large-subunit gene, rbcL and the barcode region of the mitochondrial encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, cox1, and morphological data. The sequence analyses confirm a new species of Thorea. The cox1 barcode sequence had 90.4-90.8% identity with Thorea sp. from Australia and Thorea hispida from Hawaii and China. Based on rbcL sequences the Indian specimen was positioned in a major clade with high support (>95 bootstrap and 0.95 posterior probability) containing two other species: T. okadae from Japan and T. hispida from the continental USA, Hawaii, the UK, and China. The divergences among these sequences were T. indica vs. T. okadae (2.8%) and T. indica vs. T. hispida (2.9-3.4%). The comparison of morphological characters of Thorea from India was not conclusive due to the inadequate descriptions in previous reports: most specimens reported as T. hispida fit within the circumscription of T. indica as described here. The previous report of T. siamensis from the Sai River is incorrect and the specimens fit within our description of T. indica. Thorea indica and T. okadae can be distinguished by minor morphometric characters and sexuality (dioecious vs. monoecious).

Growth curve estimates for wither height, hip height, and body length of Hanwoo steers (Bos taurus coreanae)

  • Park, Hu-Rak;Eum, Seung-Hoon;Roh, Seung-Hee;Sun, Du-Won;Seo, Jakyeom;Cho, Seong-Keun;Lee, Jung-Gyu;Kim, Byeong-Woo
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제44권3호
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    • pp.384-391
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    • 2017
  • Growth curves in Hanwoo steers were estimated by Gompertz, Von Bertalanffy, Logistic, and Brody nonlinear models using growth data collected by the Hanwoo Improvement Center from a total of 6,973 Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) steers 6 to 24 months old that were born between 1996 and 2015. The data included three parameters: A, mature size of body measurement; b, growth ratio; and, k, intrinsic growth rate. Nonlinear regression equations for wither height according to Gompertz, Von Bertalanffy, Logistic, and Brody models were $Y_t=144.7e^{-0.5869e^{-0.00301t}}$, $Y_t=145.3(1-0.1816e^{-0.00284t})^3$, $Y_t=143.1(1+0.7356e^{-0.00352t})^{-1}$, and $Y_t=146.8(1+0.4700e^{-0.00249t})^1$, respectively, while those for hip height were $Y_t=144.5e^{-0.5549e^{-0.00312t}}$, $Y_t=145.0(1-0.1724e^{-0.00295t})^3$, $Y_t=143.1(1+0.6863e^{-0.00360t})^{-1}$, and $Y_t=146.2(1+0.4501e^{-0.00263t})^1$, respectively. Equations for body length $Y_t=174.1e^{-0.8342e^{-0.00289t}}$, $Y_t=175.8(1-0.2500e^{-0.00265t})^3$, $Y_t=170.0(1+1.1548e^{-0.00363t})^{-1}$, and $Y_t=180.3(1+0.6077e^{-0.00215t})^1$, respectively, for the same models. Among the four models, the Brody model resulted in the lowest mean square error, with mean square errors of 31.79, 30.57, and 42.13, respectively, for wither height, hip height, and body length. Also, an estimated birth wither height, birth hip height, and birth body length (77.98, 80.57, and 70.97 cm, respectively) were lower in the Brody model than in other models. An inflection point was not observed during the growth phase of Hanwoo steer according to the growth curves calculated using Gompertz, Von Bertalanffy, and Logistic models. Based on the results, we concluded that the regression equation using the Brody model was the most appropriate among the four growth models. To obtain more accurate parameters, however, using data from a wider production period (from birth to shipping) would be required, and the development of a suitable model for body conformation traits would be needed.

Effect of [6]-Gingerol, a Pungent Ingredient of Ginger, on Osteoblast Response to Extracellular Reducing Sugar

  • Kim, Young-Ho;Nguyen, Huu Thng;Ding, Yan;Park, Sang-Heock;Choi, Eun-Mi
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제16권5호
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    • pp.807-811
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    • 2007
  • Diabetes is marked by high glucose levels and is associated with decreased bone mass and increased fracture rates. To determine if [6]-gingerol could influence osteoblast dysfunction induced by 2-deoxy-D-ribose (dRib), osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was treated with dRib and [6]-gingerol and markers of osteoblast function and oxidized protein were examined. [6]-Gingerol ($10^{-7}\;M$) significantly increased the growth of MC3T3-E1 cells in the presence of 30 mM dRib (p<0.05). [6]-Gingerol ($10^{-7}\;M$) caused a significant elevation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen content, and osteocalcin secretion in the cells. We then examined the effect of [6]-gingerol on the production of osteoprotegerin and protein carbonyl in osteoblasts. Treatment with [6]-gingerol ($10^{-9}$ and $10^{-7}\;M$) increased osteoprotegerin secretion in osteoblastic cells. Moreover, [6]-gingerol ($10^{-9}$ and $10^{-7}\;M$) decreased protein carbonyl contents of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells in the presence of 30 mM dRib. Taken together, these results demonstrate that [6]-gingerol inhibits dRib-induced damage and may be useful in the treatment of diabetes related bone diseases.

OSCULATING VERSUS INTERSECTING CIRCLES IN SPACE-BASED MICROLENS PARALLAX DEGENERACIES

  • Gould, Andrew
    • 천문학회지
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    • 제52권4호
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    • pp.121-131
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    • 2019
  • I investigate the origin of arc degeneracies in satellite microlens parallax ${\pi}_E$ measurements with only late time data, e.g., t > $t_0+t_E$ as seen from the satellite. I show that these are due to partial overlap of a series of osculating, exactly circular, degeneracies in the ${\pi}_E$ plane, each from a single measurement. In events with somewhat earlier data, these long arcs break up into two arclets, or (with even earlier data) two points, because these earlier measurements give rise to intersecting rather than osculating circles. The two arclets (or points) then constitute one pair of degeneracies in the well-known four-fold degeneracy of space-based microlens parallax. Using this framework of intersecting circles, I show that next-generation microlens satellite experiments could yield good ${\pi}_E$ determinations with only about five measurements per event, i.e., about 30 observations per day to monitor 1500 events per year. This could plausibly be done with a small (hence cheap, in the spirit of Gould & Yee 2012) satellite telescope, e.g., 20 cm.

Responses of high-rise building resting on piled raft to adjacent tunnel at different depths relative to piles

  • Soomro, Mukhtiar Ali;Mangi, Naeem;Memon, Aftab Hameed;Mangnejo, Dildar Ali
    • Geomechanics and Engineering
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.25-40
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    • 2022
  • In this study, 3D coupled-consolidation numerical parametric study was conducted to predict the deformation mechanism of a 20 storey building sitting on (4×4) piled raft (with length of piles, Lp=30 m) to adjacent 6 m diameter (D) tunnelling in stiff clay. The influences of different tunnel locations relative to piles (i.e., zt/Lp) were investigated in this parametric study. In first case, the tunnel was excavated near the pile shafts with depth of tunnel axis (zt) of 9 m (i.e., zt/Lp). In second and third cases, tunnels were driven at zt of 30 m and 42 m (i.e., zt/Lp = 1.0 and 1.4), respectively. An advanced hypoplastic clay model (which is capable of taking small-strain stiffness in account) was adopted to capture soil behaviour. The computed results revealed that tunnelling activity adjacent to a building resting on piled raft caused significant settlement, differential settlement, lateral deflection, angular distortion in the building. In addition, substantial bending moment, shear forces and changes in axial load distribution along pile length were induced. The findings from the parametric study revealed that the building and pile responses significantly influenced by tunnel location relative to pile.

MC3T3-E1 세포에 대한 복합 기계적 자극의 영향 (Effect of complex mechanical stimuli for MC3T3-E1 cells)

  • 강경신;이승재;조동우
    • 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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    • pp.1700-1703
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of various mechanical stimuli for MC3T3-E1 cells. Among the several mechanical stimulations, we focused on compressive stain and ultrasound. In this study, we developed a bioreactor capable of applying controlled stimuli to scaffolds. PLLA/PCL scaffold was fabricated by using salt-leaching method. We performed dynamic cell culture using preosteoblasts MC3T3-E1 cells with 1MHz, 30mW/cm2 ultrasound and 10% of compressive strain. Result of CCK-8 analysis at 1, 4, 7, 10 days showed that mechanical stimuli had no significant effect for cell proliferation. However, those stimuli influenced ALP(Alkaline phopatase) activity, which is one of differentiation marker.

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윤충란 정량검사를 위한 Stoll 희석충란계산법과 Kato 후층도말변법의 비교 (Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Modified Kato's Cellophane Thick Smear and Stoll's Dilution Egg Counting Technique for Quantitative Fecal Examination of Helminth Eggs)

  • 홍성종;우호춘
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.141-146
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    • 1992
  • Kato후층도말변법 (M.C.T.S.)과 Stoll 회석충란계산법(D.E.C.T)으로 회충, 괸충, 간흡 충란 양성자 197명에 대하여 충란 정량검사를 실시하고 그 결과를 비교하여 상관함수식을 도출하였다. M.C.T.S.법에 소요된 검경시간은 표본 1매당 평균 12.6분으로 D.E.C.T.법의 14.6분보다 짧았으며, 층계부하가 낮은 감염자에 있어서도 위음성이 적었다. 각 윤충류 충란에 있어서 M.C.T.S.으로 얻은 결과를 대변 1 g당 충란수(E.P.G.)로 바꾸어 주는 전환함수식은 회충의 경우 E.P.G.=47.86×100.87 logM.C.T.S., 편충은 E.P.G.=41.69×100.83 logM.C.T.S., 간흡충은 E.P.G=63.10×100.55 logM.C.T.S.이었다. 장내 윤충류 감염에 대한 정량적 대변검사법으로 Kato후층도말변법이 Stoll희석충란계산 법보다 더 유용하다고 생각되었다.

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고전압 임펄스 공정의 전계와 접촉시간이 Ca2+ 농도 저감에 미치는 영향의 속도론 연구 (Kinetic study about the effect of electric field and contact time of high voltage impulse on reduction of Ca2+ concentration)

  • 김담하;장인성
    • 상하수도학회지
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    • 제35권2호
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    • pp.113-120
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    • 2021
  • High voltage impulse (HVI) has been gained attention as an alternative technique that could control the CaCO3 scale problems encountered in water main, pipe, cooling tower and heat exchanger vessels. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of electric field (E) and contact time (t) of HVI on reduction of Ca2+ concentration at two different temperatures of 25℃ and 60℃. A kinetic model on the effect of E and t was investigated too. As the E and t increased, the Ca2+ concentration decreased more than that of the control (= no HVI). The Ca2+ concentration decreased up to 81% at 15 kV/cm at 60℃, which was nearly 2 times greater than the control. With these experimental data-set of reduction of Ca2+ concentration under different E and t, the kinetic model was developed. The relationship between E and t required to reduce the concentration of Ca2+ by 30% was modeled at each temperature. The empirical model equations were; E0.83· t = 60.3 at 25℃ and E0.08· t = 1.1 at 60℃. These equations state the products of En and t is always constant, which means that the required contact time can be reduced in accordance with the increment of E and vice versa.