• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.65-73
• /
• 2019

The catalytic activity of Ni-0.2%YSZ (Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia) with different promoters was evaluated for $CO_2$ methanation. The catalysts were weighed for mixing and they were dried at $110^{\circ}C$ for molding into disks. The concentration of $CO_2$ and $CH_4$ for conducting of $CO_2$ methanation were analyzed by gas chromatography and the physical characteristics of the disk-type catalyst formed were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer. The addition of $CeO_2$ as a promoter for Ni-0.2%YSZ (denoted as Ni-5%Ce-0.2%YSZ) resulted in the highest $CO_2$ methanation. It also showed catalytic activity at a low temperature($200^{\circ}C$). Following this, $ZrO_2$, $SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$ and $TiO_2$ were added to Ni-5%Ce-0.2%YSZ to compare the $CO_2$ methanation, and the highest efficiency was found for. Ni-1%Ti-5%Ce-0.2%YSZ Then, the concentration of Ti was increased to 10% and the catalytic activity was estimated using seven different types of commercial $TiO_2$. In conclusion, ST-01 $TiO_2$ showed the highest efficiency for $CO_2$ methanation.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.155-163
• /
• 1999

Heavy metal accumulation in living organisms through food-wed can give serious damage on physiological responses for vital activities. The initiation of heavy metal supposed to begin from the bio-accumulation of plants. To establish basic data fur heavy metal contents in plants at the area without artificial contamination, both woody and herb plants at Mt. Kwang-Duk were studied. The content of heavy metals in various organs of plants were analyzed by ICP. The range of heavy metals in plants for Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe. Mn, Pb, Se and Zn were 1.019∼257.200ppm, O∼2.929ppm, 0∼0.079ppm, 0∼0.054ppm, 0.023∼3.007ppm, 0∼1.997ppm, 2.031∼148.500ppm, 1.069∼51.320ppm, O∼126.900ppm, 0.708∼4.927ppm and 0.846∼4.949ppm, respectively. The amount of heavy metals in plants are much less than that of soil except some species. In woody plants, it was detected that the metal contents of leaves were higher than that of stems especially in case of Al and Fe with statistical significance. There were significant differences between shoots and roots of herb plants in metal content of Al, Co and Fe. Those metals have more accumulated in roots comparing with shoots. Some species of plants had shown the difference tendency of heavy metal accumulation. Generally, most species had not exceeded over twice of mean value each other, and had various difference according to the kinds of heavy metals.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
• /
• 한국자기학회 2008년도 Asian Magnetics Conference
• /
• pp.120.1-120.1
• /
• 2008

• 공업화학
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.205-209
• /
• 2015

이산화탄소 포집 및 활용(CCU)은 화석연료 시 배출되는 온실가스인 $CO_2$ 저감과 이용을 위해 잠재력을 가지고 있는 기술이다. 이산화탄소를 분해하기 위해 3상 글라이딩 아크 플라즈마-촉매 반응기를 설계 및 제작하였다. 이산화탄소 저감 특성 실험은 단일 이산화탄소 가스 공급 유량 변화와 이산화탄소와 메탄 혼합 주입에 따른 주입 전력 변화, 촉매 그리고 수증기 공급 변화에 대해 연구를 수행하였다. 단일 이산화탄소 공급 유량이 12 L/min에서 분해율이 7.9%, 에너지 분해 효율은 $0.0013L/min{\cdot}W$로 나타났다. 이산화탄소 분해됨에 따라 일산화탄소와 산소가 생성된다. 메탄과 이산화탄소 혼합가스를 주입 시 $CH_4/CO_2$ 비 1.29, 주입 전력 0.76 kW에서 이산화탄소 분해율과 메탄 전환율이 각각 37.8, 56.6%를 보였다. $NiO/Al_2O_3$ 촉매 설치 시, 플라스마 단독 공정에 비해 이산화탄소 분해율 및 메탄 전환율이 11.5, 9.9% 증가한다. 수증기 공급으로 인한 이산화탄소 분해 효과에는 큰 영향을 주지 못한다.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.16-22
• /
• 1965

Sodium alginate-$CaSO_4{\cdot}$1/2 $H_2O$의 gel에 미치는 alkali鹽의 遲延효果를 Miyake date와 比較하고, Schwedoff法을 改良한 連續的 測定方法을 써서, 金屬酸化物의 添加에 依한 彈性 gel의 生成速度 및 彈性의 變化를 硏究하였다. 즉 (1) sample의 張力變化를 連續的으로 測定하여, sodium alginate와 $CaSO_4{\cdot}$1/2 $H_2O$ aqueous sol의 gel化 過程을 觀察하였다. (2) 彈性 gel의 生成速度에 미치는 $Na_3PO_4$의 遲延효果는 $Na_2CO_3$보다 크다는 點에서는 Miyake 報告와 一致하였으나, Miyake date처럼 兩者間에 그리 큰 差가 없었다. (3) 金屬酸化物이 彈性 gel生成速度에 미치는 影響에 어떤 規則性은 없었지마는 $SiO_2$와 MgO는 比較的 큰 速度增大효果를 나타내고 ZnO는 比較的 적었다. 그러나 $Al_2O_3$, $Sb_2O_3$와 $TiO_2$는 速度低下효果를 나타냈다. 結果的으로 酸化物의 種類나 그 添加量에 따라 어떤 明確한 規則性을 觀察하지 못하였다. (4) 彈性率과 生成速度에 미치는 효果사이에 比例關係는 없없으나 金屬酸化物을 添加하면 一般的으로 彈性率이 增加하였다. 이들 酸化物 中에서 彈性率增大효果가 가장 큰 것은 MgO였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제19권11호
• /
• pp.1385-1390
• /
• 2010

Repeated additions of untreated slurry to soil affected ecology and caused high levels of heavy metal in soil and ground water. The objective of this study was to evaluate heavy metal from hanwoo slurry with ferrous sulfate ($FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$), aluminum sulfate [$Al_2(SO_4)_3{\cdot}14H_2O$, alum] and aluminum chloride ($AlCl_3{\cdot}6H_2O$) as a way to improve environmental management in hanwoo industry. The treatment rates, which were incorporated totally within the hanwoo slurry, were 1.0 g and 1.5 g of ferrous sulfate, alum and aluminum chloride/25 g of hanwoo slurry. The various rates of chemical additives significantly increased dry matter (9.98~13.94%) and decreased pH (3.48~6.52) compared with the controls. The use of chemical additives decreased Fe (11~29%), Al (7~12%), Zn (13~36%), and Cu (4~32%) contents, except for Fe in hanwoo slurry with ferrous sulfate and Al in hanwoo slurry with alum and aluminum chloride. In addition, the reduction in heavy metal should be associated with reduction in pH. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that alum and aluminum chloride additives at rate of 1.5 g were cost-effective management practice that significantly reduces heavy metal from hanwoo slurry, while it may be improved environmental management.

• 보존과학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2013

본 연구에서는 손상된 지류문화재의 수리복원 과정에서 사용되는 염색보수지의 제작에 있어 매염제가 바탕종이에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 확인하고자 현재 시판되는 대표적인 합성매염제 4종류 [$K_2CO_3$, $AlK(SO_4)_2{\cdot}12H_2O$, $Cu_2SO_4{\cdot}5H_2O$, $FeSO_4$]를 선정하여 시료를 제작하고 자외선, 온 습도를 이용한 인공열화를 통해 열화 후 색도 측정, 인장지수 측정, pH측정(산성화 정도)을 실시하고 그에 따른 물성변화를 확인하였다. 색도 측정 결과 $K_2CO_3$매염 시료의 ${\Delta}E^*ab$값이 가장 크게 나타났으며 인장지수 측정 결과 열화시간에 따라 염색시료의 강도는 모두 저하하였으나 매염제에 따른 변화는 뚜렷하지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 산성도 측정 결과 $Cu_2SO_4{\cdot}5H_2O$와 $FeSO_4$로 매염한 시료의 pH값이 6이하로 감소하였다. 실험 결과를 통하여 보수지 염색에서 사용되는 매염제는 바탕종이의 염색 특성 및 노화에 영향을 주는 것으로 확인 되었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.233-237
• /
• 2008

The objective of this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of poultry litter amendments on pH and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) in poultry litter. Two laboratory studies were conducted for 42 d in Exp. 1 and for 10 d in Exp. 2, respectively. The poultry litter was treated with various amendments which included 4 g fly ash and 4 g $AlCl_3\;(AlCl_36H_2O)/100g$ litter in Exp. 1 and 4 g alum$(Al_2(SO_4){_3}\;14H_2O)$, 8 g alum, 8.66 g liquid alum, and 17.3 g liquid alum/100 g litter in Exp. 2; untreated litter served as controls. There were no differences in pH between control and T1(4 g fly ash) and SRP contents between T1(4 g fly ash) and T2(4 g $AlCl_3$) in Exp. 1. A significant difference in pH and SRP contents in Exp. 2 was observed among all treatments(P< 0.05). In experiment 1, T1(4 g fly ash) and T2(4 g $AlCl_3$) at 42 d decreased SRP in litter by 47.1% and 62.6% of that from litter alone, respectively. In experiment 2, T1(4 g alum), T2(8.66 g liquid alum), T3(8 g alum), and T4(17.3 g liquid alum) treatments at 10 days reduced SRP contents by up to 36.2%, 62.9%, 87.0%, and 83.9%, respectively, when compared with the controls. Decrease in SRP contents was chiefly associated with reduction in litter pH. These results indicate that use of various litter amendments to limit P solubility has potential and should be pursued as a means of reducing soluble reative phosphorus during short term.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.443-450
• /
• 2021

순환유동층보일러 석탄회(CFBA)는 탈황공정을 위한 석회석 투입에 의한 탈황석고와 free-CaO에 의해 자기경화되는 특성이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 시멘트 바인더 대체용 CFBA의 자가경화에 대한 고로슬래그(BFS)와 탈황석고(FDG)의 영향을 검토하였다. 다량의 Fe₂O₃, free-CaO 및 탈황 석고를 함유하는 CFBA의 수화반응에 의한 압축강도는 칼슘알루미네이트 수화물, 칼슘실리케이트 수화물, 에트링자이트 및 칼슘카보페라이트 수화물(3CaO·Fe₂O₃·3CaCO₃·12H₂O)의 형성에 기인한다. CFBA의 자가 경화에 의한 압축강도는 Ordinary Portland Cement에서 C₄AF의 수화물과 유사한 수화물을 생성하여 표현하며, C₄AF의 수화시 CaSO₄가 존재하면 CaSO₄가 CaO·Al₂O₃와 에트링자이트를 형성하고, 유리 CaO와 CaCO₃가 함께 존재하면 육방정계 결정인 탄산칼슘 또는 탄산칼슘 결정이 형성됩니다. CFBA의 경화 특성은 C₄AF의 수화 및 경화 메커니즘에 의해 유사한 특성을 가짐을 확인하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
• /
• pp.32-35
• /
• 2006

For the white UV-LED applications, $Eu^{2+}$-activated calcium aluminium silicate phosphors were synthesized for the first time and the structures and luminescence characteristics of these phosphors were investigated. The phosphors in this study emitted blue. green or blue-green light depending on the starting materials for synthesis. In addition, the structure was also changed when the different starting materials were used. When CaO and $CaCO_3$ was used as a starting material. tetragonal $Ca_2Al_2SiO_7$ was formed and blue-green and pure green light was emitted. respectively. However. in the case of $CaSiO_3$, triclinic $CaAl_2Si2O_8$ was formed and only pure blue emission was detected. The maximum emission intensity was obtained from $CaAl_2Si_2O_8:Eu^{2+}$ phosphors, which intensity was about 1.4 times higher than that of YAG:$Ce^{3+}$ phosphor used for blue LED.