• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.1170-1177
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• 2002

An experiment was conducted to assess the interaction between genotypes and dietary lysine content in commercial broiler chicks by measuring growth, and response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) inoculation. Female chicks from four genotypes (A=Anak 2000; B=Hubbard; C=Cobb and D=Synthetic broiler) were fed four levels of lysine in diet from d old till the end of experiment. The lysine content of the diet was 9.61, 10.51, 11.41 and 12.31 g/kg. Body weights at 0, 14, 28 and 42 d of age and pen-wise feed intake till 14, 28 and 42 d of age were recorded. Production of antibody against SRBC and resistance to E.coli were measured at 5 d of post inoculation (PI) at 43 d of age. Also, response to phytohemaglutinin-P (PHA-P) was measured at 12 and 24 h of PI at 48 d of age. Genotype by dietary lysine interaction was significant for body weights at 14 and 28 d of age, but not at 42 d of age. Genotype by dietary lysine interaction was not significant for feed efficiency, for antibody titers against SRBC, and for air sac lesion score, relative bodyweight change, and relative weights of bursa and spleen in response to E.coli inoculation. However, a significant interaction was observed between the levels of lysine and dosage of SRBC for antibody titers. There was significant genotype by dietary lysine interaction for cutaneous basophilic hypersensitivity (CBH) response to PHA-P at 12 and 24 h of PI. It may be concluded that to obtain optimum body weight and immunity in commercial broilers the dietary lysine requirement may be recommended specific to the genotype.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.161.1-161.1
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• 2003

Two chitosanses produced by Aspergillus fumigatus KB-1 were purified by ion exchange and size exclusion chromatographies. Molecular weights of chitosanses were 111.23 KDa (chitosanase I) and 23.38 KDa (chitosanase II). The N-terminal amino acid sequence of chitosanase II was determined: YNLPNNLKQIYDKHKGKXSXVLAK(\ulcorner)GFTN. The optimum pH of the chitosanase I and II were 6.5 and 5.5 respectively. The optimum temperatures were $60^\times$C and $70^\times$. Two chitosanases were most stable at $10^\times$C. (omitted)

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.187-192
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• 1983

Three kinds of xylanases, X-C, X-I, and X-II, were separated from culture filtrate of an alkalophilic bacteria, Bocillus licheniformis OR-1. Their molecular weights were estimated to be 29, 000, 50, 000, and 34, 000, respectively. They were most active at pH 6.0-6.5, and at temperature of 5$0^{\circ}C$. Mercurc ion and p-chloromercurybenzoate inhibited the xylanase activity of X-C and X-II remarkably, whereas X-I was not affected. Xylanase X-I hydrolyzed barley straw xylan liberating xylose, xylobiose, and arabinose, while X-C and X-II produced only xylobiose and xylotriose.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2007

강낭콩 유식물로부터 PBS에 의한 추출, $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ 침전, Sepadex G-100 column chromatography에 의해 lectin을 분리한 다음, 이들의 생화학적 특성으로서 분자량, 적혈구 응집반응, 열 안정성, 최적 온도 및 최적 pH를 연구하였다. 이 과정에 토끼 혈액의 적혈구를 이용하여 활성을 측정하였다. 이 lectin의 분자량은 46 kDa와 44 kDa로서, 각각 2개의 subunit를 갖는 tetramer이다. 정제된 이 lectin의 최적 반응 온도는 30$^{\circ}C$이며, $40\sim80^{\circ}C$에서 열 안정성을 보였다. 또한 이 lectin의 최적 pH는 pH 8.2이다.

• 한국미생물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물생명공학회 1986년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.516.2-516
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• 1986

DNA subfragments, sopA, sopB, and sopC supporting stable maintenance of an oriC plasmid, were derived from mini-F plasmid DNA (EcoRI restriction fragment, f5) after digestion with restriction endonucleases, and cloned in vector plasmid pBR322. The recombinant plasmid obtained were introduced into E. coli KY7231 and E. coli CSR603, and proteins specified by the mini-F fragments were analysed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Two proteins encoded by the F fragments were detected, having molecular weights of 41,000 and 37.000. The sopA protein (41K) encoded by a plasmid pXX288 was observed in the cytoplasm, whereas the sopB protein (37K) encoded by a plasmid pXX157 was in the membrane fraction. There was no novel protein band detected in the cell with a plasmid pXX300, which contained sopC fragment. Gene products of a plasmid pXX167, which is comprised of sopA, sopB, and sopC, were not detectable. Fluorography after one and two dimensional gel electrophoresis of the lysates showed that these two proteins were overproduced in the cells which were allowed to incorporate radioactive amino acid after plasmid amplification by chloramphenicol treatment. The isoelectric points of the sopA and sepB proteins were 6.6 and 7.0, respectively.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.211-220
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• 1998

Cellulose-degrading fungi were idenfied as Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2(IV), T. harzianum and C. cochliodes. Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2(IV) grows better in the acidified media of pH 4 and 5 than pH 6 and 7. Mycelial growth of T. harzianum and C. cochliodes was also higher in pH 4 and 5 than in pH 6 and 7. In order to relate the above findings to nutrient utilization, mycelial growth of R. solani AG2-2(IV) are evaluated with various carbon sources. R. solani AG2-2(IV) grows well in the order of mannose, cellobiose, glucose, xylose and arabinose. However, mycelial dry weights of T. harzianum were 98.7, 78.0, 72.3, 43.7 and 32.3mg in glucose, mannose, cellobiose, xylose, and arabinose, respectively. Mycelial dry weight of C. cochilodes was 118, 65, 57, 49, and 16mg in mannose, cellobiose, xylose, glucose, and arabinose, respectively. Result of cellulase assay of R. solani AG2-2(IV) and soil fungi was reffered as, R. solani AG2-2(IV) produced more cellulase on CMC substrate than on CEL and secretes more enzyme in floated condition than in water-immersed condition. T. harzianum secreted less amount of cellulase than R. solani AG2-2 and C. cochliodes. T. harzianum produced no enzyme on CEL under water-immersed condition. C. cochliodes produced similar amounts of cellulase on either CMC or CEL under both water-immersed and floated condition.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.12-24
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• 1990

멘헤이든의 장기에서 황산암모늄염석, 친화성크 로마토그라피(Benzamidine-Sepharose 6B), 이온교환크로마토그라피 (DEAE-Sephacel), 겔여과크로마토그라피(Sephadex G-75)등의 정제과정을 거쳐 2종의 trypsin-유사효소를 정제하고 다른 혈압육어 trypsin의 성질과 비교 검토할 수 있는 효소학적 성질에 관하여 분석하였다. 이들 두 효소는 trypsin에 대한 선택성 합성기질인 $N\alpha$-benzoyl-DL-arginine-p-nitroanilide ( BA-p-NA)를 분해하고, 이미 알려져 있는 trypsin 저해제 tosyl Iysyl chloromethyl ketone(TLCK), soybean trypsin inhibitor(SBTI), benzamidine, leupetin, antipain 등에 의하여 현저히 저해를 받으므로서 serine계의 trypsin임이 확증되었다. 이들 두 효소의 분자량은 겔여과법과 SDS-polya-crylamide 전기영동법에 의하여 trypsin A가 약 25,000, trypsin B가 약 26,200이었으므로 이미 밝혀진 혈압육어의 trypsin 중에서는 비교적 작았다. 이들 효소는 다른 혈압육어들에 비하여 염기성아미노산에 속하는 arginine과 Iysine이 다소 적었든 반면, 중성아미노산인 glycine과 alanine, 그밖에 tryptophan이 조금 많았다. 한편, 이들 효소는 BA-p-NA 기질에 대하여 $60^{\circ}C$전후, pH $8\~11$에서 최대활성을 보였으며, 산성 pH의 조건과 $40^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서는 극히 불안정하였다. 이들 두 효소의 BA-p-NA에 대한 Km 정수는 trypsin A가 $1.4\times10^{-4}M$, trypsin B가 $4.3\times10^{-5}M$였다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.91-102
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• 1982

This study was designed to find out the nutritional defect of general Korean diet and the effective way of nutritional supplementation. Seventy weanling Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 51.8$\pm$0.9g were blocked into ten groups and fed ten different diets ad libitum for eight weeks: Standard groups(st gp) was given 72% sugar-20% casein diet: Cereal-vegetable group(c-v gp) was fed cereal-vegetable diet(c-v diet) composed of rice, barley, soybean, spinach and cabbage: the other eight groups were fed c-v diets supplemented with casein, vitamin $B_{2}$, calcium, vitamin A, vitamin B2 and A, vitamin A and calcium, vitamin $B_{2}$ and calcium, vitamin A and $B_{2}$and calcium, respectively, on the basis of each nutrients content of standard diet. The results were as follows: 1. Food intakes and body weight gains in all the experimental groups were significantly lower than st gp. Among experimental groups, casein gp and vit B2 gp tended to gain more body weights than c-v gp. 2. Through all the experimental period, F.E.R., pp.E.R., and NDPcal% did nod show significant differences among all the experimental groups and st gp. 3. The weights of liver, kidney, and gastrocnemius were significantly lower in all the experimental groups as compared with st gp. But brain and sex organ weights did not show differences among all the groups. 4. Nitrogen contents of total carcass, liver, and gastrocnemius in all the experimental groups tended to be increased as compared with st gp, and among experimental groups, they tended to be increased by casein supplementation and decreased by ca supplementation. 5. Apparent nitrogen digestibility, urinary and fecal nitrogen excretion, the amount of nitrogen retained, and N.P.U. did not show any significant differences among all the groups. 6. Serum total protein concentrations did not show any significant differences among all the groups.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.784-790
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• 2014

인위적 환경에서 사육된 파리유충은 곤충 의생명소재로서 잠재성을 갖는다. 본 연구는 파리유충 에탄올추출물(EM)을 랫드에게 추출물을 투여하지 않은 대조군과 생체중 100 g 당 추출물 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 mg으로 구분하여 40일동안 경구투여 하였다. 혈액 중성지방, 총콜레스테롤 및 LDL-C는 대조군과 비교할 때 EM 투여군에서 각각 17.90, 17.60, 16.37% 낮아졌으나 HDL-C는 120.48% 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 흉선, 비장은 대조군과 비교할 때 EM 투여군에서 각각 121.42, 121.42% 농도 의존적으로 증가하였으나 복강지방은 39.66% 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 혈액 IgG, IgA, IgM 농도는 대조군과 비교할 때 EM 투여군에서 각각 135.14, 168.65, 290.16% 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus는 EM 투여군이 대조군과 비교할 때 각각 141.68, 135.55% 증가하였으나 Bacteroides, Clostridium, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus는 각각 24.96, 46.37, 25.00, and 34.05% 유의하게 낮아졌다(p<0.05). 맹장에서 총유기산, 초산과 프로피온산은 EM 투여군이 대조군과 비교할 때 각각 131.11, 149.34, 124.88% 증가하였으나 뷰티르산, 이소뷰티르산, 발레르산, 이소발레르산은 각각 30.79, 72.64, 32.90, 63.16% 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 본 연구결과는 파리유충 에탄올추출물이 동물의 장 내 미생물 균총 유지 및 유기산 증식을 통한 복강지방, 혈액지질 감소 및 면역세포 발육과 관련한 비피더스 활성효과를 갖는다는 점을 나타낸다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1633-1639
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• 2009

This study investigated the effect of maternal undernutrition during late pregnancy on the growth and development of ovine fetal visceral organs. One hundred Mongolian ewes were mated at a synchronized oestrus and divided into three groups and offered 0.175 MJ ME $kgw^{-0.75}\;d^{-1}$ (Restricted Group1; RG1), 0.33 MJ ME $kgw^{-0.75}\;d^{-1}$ (Restricted Group2; RG2) and ad libitum access to feed (Control Group; CG) during late pregnancy (90 days). Selected animals in each group were slaughtered immediately at d 90 of pregnancy and after parturition (neonatal lambs), and major visceral organs were removed and weighed separately. The results indicated that the weights of lung (p<0.01), spleen (p<0.01), heart (p<0.05), liver (p<0.05) and abomasum (p<0.01) in RG1 were significantly lighter than those of CG. For RG2, only the weights of the lung (p<0.05) and spleen (p<0.01) were significantly lighter than those of CG; when expressed as a percentage of body weight, significance was retained in the spleen (p<0.01) for both restricted groups, but the percentage of brain in RG1 was significantly higher than that in CG (p<0.01). For lung and spleen, the amount of DNA was significantly lower (p<0.01) in both groups of restricted neonatal lambs compared to CG; however, there was a significant difference only between RG1 and CG for protein: DNA ratio (p<0.01). The DNA content of kidney, abomasum and jejunum were decreased (p<0.05) in RG1 neonatal lambs, but protein: DNA ratio in the liver was decreased compared with that of CG (p<0.05). The plane of maternal undernutrition during late pregnancy had a significant effect on the growth and development of fetal visceral organs, which altered ontogeny of fetal organ growth and development. These perturbations in fetal visceral development may have significant implications on postnatal growth and adult health.