• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2015

Objective : The aim of this study was to survey the present utilization of pattern identification(PI) in the clinical field among Korean Medicine Doctors. Method : This survey was conducted from Oct. 1 to Oct. 31, 2014 by face-to-face interview using structured questionnaire. The subjects were 400 korean medicine doctors who worked in hospitals or clinics. The questionnaire consisted of two sections - a demographics section(i.e., sex, age, clinical experience, place of work, residence and so on) and the main research section(i.e., the PI utilization rate, the utilization of PI systems, the utilization of PI in the clinical domain and in the treatment domain, the correlation between utilization PI and so on). Results : This study revealed that subjects used the PI to 66.7% of their patients on average. The utilization rate of PI in patients was significantly higher for female physicians than for male physicians, for physicians worked in clinics than for physicians who worked in hospitals and for physicians with more than 10 years clinical experience than for physicians with less than 10 years clinical experience. In the utilization of PI systems, Visceral PI was most as 92.0%. There were significant difference on the PI utilization rate according to utilization of Meridian and Collateral PI, Triple Energizer PI, Defense, Qi, Nutrient and Blood PI, Six-Meridian PI and Six Excesses PI. As a result of analysing the PI utilization rate by clinical domain and in the treatment domain, the Treatment and the Drug Treatment showed the highest values. Among utilized PI systems, the correlation coefficients between Defense, Qi, Nutrient and Blood PI and Triple Energizer PI showed the highest value, but the correlation coefficients between Sasang Constitutional Medicine with the each PI showed substantially lower value. Conclusion : The results of this study demonstrate that usage of PI was higher than usage of U code(in KCD) usage in clinical field. we suggested that additional studies on using PI and developing more appropriate standardized tool should be conducted to widen scope of PI's utilization.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2114-2116
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• 2001

Model reduction from high order systems to low order systems in frequency domain is considered four point (${\angle}$G(jw)=0, - ${\pi}/2$, ${\pi}$, and -3${\pi}$/2) instead of two point (${\angle}$G(jw) = - ${\pi}$/2,- ${\pi}$) of existing method in Nyquist curve. The Performances of reduced order model by proposed approach is similar to original model. In this paper, we proposed a new tuning algorithm for PID controller using model reduction in frequency domain. Simulations for some examples with varies dynamic characteristics are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed tuning algorithm for PID controller using model reduction.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.1253-1268
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• 2015

It is well known that an integral domain D is a UFD if and only if every nonzero prime ideal of D contains a nonzero principal prime. This is the so-called Kaplansky's theorem. In this paper, we give this type of characterizations of a graded PvMD (resp., G-GCD domain, GCD domain, $B{\acute{e}}zout$ domain, valuation domain, Krull domain, ${\pi}$-domain).

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1999년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.728-731
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• 1999

This paper concerns a development of LQ-servo PI controller design on the basis of time-domain approach. This is because the previous design techniques developed on the frequency-domain is not well suited to meet the time-domain design specifications. Our development techniques used in this paper is based on the convex optimization methods including Lagrange multiplier, dual concept, semidefinite programming.

• Journal of Information Display
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.19-22
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• 2004

A ${\pi}$ cell is initially in splay state. Before driving a ${\pi}$ cell, transition from splay to bend state is always necessary which originates from nucleation. We propose a novel technique to make bend transition fast and effectively by forming transition cores around the pixels with the technique of multi-domain alignment, where domain boundaries play a crucial role in splay to bend transition. This noble technique enables the splay to bend transition to occur within less than 2 seconds with a low applied voltage.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1997년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1579-1581
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• 1997

We investigated the effect of polarity of polyimide(PI) film in amorphous (a) - twisted nematic (TN) - liquid crystal display(LCD) for response time and viewing angle. We found that the domain size of a-TN-LCD on PI film with high polarity is smaller then medium polarity. It is considered that the electro-optical characteristics are strongly dependent on this domain in a-TN-LCD. We observed the response time of a-TN-LCD on PI film with high polarity is slow as comparing to PI film with medium polarity. We suggest that the response time of a-TN-LCD is attributed surface effect between the LCs and the substrates.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.109-112
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• 2005

This paper presents an optimal and robust PI-PD controller design method for the second-order systems both with dead time and without dead time to satisfy the design specifications in the time domain via LQR design technique. The optimal tuning method of PI-PD controller are also developed by setpoint weighting and neural networks. It is shown that the simulation results show significantly improved performance by proposed method.

• BMB Reports
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.720-725
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• 2004

A number of signaling molecules contain small pleckstrin homology (PH) domains capable of binding phosphoinositides or proteins. Phospholipase C (PLC)-${\gamma}1$ has two putative PH domains, an $NH_2$-terminal (PH1) and a split PH domain ($nPH_2$ and $cPH_2$). We previously reported that the split PH domain of PLC-${\gamma}1$ binds to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI(4)P) and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)$P_2$) (Chang et al., 2002). To identify the amino acid residues responsible for binding with PI(4)P and PI(4,5)$P_2$, we used site-directed mutagenesis to replace each amino acid in the variable loop-1 (VL-1) region of the PLC-${\gamma}1$ $nPH_2$ domain with alanine (a neutral amino acid). The phosphoinositide-binding affinity of these mutant molecules was analyzed by Dot-blot assay followed by ECL detection. We found that two PLC-${\gamma}1$ nPH2 domain mutants, P500A and H503A, showed reduced affinities for phosphoinositide binding. Furthermore, these mutant PLC-${\gamma}1$ molecules showed reduced PI(4,5)$P_2$ hydrolysis. Using green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein system, we showed that both $PH_1$ and $nPH_2$ domains are responsible for membrane-targeted translocation of PLC-${\gamma}1$ upon serum stimulation. Together, our data reveal that the amino acid residues $Pro^{500}$ and $His^{503}$ are critical for binding of PLC-${\gamma}1$ to one of its substrates, PI(4,5)$P_2$ in the membrane.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1292-1297
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• 2000

외부로부터 불규칙 교란을 받는 동력학계에 대해 '허-확률 제어기법'을 이용하여 설계된 제어기의 성능을 수치모사를 통하여 검증하였다. 압전소자를 알루미늄 보에 부착하여 다중입출력의 복합재료보로 만들고, 기반에 불규칙한 외부교란을 받는계에 대한 모델링을 수행하였으며, Ito의 확률미분방정식과 F-P-K방정식을 이용하여 동적 모멘트 방정식을 유도하여 시스템의 확률영역에서의 특성을 알아보았다. 본 연구에서 제어기의 목표는 외부교란의 입력에 의해 발생하는 시스템의 모멘트 응답크기를 줄이는 방향으로 전개하였고, 확률영역에서의 MIMO PI제어기('허-확률 MIMO PI 제어기')를 설계하여 시간영역에서의 응답형태를 관찰하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제25권6A호
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• pp.855-861
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• 2000

본 논문은 시간 영역에서의 접근 방법에 기초하여 LQ-서보형 PI 제어기 설계 기법을 개발하였다. 이러한 연구의 동기가 된것은 주파수 영역에서 개발된 기존의 방법이 시간영역의 설계사양들을 잘 만족하지 않기 때문이다. 본 논문에서 개발된 기법은 라그랑지 곱셈기, 쌍대개념, 반한정 프로그래밍을 포함하는 볼록형최적화 기법에 기반을 둔다.