• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2002

에탄올 투여에 의한 산화적 손상에 대하여 비타민 A의 보충급여 영향을 조사하고자 흰쥐에게 AIN-76 요구량에 2배 수준으로 retinyl acetate와 $\beta$-carotene을 보충한 식이를 5주간 급여한 후 20% 에탄올 용액(3g/kg B.W)을 급성으로 복강내에 투여하였다. 그런 다음 간조직에서 생성되는 지질과산 화물 함량, 간조직에서의 관련 효소활성도와 항산화비타민의 함량을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 간조직에서의 지질과 산화물 함량은 대조군에 비하여 $\beta$-carotene 공급군에서 유의적인 감소를 나타내었다. 그러나 retinyl acetate 공급군과 $\beta$-carotene 공급군 사이에서의 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. SOD 활성은 대조군에 비해 retinyl acetate 공급군이 높았고, catalase 활성과 GSH-Px 활성은 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. GST 활성은 에탄올만을 투영한 대조군에 비해 retinyl acetate와 $\beta$-carotene을 공급한 군에서 유의적으로 감소되었다. 간조직 내 retinol 함량은 대조군에 비해 retinyl acetate 공급군에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며, 이는 에탄올 급여로 인한 간조직 비타민 A의 소모를 retinyl acetate의 급여로 인해 완화시킨 것으로 여겨진다. 그러나 혈청에서는 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 간조직내 $\alpha$-tocopherol의 함량은 retinyl acetate와 $\beta$-carotene 공급군에서 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 금성적인 에탄올의 투여에 대해 retinyl acetate나 $\beta$-carotene을 보충 급여한 경우 항산화효소계 중 superoxide dismutase의 활성이 유도되는 경향을 보였으며, 대표적인 항산화비타민으로 알려진 $\alpha$-tocopherol의 간조직 내 수준이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2013

목 적: 본 연구에서는 부인과에서 빈용되고 있는 사물탕에 향부자를 가미한 처방을 사용하여 반복적인 스트레스를 가한 난소적출 흰쥐에 대하여 항우울 효과와 학습에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 방 법: 난소적출 흰쥐에 2주간 반복적인 스트레스를 주고, 사물탕가향부자(100 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg)을 경구 투여한 후 행동검사로 Morris water maze test, Forced swimming test, Sucrose intake 측정과 Social exploration 관찰을 시행하였으며 혈액검사로 혈청 Corticosterone, IL-$1{\beta}$와 TNF-${\alpha}$의 변화를 측정하였다. 결 과: 1. Morris water maze test에서 사물탕가향부자 400 mg 투여군은 실험 3, 4일째 에 사물탕가향부자 100 mg 투여군은 실험 4일째에 acquisition trial 수행의 시간이 대조군에 비해서 단축되는 유의한 효과를 보였다. 2. Forced swimming test에서 사물탕가향부자 400 mg 투여군은 대조군에 비해서 immobility 시간이 유의하게 줄어들었다. 3. Sucrose intake test에서 사물탕가향부자 400 mg 투여군은 대조군에 비해서 현저히 자당 섭취량이 증가하였고, social exploration 관찰에서 사물탕가향부자 400 mg 투여군은 대조군에 비해서 현저히 active social behavior가 증가하였다. 4. Corticosterone 측정에서 사물탕가향부자를 투여한 후 corticosterone 수준이 감소하는 변화가 있었지만 유효하지는 않았다. 5. 사물탕가향부자 투여군(100 mg, 400 mg)에서 IL-$1{\beta}$와 TNF-${\alpha}$의 양이 대조군에 비해 유의하게 감소되었다. 결 론: 이상의 결과로 사물탕가향부자는 난소적출 흰쥐의 우울 및 인지력 저하에 유효함을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.224-241
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• 2010

Objectives : The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of Sargassum (Sargassum pallidum (TURN.) C. AG.; SP) on the experimental colitis induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) in mice. Methods : ICR mice were divided into 7 groups (NOR, CON, $SS50\times5$, $SP20\times3$, $SP50\times3$, $SP20\times5$, $SP50\times5$). TNBS processing was intrarectally applied to all experimental groups on the 3rd experiment day, except the normal group (NOR). For investigating the prophylactic effect, SP at doses of 20 mg/kg ($SP20\times5$) and 50 mg/kg ($SP50\times5$) were orally administered for 5 days. The SP at doses of 20 mg/kg ($SP20\times3$) and 50 mg/kg ($SP50\times3$) were orally administered for 3 days after the colitis induction in order to check the effect of treatment. As a positive control group, sulfasalazine 50 mg/kg ($SS50\times5$) was administrated. Macroscopic findings of epithelial tissue on mice were measured by colon length and macroscopic score. Histologic findings were also checked by crypt cell, epithelial cell, inflammatory cell and edema of submucosa. We measured the ability of SP to inhibit lipid peroxidation and myeloperoxidase activity. We also measured levels of the inflammatory markers, interleukin (IL)-$1\beta$ and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), its transcription factor activation, phospho-NF-${\kappa}B$ (pp65), in the colon by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblot analysis. We measured activation of fecal bacterial enzyme, $\beta$-glucuronidase and degradation activation of fecal glycosaminoglycan (GAG), and hyaluronic acid. Results : Oral administration of SP on mice inhibited TNBS-induced colon shortening and myeloperoxidase activity in the colon of mice as well as IL-$1\beta$ and COX-2 expression. SP also inhibited TNBS-induced lipid peroxidation and pp65 activation in the colon of mice. SP inhibited $\beta$-glucuronidase activation and fecal hyaluronic acid degradation activation as well. Conclusions : SP could be a possible herbal candidate and preventive prebiotic agent for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Further experiments to differentiate effects of SP on IBD, such as other solutions and extracting times, might be promising.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2000

${\beta}$-Galactosidase was extracted and purified from strawberry. The purified ${\beta}$-Galactosidase from strawberry was investigated their physicochemical characteristics. ${\beta}$-Galactosidase was purified 25.74 fold from strawberry. The purification procedure include ammonium sulfate fraction, acetone powder treatment and gel and ion exchange chromatography. Yield of the enzyme purification was 18.11%. The purified enzyme has native molecular weight of 116,000 dalton. Vmax value and Km value of ${\beta}$-Galactosidase were 0.077 mM ONPG/ml/15mim and 1.75x10-2mM, respectively. The optimum temperature and pH of ${\beta}$-Galactosidase were 43$^{\circ}$C and pH 4.0, respectively. The ${\beta}$-Galactosidase activity was stable below 50$^{\circ}$C and at pH 4.0 to pH 6.0. Among the metal ions Ca and Mg were did not affect, whereas K, Cu and Zn show a little effect on the enzyme activity. The ${\beta}$-Galactosidase activities were inhibited by treatment with EDTA and SDS.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2022

우리나라 남부와 서해 해안가를 중심으로 자생하고 있는 순비기나무는 자원 활용 측면에서 많은 활용 가치를 가지고 있다. 예로부터 민간에서 민간약재로 이용하거나 한약재로 사용되었다. 잎과 줄기에서도 강한 향이 나지만 열매에서도 강한 향이 나서 순비기나무 열매를 이용해 에센스오일을 추출하여 성분을 분석한 연구는 일부 있지만 하이드로졸을 추출하여 이에 대한 향기성분의 연구는 거의 없다. 이유는 열매가 딱딱하여 일반적인 추출방법으로는 함유된 유효 성분을 확인하는 것이 어렵기 때문이다. 따라서 본 연구는 추출방법을 달리하여 딱딱한 열매를 고온으로 추출하여 얻은 하이드로졸의 향에 함유된 성분을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 플라보노이드 함량이 가장 많은 추출조건은 ethanol로 30.57mg/g 이었고 다음으로 열수추출물로 18.26mg/g, 물 추출물이 가장 낮은 9.69mg/g이었다. 2. 순비기나무 열매를 증류추출한 결과 하이드로졸의 향기는 3-Methyl-2-butenoic acid, cyclobutyl ester, Eucalyptol, L-alpha-Terpineol, 1H-Cycloprop[e] azulen-7-ol, decahydro-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylene-, [1ar-(1a.alpha.,4a.alpha.,7.beta.,7a.beta.,7b. alpha.)]가 많은 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.503-508
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• 2011

A ${\beta}$-glucosidase from Phoma sp. KCTC11825BP isolated from rotten mandarin peel was purified 8.5-fold with a specific activity of 84.5 U/mg protein. The purified enzyme had a molecular mass of 440 kDa with a subunit of 110 kDa. The partial amino acid sequence of the purified ${\beta}$-glucosidase evidenced high homology with the fungal ${\beta}$- glucosidases belonging to glycosyl hydrolase family 3. Its optimal activity was detected at pH 4.5 and $60^{\circ}C$, and the enzyme had a half-life of 53 h at $60^{\circ}C$. The $K_m$ values for p-nitrophenyl-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside and cellobiose were 0.3 mM and 3.2 mM, respectively. The enzyme was competitively inhibited by both glucose ($K_i$=1.7 mM) and glucono-${\delta}$-lactone ($K_i$=0.1 mM) when pNPG was used as the substrate. Its activity was inhibited by 41% by 10 mM $Cu^{2+}$ and stimulated by 20% by 10 mM $Mg^{2+}$.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.396-404
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• 2012

The aim of the study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of calcium against intestinal cancer in vitro and in vivo. We first investigated the effects of calcium treatment in HCT116 and HT29 human colon cancer cells. At the concentration range of 0.8-2.4 mM, calcium significantly inhibited cell growth (by 9-29%), attachment (by 12-26%), invasion (by 15-31%), and migration (by 19-61%). An immunofluorescence microscope analysis showed that the treatment with calcium (1.6 mM) for 24 h increased plasma membrane ${\beta}$-catenin but decreased nuclear ${\beta}$-catenin levels in HT29 cells. We then investigated the effect of dietary calcium on intestinal tumorigenesis in $Apc^{Min/+}$ mice. Mice received dietary treatment starting at 6 weeks of age for the consecutive 8 weeks. The basal control diet contained high-fat (20% mixed lipids by weight) and low-calcium (1.4 mg/g diet) to mimic the average Western diet, while the treatment diet contained an enriched level of calcium (5.2 mg calcium/g diet). The dietary calcium treatment decreased the total number of small intestinal tumors (by 31.4%; P < 0.05). The largest decrease was in tumors which were ${\geq}$ 2 mm in diameter, showing a 75.6% inhibition in the small intestinal tumor multiplicity (P < 0.001). Immunohistochemical analysis showed significantly reduced nuclear staining of ${\beta}$-catenin (expressed as nuclear positivity), but increased plasma membrane staining of ${\beta}$-catenin, in the adenomas from the calcium-treated groups in comparison to those from the control group (P < 0.001). These results demonstrate intestinal cancer inhibitory effects of calcium both in human colon cancer cells and $Apc^{Min/+}$ mice. The decreased ${\beta}$-catenin nuclear localization caused by the calcium treatment may contribute to the inhibitory action.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.155-166
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• 2010

Objetives : The purpose of this study was to examine the pathway of anti-allergic effects of Aconiti Ciliare Tuber (ACT). Methods : We examined cell viability, ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release, pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion and mRNA expressions, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$) (p65) activation, inhibitor kappa B-alpha ($I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$) degradation, and MAPKs activation from RBL-2H3 cells pre-treatment by ACT of 1.0 mg/ml, 2.0 mg/ml separately. Results : We observed that ACT reduced the secretion of ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-4 and the expression of COX-2 mRNA in RBL-2H3 cells. Futhermore, ACT inhibited the levels of activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ (p65) protein, ERK MAPK, and degradation of $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ in RBL-2H3 cells. Conclusions : These results show that ACT has an anti-histamine effect and inhibitory effect of NF-${\kappa}B$ (p65) through regulation of $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ degradation. This improves that ACT could be used as an anti-allergic medicine.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.93-103
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• 2010

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the pathway of anti-allergic effects of Cheonmaec-tang (CMT). Methods We examined the cell viability, $\beta$-hexosaminidase release, pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion and mRNA expressions, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$) (p65) activation, inbibitor kappa B-alpha ($I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$) degradation, and MAPKs activation in RBL-2H3 cells pre-treated by CMT of 2.0 mg/ml, 4.0 mg/ml separately. Results We observed that CMT reduced the secretion of $\beta$-hexosaminidase, TNF-$\alpha$, IL-4 and the expression of COX-2 mRNA in RBL-2H3 cells. Furthermore, CMT inhibited the levels of activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ (p65) protein, ERK MAPK, and degradation of $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ in RBL-2H3 cells. Conclusions These results show that CMT has an anti-histamine effect and inhibitory effect of NF-${\kappa}B$ (p65) through regulation of $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ degradation. These suggest that CMT could be used as an anti-allergic medicine.

• 약학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.557-564
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• 2001

To determine effects of zinc on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines and Iymphokines in tumor-bearing ICR mice, this study has been investigated. Zinc chloride (Zn) at doses of 1 mg/kg was administered orally 30 minutes before i.p. injection of LPS (8 mg/kg) 5 times for 7 days. LPS greatly increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$ and interleukin (IL)-1$\beta$, in both serum and splenic supernatants compared with those in controls. However Zn strongly decreased LPS-increased production of TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-1$\beta$ in spleenic supernatants compared with those in controls and insignificantly also reduced in serum. LPS insignificantly decreased IL-2 levels in spleenic supernatants compared with those in controls but significantly increased interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$ levels. Zn didn't affect IL-2 production in splenic supernatants compared to controls but significantly enhanced the LPS-decreased production of IL-2. Zn significantly increased IFN-${\gamma}$ levels in splenic supernatants compared to controls and did not affect the LPS-increased production of IFN-${\gamma}$. These findings suggest that Zn may strongly attenuate the LPS-induced pathogenesis of proinflammatory cytokines in tumor-bearing state and significantly up-regulate the LPS-induced function of T cells to produce IL-2 with maintaining normally the LPS- increased levels of IFN-${\gamma}$.