• 약학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.168-173
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• 2005

Alzheimers disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of neurodegenerations associated with aging in the human population. This disease is characterized by the extracellular deposition of beta-amyloid (A ${\beta}$) peptide in cerebral plaques. The A ${\beta}$ peptide is derived from the ${\beta}$-amyloid precursor protein ( ${\beta}$APP). Photolytic processing of ${\beta}$APP by ${\beta}$-secretase(beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme, BASE) and ${\gamma}$-secretase generates the A ${\beta}$ peptide. Several lines of evidence support that A ${\beta}$-induced neuronal cell death is major mechanisms of development of AD. Accordingly, the ${\beta}$-and ${\gamma}$-secretase have been implicated to be excellent targets for the treatment of AD. We previously found that sesaminol glucosides have improving effect on memory functions through anti-oxidative mechanism. In this study, to elucidate possible other mechanism (inhibition of ${\beta}$-and ${\gamma}$-secretase) of sesaminol glucosides, we examined the improving effect of sesaminol glucosides in the scopolamine (1 mg/kg/mouse)-induced memory dysfunction using water maze test in the mice. Sesaminol glucosides (3.75, 7.5 mg/kg/6ml/day p.o., for 3 weeks) reversed the latency time, distance and velocity by scopolamine in dose dependent manner. Next, ${\beta}$-and ${\gamma}$-secretase activities were determined in different regions of brain. Sesaminol glucosides dose-dependently attenuated scopolamine-induced ${\beta}$-secretase activities in cortex and hippocampous and ${\gamma}$-secretase in cortex. This study therefore suggests that sesaminol glucosides may be a useful agent for prevention of the development or progression of AD, and its inhibitory effect on secretase may play a role in the improving action of sesaminol glucosides on memory function.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.70-79
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• 2003

$\beta$ -Glucosidase-catalysed synthesis of glucosides with aromatic alcohols and monoterpene alcohols as accepters and cellobiose as a donor in the presence of various commercial $\beta$ -glucosidases were described. $\beta$ -Glucosidases from Aspergillus niger spp,. Trichoderma spp., Penicillium sup. and bitter almond have been shown to catalyze synthesis of $\beta$ -glucosides of benzyl alcohol, 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 2-phenylethyl alcohol, geraniol and citronellol in the presence of cellobiose as sugar donor. Among enzyme preparations tested, each $\beta$ -glucosides prepared from Aspergillus niger were isolated in the pure state by Diaion HP-20 and silica gel column chromatography. The products were identified as $\beta$ -glucosyl products of benzyl alcohol, 2-hydroxyhenzyl alcohol, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 2-phenyl ethyl alcohol, geraniol and citronellol by spectrometry (UV, IR, $^1$H-NMR, $^{13}$ C-NMR) and enzymatic hydrolysis with $\beta$ - glucosidase. Monoterpene alcohols with a sterically hindered hydroxyl group, such as linalool, $\ell$-menthol and $\alpha$-terpineol were not used as acceptors in transglycosylation reaction.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.231-236
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• 2007

천연소재인 아몬드 첨가에 의한 대두 이소플라본의 특성 변화를 연구하였다. 대두를 침지처리 및 oven-drying 공정을 통해 ${\beta}-glucosides$ 함량을 증가시킨 후 아몬드 2.5%첨가 12시간 반응으로 ${\beta}-glucosides$로부터 비배당체를 전환시켜 비배당체의 함량을 날콩에 비해 17.5배 이상 증가시킬 수 있었다. 아몬드 첨가에 의한 genistin 분해 속도 및 genistein 생성속도는 각각의 daidzin 분해 속도 및 daidzein 생성속도보다 높았다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2008

From the polar fractions of 70% EtOH extract of Paeonia lactiflora roots (Paeoniaceae), ten monoterpene glucosides were isolated and identified as lactiflorin (1), benzoylpaeoniflorin (2), mudanpioside C (3), $1-O-{\beta}-D-glucosylpaeonisuffrone$ (4), paeonidanin (5), $1-O-{\beta}-D-glucosyl-8-O-benzoylpaeonisuffrone$ (6), paeoniflorin (7), albiflorin (8), oxypaeoniflorin (9) and mudanpioside E (10) by spectroscopic methods. Among these glucosides, 3-6 and 10 were isolated for the first time from this plant.

• 생약학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.99-104
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• 1985

To investigate a possible biological activity of iridoid glucosides, six compounds, aucubin, catalpol, gardenoside, geniposide, rehmannioside and swertiamarin, were studied in relation with their potential influences in RNA and protein biosyntheses in murine tumor cell, sarcoma 180, in vitro. Protein biosynthesis was slightly inhibited by aucubin, gardenoside and swertiamarin. Degree of inhibition of RNA biosynthesis by those iridoid appeared to be more sensitive than that of protein biosynthesis. When aucubin was pretreated with ${\beta}-glucosidase$ to produce its genin form and the sarcoma 180 cells were exposed to this aucubigenin, the protein and RNA biosyntheses in the cells were profoundly inhibited. The results indicate that a biologically active from of iridoid compounds is the hydrolytic products of glycoside, i.e. genin form. It is also suggested that sarcoma 180 cells used in the experiments appear to lack of ${\beta}-glucosidase$, since the inhibitory actions of iridoid glucosides were so slight that those glucosides were not hydrolysed by the enzyme to their genin forms.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.255-259
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• 1996

$\beta$-Glucosidase was known to be involved in the mutagenic activation of $\beta$-glucosides. The level of $\beta$-glucosidase in the feces of adults was 2.7 times higher than that of infants. There was no difference in the percentage of $\beta$-glucosidase positive strains among Bifidobacterium isolates between adults and infants, corresponding to 90 and 92$%$, respectively. However, the strains from adults showed 1.9 times higher enzyme activity than those from infants when grown in Brain Heart Infusion medium. $\beta$-Glucosidase negative strains could not ferment $\beta$-glucosidase substrates, such as cellobiose, salicin, naringin, esculin and arbutin. Presence of $\beta$-glucosidase in Bifidobacterium did not alter the degree of growth in reconstituted skim milk. The $\beta$-glucosidase level was much lower in milk and vegetable medium, although cells grew above $10^8$cfu/ml, than in BHI medium. This study suggests that metabolic activation of the $\beta$-glucosides by Bifidobacterium $\beta$-glucosidase varies significantly depending on types of growth medium.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.587-590
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• 2006

Three naphthopyrone glucosides, cassiaside (1), $rubrofusarin-6-O-{\beta}-D-gentiobioside$ (2), and $toralactone-9-O-{\beta}-D-gentiobioside$ (3), were isolated from the BuOH-soluble extract of the seeds of Cassia tora as active constituents, using an in vitro bioassay based on the inhibition of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) to monitor chromatographic fractionation. The structures of 1-3 were determined by spectroscopic data interpretation, particularly by extensive 1D and 2D NMR studies. All the isolates (1-3) were evaluated for the inhibitory activity on AGEs formation in vitro.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.96-101
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• 2006

Isoflavone distribution and ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity in cheonggukjang, a traditional Korean whole soybean-fermented food prepared with or without addition of Bacillus subtilis, were analyzed every 6 hr for 36 hr. Thermal cooking of raw-soaked soybeans significantly increased ${\beta}$-glucoside isoflavone level by 57.1 % and decreased malonyl-${\beta}$-glucosides by 57.6% (p<0.05). Consistent changes of isoflavone profiles in cheonggukjang without B. subtilis addition (COB) and samples with addition of B. subtilis (CWB) were not observed during 36 hr fermentation. ${\beta}$-Glucosides of isoflavones are major forms in both COB and CWB. ${\beta}$-Glucosidase activity in cheonggukjang decreased significantly compared to that of soaked soybeans due to thermal denaturation, while recovery of enzyme activity in COB was observed. Two new unidentified peaks were detected, and their relative peak areas in CWB were significantly larger than those in COB with increasing fermentation period (p<0.05), which indicates both peaks could be associated with fermentation metabolites.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.461-468
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• 2006

콩가루 50, 75, 100% 첨가 콩 반죽에 0, 1, 3%의 아몬드 첨가와 0, 20, 40분의 반죽 정치시간을 통해 제조 된 콩 과자 반죽에서 ${\beta}-glucosidase$ 활성을 측정하였고 콩 과자에서의 이소플라본 함량 및 aglycone 이소플라본 변화를 연구하였다. 일반적으로 콩가루 첨가량이 증가 될수록, 아몬드 첨가량이 증가할수록 반죽의 ${\beta}-glucosidase$ 효소 활성도는 높았으며 반죽 정치시간 20분이 0분이나 40분 보다 효소 활성이 유의적으로 높았다. 콩 과자 반죽에 포함된 이소플라본 함량은 예상된 함량 보다 약 15.2-31.5% 가량 적게 검출 되었다. 콩가루의 이소플라본 분포에 비해 콩 과자는 aglycones과 $6@-O-{\beta}-glucosides$는 증가하였고 $6@-O-malonyl-{\beta}-glucosides$는 감소하였다. 콩 과자의 aglycone 함량 증가에는 아몬드 첨가 보다 반죽 정치시간 증가가 더 효율적이었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.2247-2250
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• 2012

Two new bibenzyl glucosides, 3,3',4',5-tetramethoxybibenzyl-4-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 3,4,4',5-tetramethoxybibenzyl-3'-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (2), together with five known ones, chrysotobibenzyl (3), erianin (4), chrysotoxine (5), gigantol (6) and tristin (7) were isolated from the stems of Dendrobium chrysotoxum. The structures of those compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. Moreover, compounds 1-7 were assessed for inhibitory activity of two enzymes-AChE (acetylcholine esterase) and BChE (butyrylcholine esterase).