• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.943-947
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• 1995

Assume that X is locally compact and Hausdorff. Then, we show that $\alpha X = sup {X \cup_f S(f)$\mid$f \in S^{\alpha}}$ for any compactification $\alpha X$ of X if and only if for any 2-point compatification $\gamma X$ of X with $\gamma X - X = {-\infty, +\infty}$, there exists a clopen subset A of \gamma X$ such that $-\infty \in A$ and $+\infty \notin A$. As a corollary, we obtain that if X is connected and locally connected, then $\alpha X = sup {X \cup_f S(f)$\mid$f \in S^{\alpha}}$ for any compactification $\alpha X$ of X if and only if X is 1-complemented.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1479-1483
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• 2004

Milk protein polymorphisms were genotyped by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) from 109 Maiwa and 100 Jiulong yaks. The relationships between milk protein polymorphisms and 3 milking traits were studied. The results showed that $\beta$-CN, $\kappa$-CN and $\alpha$-La were monomorphic, and ${\alpha}_{s1}$-CN and $\beta$-Lg were polymorphic, with ${\alpha}_{s1}$-CN D and $\beta$-Lg E as dominant genes, respectively. The frequencies of ${\alpha}_{s1}$-CN D were 0.8073 and 0.6000 in two populations and $\beta$-Lg E were 0.9770 and 0.9700. The mean heterozygosities were 0.1021 and 0.1867 in the two populations. No significant effects on milking traits and milk protein compositions were observed except for ${\alpha}_{s1}$-CN locus on fat percentage in Jiulong yak.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.225-236
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• 2004

본 실험에서는 녹용 약침액의 항 골재흡수 속성을 조사하였다. PTH, $1,25(OH)_2D_3$와 IL-1을 각각 골재흡수 인자로 사용하여 생쥐의 두개골에서 osteoblast 세포를 격리, 배양, 그리고 자극시켰을 때 collagenolysis의 증가를 보였다. 두 가지를 동시에 사용한 결과, IL-1은 골재흡수성을 촉진시키고 재 흡수력을 생산하였다. In vitro에서의 세포독성 결과는 $1-200{\mu}g/ml$의 녹용 약침액 농도 분포에서 무세포독성을 보였다. 또한 녹용 약침액은 생쥐의 두개골 골아세포 내에서 PTH (2 unit/ml), IL-$1{\alpha}$ (1 ng/ml), $1,25(OH)_2D_3$ (10 ng/ml), IL-$1{\alpha}$ 및 IL-$1{\beta}$로 인해 유발된 collagenolysis에 대해서 대항하는 보호활동성을 나타내었다. 녹용약침액은 IL-$1{\alpha}$ 와 IL-$1{\beta}$로 인해 유발된 collagenolysis에 대항하는 보호활동성을 지녔다. DAS는 IL-$1{\alpha}$와 IL-$1{\beta}$로 인해 촉진된 골재 흡수력을 억제하는 효과를 보였다. 이와 같은 결과는 녹용약침액이 골다공증과 연관된 질환에 대해서 매우 안정적인 임상적 사용이 가능한 것을 관찰할 수 있으므로 추후 이와 관련한 지속적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료되었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.319-324
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• 1990

Synthesis of $\alpha$-piperidino and $\alpha$-morphelino styryl quinoxalinone 2f, 2g respectively by facile one step method is reported. The Michael adducts (3a-d) obtained by the interaction of 2-styryl-2 (1H) quinoxalinone (2) and ethylacetoacetate have been treated with resorcino and hydroxylamine separately. With resorcinol the chromones (4) are obtained whereas with ydroxylamine isoxazoles (6) are the products. Michael addition of acetylacetone to 2 leads to 3-[1'-aryl-2'-(2'-hydroxy-3'-quinoxalinyl)ethyl]-2, 4-pentanediones (5) which undergo cyclisation with hydroxylamine to give isoxazoles (7). Addition of thiopenol and thioglycolic acid to 2 gives 3-$\alpha$[$\beta$-(phenyl)-$\beta$-(plenylthio)]ethyl-2(1H)-quinoxalinone (8) and 3-$\alpha$-[$\beta$-phenyl)-$\beta$-(hydroxycarbonylmethylithio)]-ethyl-2(1H)-qui noxalinone (9) respectively. 2-Bromomethyl-2(1H)-quinoxalinone (1b) reacts with thioglycolic acid to gives S-[2 (1H)-oxoquionoxaline-3-yl-methyl] mercaptoacetic acid (10) which on cyclisation with acetic anhydride/pyridine affords 1, 2, 5, 6-tetrahydro [1, 4]thiazino[4, 3-a] quinoxaline-1, 6-dione (11).

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.166-179
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• 2000

Background: The main reason for the failure of anti-cancer chemotherapy is the build up of resistance by cancer cells to apoptosis. The activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ in many cancer cell lines is reported to be underlying mechanism behind the build up of resistance of cancer cells to apoptosis. However, this relationship varied depending on the cells used in the experiments. In this study, the role of NF-${\kappa}B$ activation in the TNF-$\alpha$-induced apoptosis in lung cancer cell line was evaluated. Methods: NCI-H157 cells were used in all experiments. Cells were exposed to a high dose of TNF-$\alpha$(20 ng/ml) for 24 or 48 hours with or without blocking NF-${\kappa}B$ activation. TNF-$\alpha$-induced activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ was inhibited either by overexpression of $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$-super repressor($I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$-SR) or by pre-treatment with proteasome inhibitor. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated with MTT assay and Western blot analysis for PARP fragment, respectively. Results: Cell viability of NCI-H157 cells was not affected by TNF-$\alpha$ treatment alone; however, combined treatment with TNF-$\alpha$ and cycloheximide reduced cell viability significantly, indicating that resistance to TNF-$\alpha$ is mediated by the new proteins synthesized after TNF-$\alpha$ stimulation. To evaluate the role of NF-${\kappa}B$ in the transcription of anti-apoptotic proteins. delete NF-${\kappa}B$ activation was inhibited before TNF-$\alpha$ stimulation. as described above. $AD5I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$-SR-transduction inhibited TNF-$\alpha$-induced nuclear translocation of p65. TNF-$\alpha$-induced cell death and apoptosis increased after inhibition of TNF-$\alpha$-induced activation of NF-${\kappa}$ by methods. Conclusion: These results suggest that TNF-$\alpha$-induced activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ may be closely related to the acquisition of the resistance to TNF-$\alpha$-induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells. Therefore. blocking of NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway can be a useful therapeutic modality in the treatment of lung cancer.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.557-564
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• 2012

This study concerns the existence of positive solution for the following nonlinear system $$\{-div(|x|^{-ap}|{\nabla}u|^{p-2}{\nabla}u)=|x|^{-(a+1)p+c_1}({\alpha}_1f(v)+{\beta}_1h(u)),x{\in}{\Omega},\\-div(|x|^{-bq}|{\nabla}v|q^{-2}{\nabla}v)=|x|^{-(b+1)q+c_2}({\alpha}_2g(u)+{\beta}_2k(v)),x{\in}{\Omega},\\u=v=0,x{\in}{\partial}{\Omega}$$, where ${\Omega}$ is a bounded smooth domain of $\mathbb{R}^N$ with $0{\in}{\Omega}$, 1 < $p,q$ < N, $0{{\leq}}a<\frac{N-p}{p}$, $0{{\leq}}b<\frac{N-q}{q}$ and $c_1$, $c_2$, ${\alpha}_1$, ${\alpha}_2$, ${\beta}_1$, ${\beta}_2$ are positive parameters. Here $f,g,h,k$ : $[0,{\infty}){\rightarrow}[0,{\infty})$ are nondecresing continuous functions and $$\lim_{s{\rightarrow}{\infty}}\frac{f(Ag(s)^{\frac{1}{q-1}})}{s^{p-1}}=0$$ for every A > 0. We discuss the existence of positive solution when $f,g,h$ and $k$ satisfy certain additional conditions. We use the method of sub-super solutions to establish our results.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.859-866
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• 1998

In this paper we shall prove weak(or strong) convergence of the iterates ${\chi_n} \;and \;{y_n}$ defined by $\chi-{n+1}= \alpha_nTy_n+(1-\alpha_n)S\chi_n , y_n=\beta_nT\chi_n+(1-\beta_n)\chi_n$ for all n$\geq$1, where $\alpha_n$ and $\beta_n$ satisfy 0$\leq\alpha_n,\beta_n\leq$b<1.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.173-181
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• 2002

This study was conducted to do the comparative analysis of mating type locus controlling the direct formation of fruiting body in Schizophyllum commune which is indigenous to North America with that of other identified mating locus. The 3120 bp Y-region nucleotide of A $\alpha$ 3 mating locus activating a developmental pathway in S. commune was determined, and appeared to have about 96% homology to S. commune 1-71 $A\alpha$3 allele indigenous to South America, showing strongly a conservative feature. This nucleotide analysis also showed above 96% homology highly in the seven presumed exons, and about 97% in the acidic rich region (AR), about 99% in homeodomain (H7), about 97% in the basic rich region (BR), about 95% in the serine rich region (Ser) respectively. In the comparative analysis to the translated polypeptide sequence, S. commune A $\alpha$ 3 mating locus containing Y-region also showed about 97% homology to the region of S. commune indigenous to North America, but the identity ratio to Y1 including Y4, Y5, Y6 different allele types was declined to about 41~49%. In the analysis of functional loci controlling mating activity, it is assumed to have a highly conservative feature showing about 98% homology in homeodomain polypeptide. Especially, it is notable that the homology ratio of above 85% in homeodomain motif between mating type alleles was higher than in the AR, BR, Ser showing about 10~50% homology.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.91-97
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• 1998

In this paper we study the Weyl spectrum of weight $\alpha, \omega_\alpha(T)$, of an operator T acting on an infinite dimensional Hilbert space. Main results are as follows. Firstly, we show that the Weyll spectrum of weight $\alpha$ of a polynomially $\alpha$-compact operator is finite, and that similarity preserves polynomial $\alpha$-compactness and the $\alpha$-Weyl's theorem both. Secondly, we give a sufficient condition for an operator to be the sum of an unitary and a $\alpha$-compact operators.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1-4
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• 1982

By high performance liquid chromatography, separation and quantification of glucoalkaloids $({\alpha}-chaconine$and${\alpha}-solanine)$ from potato (Solanum tuberosum, var. May Queen) was established using periderm and cortex. $Nucleosil-NH_2\;(10{\mu}m)$ was packed in two stainless steel columns ($4.0\;ID{\times}15\;cm$ and $4.0\;ID{\times}25\;cm$) which were connected in sequence and eluted with the mixture of tetrahydrofuran, phosphoric acid buffer and acetonitrile (50 : 25 : 25, v/v/v) at the flow rate of 1ml/min. and the absorbance were read at 208 nm. Retention time was 6.92 min. for ${\alpha}-chaconine$ and 10.96 min. for ${\alpha}-solanine$ with complete separation. This method took 12 min. per sample and seemed best. ${\alpha}-Chaconine$ and ${\alpha}-solanine$ were found much in periderm than in cortex.