• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.137-140
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• 2017

A $TiO_2$ nanofilm was deposited on ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ nanopowders using the atomic layer deposition method. The $TiO_2$ film was prepared at $300^{\circ}C$ using $Ti(N(CH_3)_2)_4$ and $H_2O$ as the precursor and reactant gas, respectively. The thickness and composition of the $TiO_2$ surface were characterized by TEM and EDS measurements. The TEM results showed that the growth rate of the film was about $0.12{\AA}/cycle$. The EDS and SAED analyses showed the presence of titanium oxide on the surface of the ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ nanopowders, confirming the deposition of the $TiO_2$ nanofilm. The Zeta potential and sedimentation test results showed that the dispersibility of the coated nanopowders was higher than that of the uncoated nanopowders. This is attributed to the electrostatic repulsion between the $TiO_2$-coated layers on the surface of the ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ nanopowders. The results revealed that the $TiO_2$-coated layers modified the surface characteristics of the ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ nanopowders and improved their dispersibility.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.631-635
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• 2017

We report facile solution processing of mesoporous hematite (${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$) thin films for high efficiency solar-driven water splitting. $Fe_2O_3$ thin films were prepared on fluorine doped tin oxide(FTO) conducting substrates by spin coating of a precursor solution followed by annealing at $550^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. in air ambient. Specifically, the precursor solution was prepared by dissolving non-toxic $FeCl_3$ as an Fe source in highly versatile dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) as a solvent. The as-deposited and annealed thin films were characterized for their morphological, structural and optical properties using field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The photoelectrochemical performance of the precursor (${\alpha}-FeOOH$) and annealed (${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$) films were characterized and it was found that the ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ film exhibited an increased photocurrent density of ${\sim}0.78mA/cm^2$ at 1.23 V vs. RHE, which is about 3.4 times higher than that of the ${\alpha}-FeOOH$ films ($0.23mA/cm^2$ at 1.23 V vs. RHE). The improved performance can be attributed to the improved crystallinity and porosity of ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ thin films after annealing treatment at higher temperatures. Detailed electrical characterization was further carried out to elucidate the enhanced PEC performance of ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ thin films.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.353-357
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• 2004

The influences of the ozone oxidation, reaction temperature and NaOH equivalent ratio on the iron oxide formation were studied with fixed ferrous sulfate concentration(0.5M $FeSO_4$ㆍ$7H_2$O). Geothite($\alpha$-FeOOH) and/or Magnetite ($Fe_3$$O_4$) were synthesized depending on the reaction conditions. The characteristics of the synthesized powders were evaluated by XRD, SEM and quantitative phase analysis. The synthetic conditions to get Goethite were quite different from the results of Kiyama's and the Goethite was conveniently synthesized at low temperature and at low NaOH equivalent ratio.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2015

Objectives : Fermentation of herbs has been known to be helpful in improving the immune systems and protecting body against disease. The present study was conducted to evaluate anti-inflammatory effects of the fermentation extracts (FE) consisting of soybean, red ginseng andCitrus UnshiuPeel in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated Raw264.7 cells.Methods : FE were prepared by the fermentation withBacillus Subtilisand then by extraction with ethanol (95%; prepared by the fermentation process). Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Nitric oxide (NO) production was measured in culture media by Griess assay. The expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and inhibitory kappa B alpha (IκBα) was determined by Western blot.Results : LPS-induced production of NO and PGE₂was dose-dependently decreased by the treatment of FE in Raw264.7 cells. These suppressive effects of FE on NO and PGE₂production were related to the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. FE inhibited LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1βin a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, FE inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway through the prevention of LPS-induced degradation of IκBαin cytosol and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB.Conclusions : These findings suggest that FE could have anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.755-759
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• 2000

RF magnetron sputtering법으로 초미세결정 Fe-Sm-O계의 박막을 상온에서 제작하여 산소분압에 따른 포화자화, 보자력, 고주파에서의 투자율(100MHz)을 조사하였다. 최적조건인 5%의 산소분압에서 제조한 초미세결정 Fe(sub)83.4Sm(sub)3.4O(sub)13.2박막은 포화자속밀도 18kG, 보자력 0.82 Oe, 실효투자율 (0.5~100MHz) 2,600 이상의 우수한 연자성을 나타내었다. 산소분압이 증가함에 따라 $\alpha$-Fe 결정립의 크기가 감소하여 10%이상의 산소분압에서는 FeO가 생성되어 연자기적 성질이 열화되었다. Fe-Sm-O계 박막의 전기비저항은 산소분압이 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며 우수한 연자기적 성질을 가지는 Fe(sub)83.4Sm(sub)3.4O(sub)13.2박막의 경우, 전기비저항은 130 $\mu$$\Omega$cm이었다. 따라서 미세하게 형성된 $\alpha$-Fe 결정립과 높은 전기비저항 때문에 초미세결정 Fe(sub)83.4Sm(sub)3.4O(sub)13.2박막이 고주파에서 우수한 연자기적 성질을 가지는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.16-19
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• 2018

Comprehensive utilization of zinc smelting iron slag not only solves environmental problems but also creates huge economic benefits. This study was conducted on the enrichment and recovery of ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ from zinc smelting iron slag by superconducting HGMS technology. Several variables such as slurry flow velocity, slag concentration, magnetic field intensity and the amount of dispersing agent were tested in magnetic separation. In the experiments, obtained optimal magnetic separation parameters were 1.60 T of magnetic flux intensity, 600 mL/min of slurry flow velocity of, 15 g/L of slag concentration of, 0.10 g/L of dispersing agent. Under this condition, the content of ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ was increased from 86.22% to 94.39% that can approach the Chinese national standard requirements (A level) of iron oxide red. It was concluded that using superconducting HGMS technology was an effective method for the purification of ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ from zinc smelting iron slag.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.135-139
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• 2014

물리적 기상합성법인 전기선폭발법을 이용하여 챔버내 산소분압을 바꾸면서 철산화물을 제조하였다. 제조된 철산화물은 산소 분압에 따라 $Fe_2O_3$ 및 $Fe_3O_4$상으로 제조되었다. 산소분압이 30 %인 경우 ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$와 ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$와 같이 $Fe^{3+}$의 형성이 용이함을 확인 하였다. 산소 분압을 15 %로 줄이면 $Fe_3O_4$가 형성되어 $Fe^{2+}$ 이온을 확인할 수 있었다. 뫼스바우어분광분석을 활용하여 ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$와 $Fe_3O_4$상 분석을 수행하였다. 13 K에서 295 K까지의 뫼스바우어 스펙트럼으로부터 자기정렬구조가 사라진 면적비로부터 약 12 % 정도의 ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$상이 초상자성 특성을 보임을 확인하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.39-43
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• 2001

Nanocrystalline Fe-Sm-O thin films were prepared by RF magnetron reactive sputtering method in $Ar+O_2$mixed atmosphere with the $O_2$content of 5%. The compositions of the thin films were changed by changing the number of $Sm_2O_3$ chips. The best soft magnetic properties of the thin film with the composition of $Fe_{83.4}Sm_{3.4}O_{13.2}$ were saturation flux density of 18 kG, coercivity of 0.82 Oe and effective permeability about 2,600 at 0.5~100 MHz, respectively. The electrical resistivity of Fe-Sm-O thin films was increased with increasing the amount of Sm and O elements which combined each other, the electrical resistivity of$Fe_{83.4}Sm_{3.4}O_{13.2}$ thin film was $130{\mu}{\Omega}cm$. In case of the small amount of Sm and O elements, the microstructures of Fe-Sm-O thin films showed a precipitated phase of $Sm_2O_3$ on the ${\alpha}-Fe$ phase. With the increase of the amount of Sm and O elements, the microstructures of the Fe- Sm-O thin films were changed into a mixed structure of ${\alpha}-Fe$ crystal-phase and Sm-oxide amorphous phase. The Fe-Sm-O thin films with Fe content in the range of 72~94 at% exhibited the quality factor (Q = $\mu$′/$\mu$") of 7~75 up to 50 MHz.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2017

In this study, we report the microstructure and the high-temperature oxidation behavior of Fe-Ni alloys by spark plasma sintering. Structural characterization is performed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The oxidation behavior of Fe-Ni alloys is studied by means of a high-temperature oxidation test at $1000^{\circ}C$ in air. The effect of Ni content of Fe-Ni alloys on the microstructure and on the oxidation characteristics is investigated in detail. In the case of Fe-2Ni and Fe-5Ni alloys, the microstructure is a ferrite (${\alpha}$) phase with body centered cubic (BCC) structure, and the microstructure of Fe-10Ni and Fe-20Ni alloys is considered to be a massive martensite (${\alpha}^{\prime}$) phase with the same BCC structure as that of the ferrite phase. As the Ni content increases, the micro-Vickers hardness of the alloys also increases. It can also be seen that the oxidation resistance is improved by decreasing the thickness of the oxide film.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.134-138
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• 2012

Recently the preparation magnetic nanoparticles by a pulsed laser ablation in liquid has gained much attention because it is easy to control experimental parameters. Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles have been prepared by a pulsed laser ablation of ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ target in ethanol at different magnitude of laser energy of 1, 20, 40 and 80 mJ/pulse. It revealed that particle size increases with increasing laser energy. It could be concluded that 40 mJ/pulse is an optimum laser energy for the preparation of iron oxide nanoparticles with uniform size distribution. The nanoparticles are homogeneously dispersed in ethanol and their stability maintained for several months.