• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.162-166
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• 2020

저장 중 죽류의 이화학적 품질 변화는 90일이 경과되면서 초기 값에 비해 색도는 잣죽의 L값이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 반면 a와 b는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 북어죽, 콩죽과 닭죽의 L값은 큰 변화가 없었으며, a, b값은 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 버섯죽은 L, a, b값이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 저장 기간 중 북어죽, 버섯죽, 닭죽, 콩죽의 ΔE값은 큰 변화가 없었으며, 잣죽의 경우 30일이 경과되면서부터 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 조직감의 변화는 gumminess, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, hardness가 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 점도와 밀접한 관계가 있는 adhesiveness의 경우 북어죽, 닭죽, 잣죽, 콩죽, 버섯죽의 순으로 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 초기 아밀로오스 함량은 북어죽 28.73%, 닭죽 26.23%, 버섯죽 24.98%, 콩죽 22.87%, 잣죽 22.38%의 순으로 아밀로오스를 함유하고 있었으며, 저장 90일째에도 아밀로오스 함량에는 북어죽, 닭죽, 버섯죽, 콩죽, 잣죽의 순으로 나타났다. 전당의 함량은 잣죽, 콩죽, 버섯죽, 닭죽과 북어죽이 각각 36.48, 36.33, 36.24, 35.28, 34.82%로 나타났으며, 저장기간 90일 이후의 전당의 함량은 버섯죽, 콩죽, 잣죽, 닭죽, 북어죽의 순으로 나타났고, 북어죽을 제외한 죽의 전당의 범위는 31.62-33.54%로 나타났다. 또한 5가지 죽 모두 포화지방산은 증가한 반면 불포화지방산은 감소하였다. 이와 같이 죽류의 저장 중 이화학적 품질은 저장 30일까지 큰 변화 없이 완만히 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이렇듯 HMR 식품으로서 가치가 있는 죽의 저장성을 증가시킴으로써 서양식 위주로 발전하고 있는 HMR 시장에 한식을 널리 보급하는데 도움이 될 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1836-1843
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• 2019

Objective: Social genetic effects (SGE) are an important genetic component for growth, group productivity, and welfare in pigs. The present study was conducted to evaluate i) the feasibility of the single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (ssGBLUP) approach with the inclusion of SGE in the model in pigs, and ii) the changes in the contribution of heritable SGE to the phenotypic variance with different scaling ${\omega}$ constants for genomic relationships. Methods: The dataset included performance tested growth rate records (average daily gain) from 13,166 and 21,762 pigs Landrace (LR) and Yorkshire (YS), respectively. A total of 1,041 (LR) and 964 (YS) pigs were genotyped using the Illumina PorcineSNP60 v2 BeadChip panel. With the BLUPF90 software package, genetic parameters were estimated using a modified animal model for competitive traits. Giving a fixed weight to pedigree relationships (${\tau}:1$), several weights (${\omega}_{xx}$, 0.1 to 1.0; with a 0.1 interval) were scaled with the genomic relationship for best model fit with Akaike information criterion (AIC). Results: The genetic variances and total heritability estimates ($T^2$) were mostly higher with ssGBLUP than in the pedigree-based analysis. The model AIC value increased with any level of ${\omega}$ other than 0.6 and 0.5 in LR and YS, respectively, indicating the worse fit of those models. The theoretical accuracies of direct and social breeding value were increased by decreasing ${\omega}$ in both breeds, indicating the better accuracy of ${\omega}_{0.1}$ models. Therefore, the optimal values of ${\omega}$ to minimize AIC and to increase theoretical accuracy were 0.6 in LR and 0.5 in YS. Conclusion: In conclusion, single-step ssGBLUP model fitting SGE showed significant improvement in accuracy compared with the pedigree-based analysis method; therefore, it could be implemented in a pig population for genomic selection based on SGE, especially in South Korean populations, with appropriate further adjustment of tuning parameters for relationship matrices.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.158-166
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• 2013

Objectives Recently, Sasang Constitutional Analysis Tool (SCAT) was developed using face, body shape, questionnaire, and voice information. The purpose of this paper is to analysis the characteristics of SCAT in detail for the subjects whose Sasang Constitutional (SC) type was confirmed clearly. Methods 1) The SC types of 108 patients were diagnosed by an expert of Sasang constitutional medicine through the observation of improvements after taking more than 20 packs of herbal medicine prescribed 2) The diagnostic results of SCAT were acquired for the patients. 3) Comparison between diagnostic results of the SCAT and expert was performed according to SC probability difference, the number of packs of herbal medicine prescribed, the number of hospital visits, and age. Results 1) The concordance rate was 65.9% and 59.4% in the male and female groups, respectively. 2) Overall, the concordance rate increased as the SC probability difference increased. In case of more than 5% SC probability difference, it increased up to 71.0% and 66.7% in the male and female groups, respectively. 3) The concordance rate did not show any trend as the number of packs of herbal medicine prescribed and the number of hospital visits increased. 4) The higher concordance rate was observed in Taeeumin, Soyangin, and 20s ~ 40s groups of male patients, and in Soyangin, 20s, and 40s groups of female patients. Conclusions The strong and weak points of SCAT were observed and they will contribute to the improvement of SCAT performance.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality-based characteristics of Prunus mume fruit syrup, which is manufactured with various sugared sweeteners for suggestion of suitable alternative sweetener. Sweetener such as sucrose (MHP1), crystalline fructose (MHP2) and liquid fructo-oligosaccharide (MHP3) are used to manufacture Prunus mume fruit syrup. The sugar content of MHP1, MHP2 and MHP3 showed 53, 54 and $36^{\circ}Brix$, respectively. The total organic acid content of MHP1, MHP2 and MHP3 was 2.22, 3.07 and 3.71%. The total free sugar content of MHP1, MHP2 and MHP3 was 54.39, 47.52% and 31.62%, respectively. The appearance of MHP1 and MHP2 remained unchanged for the entire period but MHP3 had molded since the first week. This was as a result of the low total free sugar content in MHP3 sugared with liquid fructo-oligosaccharide compared to MHP1 and MHP2 sugared with solid sucrose and fructose. The sensory characteristics of MHP2 manufactured with crystalline fructose indicated an above average quality, indicating that it is difficult to manufacture Prunus mume fruit syrup using liquid sugar. It is suggested that crystalline fructose characterized solid form and lower glycemic index than sucrose be useful to manufacture Prunus mume fruit syrup as alternative sweetener.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.145-166
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• 2021

지난 40여 년간 국내에서 수압파쇄법 및 오버코어링법을 이용하여 실제로 측정된 전국 1,400여개의 현지응력 실측자료를 통합하여 데이터베이스를 구축하고, 세계응력지도 프로젝트에서 제안한 가이드라인에 따라 한국응력지도 2020을 제작하였다. 이와 함께 세부 자료로 전국 각 지역별 현지응력 측압계수와 최대수평응력 방향 분포도를 제시하였다. 한반도 전역에서의 최대수평응력 방향은 북동에서 남동 방향으로 나타났고, 현지응력의 크기도 비교적 분산폭이 넓은 분포양상을 보였다. 이는 천부 심도에서 개별 측정 지역의 지형이나 암질 등과 같은 국지적 특성을 크게 반영한 것으로 보이며, 산악지형, 파쇄대의 암질변화, 광산 채굴과 지하공동의 유무, 단층대 지질구조 등이 암반 응력에 영향을 미친 사례들에 대해 조사해 보았다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.158-166
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: Kiwifruit is a fruit tree with relatively small cultivation area in Korea and researches on its soil and physiology are very limited compared to those on cultivar development. Therefore, there are limited information for farmers to cope with the reduction in productivity due to various physiological disorders and premature aging. This study was conducted to investigate the soil and leaf chemical properties, and fruit characteristics, which will be used as basic data for stable kiwifruit orchard soil management. METHODS AND RESULTS: The soil and leaf chemical properties, and fruit characteristics were investigated for two years in 16 kiwifruit orchards growing 'Hayward' (Actinidia deliciosa) in Jeollanam-do and Gyeongsangnam-do. Soil and leaf samples were collected in July and fruit quality was investigated by harvesting fruits about 170 days after full bloom. The average soil chemical properties of kiwi orchards were generally higher than the recommended level, except for pH, and especially, the exchangeable potassium reached about 300% of the recommended level. The proportions of orchards that exceeded the recommended level of soil chemical properties were 63, 31, 100, 69, 94, 88 and 69% for pH, EC, organic content, available phosphate, and exchangeable potassium, calcium and magnesium, respectively. Thirty-three percent of orchards had more than 100 mg/kg of nitrate nitrogen in soil. Available phosphate in soil showed a significantly positive correlation with leaf nitrogen, phosphoric acid and calcium content, but showed a significantly negative correlation with leaf potassium content. The magnesium content in the leaves was significantly correlated with soil pH. The highest fruit weight was observed in about 25 g/kg of leaf nitrogen content which could be attained when plants were grown on the soil containing about 100 mg/kg of nitrate nitrogen content. The average soluble solids content among 16 orchards was 9.58 °Brix at harvest and 13.9 °Brix after ripening, which increased about 45%, and the average fruit weight was about 110 g. CONCLUSION(S): For fruit quality, fruit soluble solids (sugar compounds) content was significantly correlated with leaf potassium content, fruit hardiness with leaf total nitrate, calcium and magnesium, and fruit titratable acidity with leaf magnesium; however, leaf calcium and magnesium negatively affect the soluble solids contents in fruits.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2022

Background: A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model was adopted in the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH, EU) regulations as well as the Act on Registration, Evaluation, etc. of Chemicals (AREC, Republic of Korea). It has been previously used in the registration of chemicals. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the correlation between the predicted data provided by three prediction programs using a QSAR model and actual experimental results (acute fish, daphnia magna toxicity). Through this approach, we aimed to effectively conjecture on the performance and determine the most applicable programs when designating toxic substances through the AREC. Methods: Chemicals that had been registered and evaluated in the Toxic Chemicals Control Act (TCCA, Republic of Korea) were selected for this study. Two prediction programs developed and operated by the U.S. EPA - the Ecological Structure-Activity Relationship (ECOSAR) and Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (T.E.S.T.) models - were utilized along with the TOPKAT (Toxicity Prediction by Komputer Assisted Technology) commercial program. The applicability of these three programs was evaluated according to three parameters: accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Results: The prediction analysis on fish and daphnia magna in the three programs showed that the TOPKAT program had better sensitivity than the others. Conclusions: Although the predictive performance of the TOPKAT program when using a single predictive program was found to perform well in toxic substance designation, using a single program involves many restrictions. It is necessary to validate the reliability of predictions by utilizing multiple methods when applying the prediction program to the regulation of chemicals.

• 한국철학논집
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• 제27호
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• pp.145-166
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• 2009

본 논문은 조선 순조 대 산림(山林)인 노주 오희상의 차자(次子)인 경재(褧齋) 오치익(吳致翼)의 경학관(經學觀)에 대해 고찰한 것이다. 경재 경학관의 특징을 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 경재는 부친 노주와는 달리 성리설 보다는 고증학(考證學)에 관심을 두었다. 이에 경재는 『만록(漫錄)』과 『문집』에서 『시경』 『서경』 『주역』 『주례』 『예기』 『춘추』 등 제 경서의 성립 및 의문점에 대한 상세하고 해박한 고증학적 견해를 서술하고 있다. 둘째, 개방성을 들 수 있다. 경재는 『주역』을 신성시하지 않았다. 또한 당시까지만 해도 절대적인 권위로 군림하고 있던 정자(程子)의 『역전(易傳)』과 주자(朱子)의 『본의(本義)』만이 유일무이(唯一無二)의 해석이 아니라 보는 이의 각도에 따라서 얼마든지 다른 견해가 가능하며 또 그런 태도가 바람직한 태도임을 주장하고 있다. 이에서 경재의 주자학적(朱子學的) 세계관(世界觀)을 초탈한 일면을 볼 수 있다. 셋째, 한 대(漢代) 학설에 비중을 두었다. 이에 『논어』의 인명에 대한 견해에서도 경재는 당시까지 권위의 상징이던 주자설 보다도 오히려 유흠설(劉歆說)에 더 기울어지는 것을 감지(感知)할 수 있다. 넷째, 당시 조선시대 유학자들과 다르게 『공양전』과 『곡량전』에도 관심을 보이고 있다. 이에 『공양전』과 『곡량전』에서 문장이 아름다운 것을 선택하여 『공곡문선(公穀文選)』을 편찬하였다. 다섯째, 상수역학(象數易學)에 관심을 두고 있다는 것이다. 경재는 역(易)은 의리가 주가 아니라 상수와 점(占)임을 명확히 파악하고 있었다. 이에 『상점유회(象占類會)』를 편찬하였다. 이밖에 『주례』에 관심을 두기도 했다.

• Composites Research
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.162-166
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• 2023

복합재료는 일반적인 고강도 구조체에 활용성이 증가하고 있지만 최신의 복합적인 전자기기 내부 소자 등과 같은 multifunctional 재료들의 성능 특성 요구가 증가하고 있다. 기기의 방열 특성의 경우 대표적으로 요구되는 물성인 반면 복합재료의 경우 적층 공정으로 인해 수직 방향의 열적 특성 제어는 해결해야 될 문제 중 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 vacuum filtration 방법을 이용하여 Carbon fiber reinforced polymer를 제작하였다. 복합재료 제작 공정에서는 섬유들의 분산에 활용성이 가장 뛰어난 세 가지 solvent들을 사용하여 solvent의 영향을 살펴보았다. 또한 세가지의 aspect ratio를 가지는 단섬유 carbon fiber들의 수직 방향의 배열성을 확인하기 위해 현미경을 통한 morphology를 관찰하였고 제작된 시편의 열전도도 측정을 통해 배열성을 검토하였다. 시편의 열전도도 측정 결과 단섬유 carbon fiber의 aspect ratio가 낮을수록 높은 열전도도를 보였으며 through-plane 방향의 열전도도는 DMF, NMP, Acetone 순으로 각각 8.69 W/m·K, 10.32 W/m·K, 13.01 W/m·K의 증가되는 값을 보였다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.114-114
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• 2022

There are 28 families and 166 species of exotic weeds on agricultural land and among these, 23 families and 80 species of exotic weeds occur on pastures. Among them, the Solidago altissima is a perennial weed belonging to the asteraceae family and it is an exotic weed that spreads to the surrounding area using methods such as high seed production, vegetative propagation using underground rhizomes and allelochemical. Accordingly, in 2009, the Ministry of Environment designated it as an ecosystem-disrupting species. This study was conducted to obtain basic data about the effects of S.altissima derived allelochemicals on forage crops. The root of S.altissima was separated, dried in the shade and then pulverized to prepare an root powder. Powder was repeatedly extracted with methanol for 3 days and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain an root methanol extract. Dissolve the extract in distilled water, dispense it in a separate-funnel and proceed with liquid-liquid extraction by adding equal amounts of n-haxane (Hex), chloroform (CHCI₃), ethyl acetate (EtoAC), and butanol (BuOH) in order of increasing polarity. A seed-bioassay was performed using fractions for each solvent, followed by separation and purification by silica gel column chromatography. As a result of the fraction germination test for each solvent, the IC₅₀ values using the fresh weight of each fraction were 898.3 mg L^-1, 676.3 mg L^-1, 1160 mg L^-1 and 1360 mg L^-1. CA, CB, and CC fractions were obtained through primary silica gel column chromatography that used CHCI₃ fraction. As a result of seed-bioassay using each fraction, the IC₅₀ values for the fresh weight of each fraction was 537.3 mg L^-1, 1280 mg L^-1 and 1947 mg L^-1. Based on this, 5 fractions were obtained as a result of secondary silica gel column chromatography using the CA fraction. A seed-bioassay was performed, as a result, the lowest IC₅₀ value was calculated as 226.7 mg L^-1 in the CAE fraction. Based on this, the fraction was analyzed by GC-MS. The results of this study can be used as basic research data on the effects of weeds on forage crops and allelochemicals secreted from S. altissima.