• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2006

The tea looper caterpillar, Ectropis obliqua, is one of the major pests of tea bushes. E. obliqua single-nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (EcobSNPV) has been used as a commercial pesticide for biocontrol of this insect. However only limited genetic analysis for this important virus has been done up to now. EcobSNPV was characterized in this study. Electron microscopy analysis of the occlusion body showed polyhedra of 0.7 to $1.7\;{\mu}m$ in diameter containing a single nucleocapsid per envelope of the virion. A 15.5 kb genomic fragment containing EcoRI-L, EcoRI-N and HindIII-F fragments, was sequenced. Analysis of the sequence revealed that the fragment contained eleven potential open reading frames (ORFs): lef-1, egt, 38.7k, rrl, polyhedrin, orfl629, pk-1, hoar and homologues to Spodoptera exigua multicapsid NPV (SeMNPV) ORFs 15, 28, and 29. Gene arrangement and phylogeny analysis suggest that EcobSNPV is closely related to the previously described Group II NPV. Bioassays on lethal concentration $(LC_{50}\;and\;LC_{90})$ and lethal time $(LT_{50}\;and\;LT({90})$ were conducted to test the susceptibility of E. obliqua larvae to the virus.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2017년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.1073-1074
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• 2017

In this paper, we present a customer preference analysis system using the Bluetooth Low Energy technology. Compared to Classic Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy provides considerably reduced power consumption, and cost, as well as some unique characteristics while maintaining a similar communication range. The customer preference analysis system collects nearby Bluetooth Low Energy devices using an Android mobile device via Bluetooth Low Energy. In addition, the system is capable of suggesting, and advertising products that are related to these Bluetooth Low Energy devices based on the name of their manufacturer. This feature aims to attract potential customers to purchase these products.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.1445-1454
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• 2014

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), a disease that spread widely in the world during late 2002 to 2004, severely threatened public health. Although there have been no reported infections since 2004, the extremely pathogenic SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), as the causative agent of SARS, has recently been identified in animals, showing the potential for the re-emergence of this disease. Previous studies showed that 27 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutations among the spike (S) gene of this virus are correlated closely with the SARS pathogenicity and epidemicity. We have developed a SNP DNA microarray in order to detect and genotype these SNPs, and to obtain related information on the pathogenicity and epidemicity of a given strain. The microarray was hybridized with PCR products amplified from cDNAs obtained from different SARS-CoV strains. We were able to detect 24 SNPs and determine the type of a given strain. The hybridization profile showed that 19 samples were detected and genotyped correctly by using our microarray, with 100% accuracy. Our microarray provides a novel method for the detection and epidemiological surveillance of SARS-CoV.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

The possibility of applying birchwood xylan in papermaking process to improve dry strength of paper was investigated. Unmodified xylan barely adsorbed onto pulp fibers while cationically modified xylan adsorbed substantially. Adsorption of cationically modified xylan by quaternarization with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropy trimethylammonium chloride improved dry strength of paper. Chemical structure and degree of substitution of the cationically modified xylan was determined by 400 MHz 13CNMR spectroscopy and elemental analyzer. The amount of adsorbed xylan on cellulose fibers was greater when the cationicity was moderate, and it was interpreted that the conformation of this cationic xylan adsorbed on fiber surface was more favorable for greater adsorption due to its greater loop formation tendency while highly cationic xylan tends to adsorbed in stretched conformation. The physical properties of handsheets increased as the amount of adsorbed cationic xylan increased. On the other hands, the optical properties decreased with xylan adsorption.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.232-236
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• 2014

Acanthopanax divaricatus var. albeofructus (ADA) is commonly ingested as a traditional medicine or as a component of a health drink in Korea. In this phytochemical study, nine phenolics (1 - 9) and three lignans (10 - 12) were isolated from the MeOH extract of the stems of ADA. Chemical structures were elucidated by comparing spectroscopic data with reported values. Nuclear factor kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$) inhibitory activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated using an $NF-{\kappa}B$ luciferase assay in HepG2 cells. Among them, compounds 1, 3 - 8, and 11 showed significant inhibitory effects on $TNF{\alpha}$-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ transcriptional activity in a dosedependent manner, with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from 13.25 to $37.36{\mu}M$. Further studies on potential anti-inflammatory effects and the benefits of phenolic and lignan components from ADA are warranted.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.176-181
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• 2014

The antioxidant activities of 29 components isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia iwayomogi were evaluated in vitro and in cell culture. Among the tested compounds, 2, 6, 8, 10, 13, and 14 exhibited the greatest peroxyl radical-scavenging activities in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, and 2, 10, and 14 also showed significant reducing capacities. However, all compounds showed weak metal chelating activities. Their cellular antioxidant activities were evaluated in HepG2 cells. At $10{\mu}M$, compounds 6, 8, and 14 exhibited stronger protection against 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidative stress than compounds 2, 10, and 13. Moreover, Compounds 2 and 8 were more effective in protecting against $Cu^{2+}$-induced oxidative stress than compounds 6, 10, 13, and 14 at $10{\mu}M$. These results suggest that the phenolic compounds in A. iwayomogi have the potential to be developed as natural antioxidants for the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.525-533
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• 2015

MS Office suit software is the most widely used electronic documents by a large number of users in the world, which has absolute predominance in office software market. MS Office 2007-2013 documents, which use new office open extensible markup language (OOXML) format, could be illegally used as cover mediums to transmit secret information by offenders, because they do not easily arouse others suspicion. This paper proposes nine forensic methods and an integrated forensic tool for OOXML format documents on the basis of researching the potential information hiding methods. The proposed forensic methods and tool cover three categories; document structure, document content, and document format. The aim is to prevent covert communication and provide security detection technology for electronic documents downloaded by users. The proposed methods can prevent the damage of secret information embedded by offenders. Extensive experiments based on real data set demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.31-52
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• 2016

The paper first reviews the theory of active tendon control with decentralized Integral Force Feedback (IFF) and collocated displacement actuator and force sensor; a formal proof of the formula giving the maximum achievable damping is provided for the first time. Next, the potential of the control strategy for the control of suspension bridges with active stay cables is evaluated on a numerical model of an existing footbridge; several configurations are investigated where the active cables connect the pylon to the deck or the deck to the catenary. The analysis confirms that it is possible to provide a set of targeted modes with a considerable amount of damping, reaching ${\xi}=15%$. Finally, the control strategy is demonstrated experimentally on a laboratory mock-up equipped with four control stay cables equipped with piezoelectric actuators. The experimental results confirm the excellent performance and robustness of the control system and the very good agreement with the predictions.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제3권2_3호
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• pp.103-122
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• 2006

Drying shrinkage of concrete occurs due to the loss of moisture and thus, it is controlled by moisture diffusion process. On the other hand, the shrinkage causes cracking of concrete and affects its moisture diffusion properties. Therefore, moisture diffusion and drying shrinkage are two coupled processes and their interactive effect is important for the durability of concrete structures. In this paper, the two material parameters in the moisture diffusion equation, i.e., the moisture capacity and humidity diffusivity, are modified by two different methods to include the effect of drying shrinkage on the moisture diffusion. The effect of drying shrinkage on the humidity diffusivity is introduced by the scalar damage parameter. The effect of drying shrinkage on the moisture capacity is evaluated by an analytical model based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics and minimum potential energy principle for a two-phase composite. The mechanical part of drying shrinkage is modeled as an elastoplastic damage problem. The coupled problem of moisture diffusion and drying shrinkage is solved using a finite element method. The present model can predict that the drying shrinkage accelerates the moisture diffusion in concrete, and in turn, the accelerated drying process increases the shrinkage strain. The coupling effects are demonstrated by a numerical example.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.201-222
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• 2013

A comprehensive simulation model for the transport process of fully coupled moisture and multi-species in non-saturated concrete structures is proposed. The governing equations of moisture and ion diffusion are formulated based on Fick's law and the Nernst-Planck equation, respectively. The governing equations are modified by explicitly including the coupling terms corresponding to the coupled mechanisms. The ionic interaction-induced electrostatic potential is described by electroneutrality condition. The model takes into account the two-way coupled effect of moisture diffusion and ion transport in concrete. The coupling parameters are evaluated based on the available experimental data and incorporated in the governing equations. Differing from previous researches, the material parameters related to moisture diffusion and ion transport in concrete are considered not to be constant numbers and characterized by the material models that account for the concrete mix design parameters and age of concrete. Then, the material models are included in the numerical analysis and the governing equations are solved by using finite element method. The numerical results obtained from the present model agree very well with available test data. Thus, the model can predict satisfactorily the ingress of deicing salts into non-saturated concrete.