• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.266-270
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• 2002

Inbred lines of Chinese cabbage KU-101 (resistant line against Plasmodiophora brassicae race race 6) and CS-113 (susceptible line) were crossed and their progeny lines F$_1$, BC$_1$F$_1$, F$_2$, and F$_3$ were produced for the construction of the genetic linkage map of R brassicae race 6-resistant Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis genome. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was applied to compare between parents and their f$_2$ progenies with a total of 192 probes and 5 restriction enzymes. The constructed RFLP map covered 1,104 cM with a mean distance between genetic marker of 8.0 cM, and produced 10 linkage groups having 121 genetic loci. The loci of P. brassicae race 6 (CR6)-resistant Brassica genome were determined by interval mapping of quan-titative trait loci (QTL), which resulted from bioassay using the same race of the fungi in P3 population. Resistant loci were estimated in numbers 1 (Gl) and 3 (G3) linkage groups. In the regression test, Gl had a value of4.8 logarithm of odd (LOD) score, while C3 had values of 4.2-7.2. Given these results, the location of the CR6-resistant loci within the Brassica genome map can now be addressed.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.132-136
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• 2016

Radiolysis is the process of decreasing in Radio-Chemical Purity (RCP) of [$^{18}F$]FDG by direct effect and indirect effect of self Radio-activity. The objective of our study was to figure out the ideal conditions which minimize damages of quality of [$^{18}F$]FDG using radical scavenger and controlling temperature of storage.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1991.06a
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• pp.18-21
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• 1991

청록색 영역에서 발진하는 XeF(C$\longrightarrow$A)엑사이머 레이저 여기용 2.56MeV 전자빔 가속기를 개발하였다. 대출력 전자빔 가속기는 $\pm$80kV로 충전하는 Marx Generator를 동축구조로 꾸밈으로서 낮은 임퍼던스와 인덕턴스를 유지할 수 있었고, 빠른 전압상승과 유사구형파 출력을 얻을 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 대출력 전자빔가속기 (2.56 MeV, 2.2KJ)의 파라메터와 동작특성, 전압측정 등을 기술한다.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.289-294
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• 2010

For the aim of low-temperature co-fired ceramic microwave components, sintering behavior and microwave properties (dielectric constant ${\varepsilon}_r$, quality factor Q, and temperature coefficient of resonant frequency ${\tau}_f$) are investigated in $Bi_{18}O(Ca_{0.725}Zn_{0.275})_8Nb_{12}O_{65}$ [BCZN] ceramics with addition of $V_2O_5$. The specimens are prepared by conventional ceramic processing technique. As the main result, it is demonstrated that the additives ($V_2O_5$) show the effect of lowering of sintering temperature and improvement of microwave properties at the optimum additive content. The addition of 0.25 wt% $V_2O_5$ lowers the sintering temperature to $890^{\circ}C$ utilizing liquidphase sintering and show the microwave dielectric properties (dielectric constant ${\varepsilon}_r$ = 75, quality factor $Q{\times}f$ = 572 GHz, temperature coefficient of resonance frequency ${\tau}_f\;=\;-10\;ppm/^{\circ}C$). The estimated microwave dielectric properties with $V_2O_5$ addition (increase of ${\varepsilon}_r$, decrease of $Q{\times}f$, shift of ${\tau}_f$ to negative values) can be explained by the observed microstrucure (sintered density, abnormal grain structure) and possibly high-permittivity $Bi_{18}Zn_8Nb_{12}O_{65}$ (BZN) phase determined by X-ray diffraction.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2016

Alkali metal fluoride sources (MFs) such as potassium fluoride (KF) have been widely used as a fluoride source in the nucleophilic displacement reaction. However, they have low solubility and nucleophilicity in most of the organic solvents. Bulky fluoride sources such as tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) were substituted for MFs to improve these properties. However, hygroscopic property of TBAF makes it less convenient for handling as well as its strong basic property can make the side-reaction occur. Recently, novel fluoride sources have been developed to solve these problems. In this paper, we would like to introduce coordinated fluoride sources as a new fluoride sources such as tetrabutylammonium tetra(t-butyl alcohol)-coordinated fluoride, crown ether metal complex fluoride, and various bulky alcohols coordinated fluoride complexes. In particular, bulky alcohol coordinated fluoride source could generated by the controlled hydrogen-bonded of fluoride with alcohols and these fluoride sources have better stability and reactivity with showing low hygroscopic property. The study of these fluoride sources will help to understand the characteristic of [$^{18}F$]fluoride for increasing the radiochemical yield in the [$^{18}F$]radiofluorination.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.313-316
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• 2011

[$^{18}F$]FDG (2-[$^{18}F$] Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-Glucose), which is required Automated Synthetic Module for production, is most often used Radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine. In this study, an Automated Synthesis Module was developed to produce FDG in two consecutive time when F-18 feds continuously by modifying a domestic FDG Automated Synthetic Module on structural geometry and control system. The results were showed that the Average Synthesis Yields on the developed Automated Synthetic Module were $45{\pm}3%$ (n=20), $50{\pm}3%$ (n=20) respectively. The Quality Control results, such as Radio TLC, Radiochemical purity, Gamma-counter, pH, LAL Test, Micro bacteria test, showed in same level with domestic [$^{18}F$]FDG Auto-Synthetic modules. Therefore, if some features were improved by considering the components life time and appearance, commercial sales can be expected because of low price and easy maintenance compared with foreign products.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.467-474
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• 2017

To investigate the intra-rater absolute reliabilities and validity of the Figure of-Eight Walk test (F8WT) in patients with chronic stroke. A total of 36 subjects with chronic stroke participated in this study. The inter-rater reliability of F8WT was calculated using intra-class correlation coefficients($ICC_{2,1}$). Moreover, we used the standard error measurement (SEM) and the small real difference (SRD) to examine the absolute reliability indices. The validity was demonstrated by a spearman correlation of F8WT with Postural Assessment Scale for Storke(PASS) and Trunk Impairment Scale(TIS). The inter-rater reliability of F8WT was excellent; ICC2,1=0.95(0.91~0.97), acceptable SEM=1.02, and SRD=2.82. F8WT were also found to be significantly associated with PASS(r=-0.82) and TIS(r=-0.85). Therefore, F8WT is a reliable measurement tool and is correlated well with stroke-impairments, such as postural and trunk control. F8WT will be a useful tool in evaluating the walking performance of subjects with chronic stroke.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.243-256
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• 2024

Objective: We aimed to investigate whether 2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (2-[¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT) can aid in evaluating the risk of malignancy in ampullary tumors detected by endoscopy. Materials and Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study analyzed 155 patients (79 male, 76 female; mean age, 65.7 ± 12.7 years) receiving 2-[¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT for endoscopy-detected ampullary tumors 5-87 days (median, 7 days) after the diagnostic endoscopy between June 2007 and December 2020. The final diagnosis was made based on histopathological findings. The PET imaging parameters were compared with clinical data and endoscopic features. A model to predict the risk of malignancy, based on PET, endoscopy, and clinical findings, was generated and validated using multivariable logistic regression analysis and an additional bootstrapping method. The final model was compared with standard endoscopy for the diagnosis of ampullary cancer using the DeLong test. Results: The mean tumor size was 17.1 ± 7.7 mm. Sixty-four (41.3%) tumors were benign, and 91 (58.7%) were malignant. Univariable analysis found that ampullary neoplasms with a blood-pool corrected peak standardized uptake value in earlyphase scan (SUVe) ≥ 1.7 were more likely to be malignant (odds ratio [OR], 16.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.13-36.18; P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis identified the presence of jaundice (adjusted OR [aOR], 4.89; 95% CI, 1.80-13.33; P = 0.002), malignant traits in endoscopy (aOR, 6.80; 95% CI, 2.41-19.20; P < 0.001), SUVe ≥ 1.7 in PET (aOR, 5.43; 95% CI, 2.00-14.72; P < 0.001), and PET-detected nodal disease (aOR, 5.03; 95% CI, 1.16-21.86; P = 0.041) as independent predictors of malignancy. The model combining these four factors predicted ampullary cancers better than endoscopic diagnosis alone (area under the curve [AUC] and 95% CI: 0.925 [0.874-0.956] vs. 0.815 [0.732-0.873], P < 0.001). The model demonstrated an AUC of 0.921 (95% CI, 0.816-0.967) in candidates for endoscopic papillectomy. Conclusion: Adding 2-[¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT to endoscopy can improve the diagnosis of ampullary cancer and may help refine therapeutic decision-making, particularly when contemplating endoscopic papillectomy.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.185-197
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• 2015

The author considers a Noor-type iterative scheme to approximate com- mon fixed points of an infinite family of uniformly quasi-sup(f_n)-Lipschitzian map- pings and an infinite family of g_n-expansive mappings in convex cone metric spaces. His results generalize, improve and unify some corresponding results in convex met- ric spaces [1, 3, 9, 16, 18, 19] and convex cone metric spaces [8].

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.194-206
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a health promotion program for frail elderly nursing home residents, and to analyze the effects of the program. Methods: The research was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data collection was performed from February 26, 2012, to April 26, 2012. The subjects were 28 residents for the experimental group, who were selected at A nursing home, D city, in Korea and 27 residents for the control group, who were selected at B nursing home. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, independent t-test, ANCOVA and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ with SPSS/Win 17.0 program. Results: There was a significant improvement in health promoting behaviors (F=64.26, p<.001), Lt. Grip strength (F=39.76, p<.001), Rt. Grip strength (F=38.06, p<.001), Static balance (F=3.98, p=.050), TUG (F=18.60, p<.001), oral status (F=26.75, p<.001), depression (F=18.79, p<.001), and subjective health status (F=10.75, p<.002) in the treatment group compared to the comparison group. Conclusion: The health promotion program improved the health promoting behavior, physical fitness, oral status, depression, and subjective health status of the frail elderly nursing home residents. Therefore, health promotion programs for frail elderly nursing home residents could be helpful.