권호 표지

Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging

Korean Society of Echocardiography (KSE)

  • 부정기간
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  • 2586-7210(pISSN)
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  • 2586-7296(eISSN)

Aim & Scope

The Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging is an international, Open Access, peer-reviewed journal about cardiovascular imaging. The official journal title has been Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (abbreviation: J Cardiovasc Imaging) since Jun issue 2018. It succeed to the Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound (2006–2017, pSSN:1975-4612, eISSN:2005-9655) from March issue 2006. It is an official publication of the Korean Society of Echocardiography (http://www.ksecho.org/). The Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging is published 4 times a year (27 January, 27 April, 27 July and 27 October) in English. The journal aims to select and publish the highest quality articles dealing with clinical, technical, experimental and translational researches on broad areas of invasive and non-invasive cardiovascular imaging modalities. These domains include echocardiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, nuclear and X-ray imaging, and any combination of these imaging modalities. Clinical applications of cardiovascular imaging techniques are of particular interest, with regard to accurate diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and follow-up of patients. The Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging publishes original research articles, review articles, editorials, image gallery, letters to the editor and other invited content related to cardiovascular imaging. Unfortunately, the Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging does not receive case reports any more. The Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging is published on the official website (https://e-jcvi.org) and is indexed in PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, EMBASE, Google Scholar, KoreaMed, KoreaMed Synapse and KoMCI.

http://submit.kse-jcu.org/ KSCI KCI SCOPUS

Volume 23 Issue 4

  1. Lee, Ji Hyun;Hartaigh, Briain O;Han, Donghee;Park, Hyo Eun;Choi, Su-Yeon;Sung, Jidong;Chang, Hyuk-Jae 195
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.195 KSCI
    There is some disparity in the morbidity and mortality rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) according to race, ethnicity, and geographic regions. Although prediction algorithms that evaluate risk of cardiovascular events have been established using traditional risk factors, they have also demonstrated a number of differences along with race and ethnicity. Of various risk assessment modalities, coronary artery calcium (CAC) score is a sensitive marker of calcific atherosclerosis and correlates well with atherosclerotic plaque burden. Although CAC score is now utilized as a useful tool for early detection of coronary artery disease, prior studies have suggested some variability in the presence and severity of coronary calcification according to race, ethnicity, and/or geographic regions. Among Asian populations, it would appear necessary to reappraise the utility of CAC score and whether it remains superior over and above established clinical risk prediction algorithms. To this end, the Korea initiatives on coronary artery calcification (KOICA) registry has been designed to identify the effectiveness of CAC score for primary prevention of CVD in asymptomatic Korean adults. This review discusses the important role of CAC score for prognostication, while also describing the design and rationale of the KOICA registry.
  2. Kim, Hyung-Yoon;Choi, Jin-Ho 204
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.204 KSCI
    Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) has high negative predictive power for detecting coronary artery disease. However CCTA is limited by moderate positive predictive power in the detection of myocardial ischemia. This is not unexpected because the diameter of a stenosis is a poor indicator of myocardial ischemia and discrepancy between the severity of stenosis and noninvasive tests is not uncommon. The value of stenosis for predicting future development of acute coronary syndrome represented by plaque rupture has been questioned. CCTA identifies the characteristics of high-risk plaque including positive remodeling, low density plaque and spotty or micro-calcification. Also, additional evaluation of myocardial ischemia using computational flow dynamics, and luminal attenuation gradient are expected to increase both diagnostic performance for hemodynamically significant stenosis and the predictive power for future cardiovascular risk. Technical advances in CCTA would enable evaluation of both coronary artery stenosis and myocardial ischemia simultaneously with high predictive performance, and would improve vastly the clinical value of CCTA.
  3. Yoon, Ji Hyun 209
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.209 KSCI
  4. Chung, Hyemoon;Jeon, Byunghwan;Chang, Hyuk-Jae;Han, Dongjin;Shim, Hackjoon;Cho, In Jeong;Shim, Chi Young;Hong, Geu-Ru;Kim, Jung-Sun;Jang, Yangsoo;Chung, Namsik 211
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.211 KSCI
    BACKGROUND: After left atrial appendage (LAA) device closure, peri-device leakage into the LAA persists due to incomplete occlusion. We hypothesized that pre-procedural three-dimensional (3D) geometric analysis of the interatrial septum (IAS) and LAA orifice can predict this leakage. We investigated the predictive parameters of LAA device closure obtained from baseline cardiac computerized tomography (CT) using a novel 3D analysis system. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 22 patients who underwent LAA device closure. We defined peri-device leakage as the presence of a Doppler signal inside the LAA after device deployment (group 2, n = 5) compared with patients without peri-device leakage (group 1, n = 17). Conventional parameters were measured by cardiac CT. Angles ${\theta}$ and ${\varphi}$ were defined between the IAS plane and the line, linking the LAA orifice center and foramen ovale. RESULTS: Group 2 exhibited significantly better left atrial (LA) function than group 1 (p = 0.031). Pre-procedural ${\varphi}$ was also larger in this group ($41.9^{\circ}$ vs. $52.3^{\circ}$, p = 0.019). The LAA cauliflower-type morphology was more common in group 2. Overall, the patients' LA reserve significantly decreased after the procedure ($21.7mm^3$ vs. $17.8mm^3$, p = 0.035). However, we observed no significant interval changes in pre- and post-procedural values of ${\theta}$ and ${\varphi}$ in either group (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Angles between the IAS and LAA orifice might be a novel anatomical parameter for predicting peri-device leakage after LAA device closure. In addition, 3D CT analysis of the LA and LAA orifice could be used to identify clinically favorable candidates for LAA device closure.
  5. Lavine, Steven J.;Al Balbissi, Kais A. 219
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.219 KSCI
    BACKGROUND: Chronic aortic regurgitation (AR) patients demonstrate left ventricular (LV) remodeling with increased LV mass and volume but may have a preserved LV ejection fraction (EF). We hypothesize that in chronic AR, global longitudinal systolic and diastolic function will be reduced despite a preserved LV EF. METHODS: We studied with Doppler echocardiography 27 normal subjects, 87 patients with chronic AR with a LV EF > 50% (AR + PEF), 66 patients with an EF < 50% [AR + reduced LV ejection fraction (REF)] and 82 patients with hypertensive heart disease. LV volume, transmitral spectral and tissue Doppler were obtained. Myocardial velocities and their timing and longitudinal strain of the proximal and mid wall of each of the 3 apical views were obtained. RESULTS: As compared to normals, global longitudinal strain was reduced in AR + PEF ($13.8{\pm}4.0%$) and AR + REF ($11.4{\pm}4.7%$) vs. normals ($18.4{\pm}3.6%$, both p < 0.001). As an additional comparison group for AR + PEF, global longitudinal strain was reduced as compared to patients with hypertensive heart disease (p = 0.032). The average peak diastolic annular velocity (e') was decreased in AR + PEF ($6.9{\pm}3.3cm/s$ vs. $13.4{\pm}2.6cm/s$, p < 0.001) and AR + REF ($4.8{\pm}2.1cm/s$, p < 0.001). Peak rapid filling velocity/e' (E/e') was increased in both AR + PEF ($14.4{\pm}6.2$ vs. $6.2{\pm}1.3$, p < 0.001) and AR + REF ($18.8{\pm}6.4$, p < 0.001 vs. normals). Independent correlates of global longitudinal strain (r = 0.6416, p < 0.001) included EF (p < 0.0001), E/e' (p < 0.0001), and tricuspid regurgitation velocity (p = 0.0176). CONCLUSION: With chronic AR, there is impaired longitudinal function despite preserved EF. Moreover, global longitudinal strain was well correlated with noninvasive estimated LV filling pressures and pulmonary systolic arterial pressures.
  6. Shabanian, Reza;Mirzaaghayan, Mohammad Reza;Dadkhah, Minoo;Hosseini, Mehdi;Rahimzadeh, Mitra;Akbari Asbagh, Parvin;Navabi, Mohammad Ali 228
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.228 KSCI
    BACKGROUND: Late complications after Fontan procedure may be due to the absence of pump and pulsatile pulmonary blood flow in this type of palliation. Our aim was to quantify the degree of pulsation by echocardiographic method in patients with extracardiac total cavopulmonary connection (ECTCPC) in comparison with biventricular circulation and few cases of pulsatile Fontan. METHODS: In a case series study, pulsatility index (PI) derived by echocardiographic method were compared between 20 patients with ECTCPC, 6 patients with pulsatile Fontan and 18 normal individual aged 4 to 20 years old. All patients were in New York Heart Association class of I and there was no report of complication. RESULTS: In patients with ECTCPC pulmonary artery branches Doppler flow study showed lower peak and mean velocities compared to the pulsatile Fontan and normal groups. ECTCPC patients had PI of $0.59{\pm}0.14$ and $0.59{\pm}0.09$ for right and left pulmonary arteries (RPA and LPA) respectively. PI was higher in patients with preserved antegrade flow (RPA PI = $0.94{\pm}0.26$, LPA PI = $0.98{\pm}0.27$) and in normal individuals (RPA PI = $1.59{\pm}0.12$, LPA PI = $1.64{\pm}0.17$) for both branches (p = 0.000). CONCLUSION: Using a Doppler derived index for pulsatility, patients with ECTCPC had the least pulsation. The pulmonary artery flow pattern in patients with preserved antegrade flow showed higher pulsatility indices in both branches. Normal individuals had the greatest pulsatility index.
  7. Park, Hyo Eun;Jeon, Jooyeong;Hwang, In-Chang;Sung, Jidong;Lee, Seung-Pyo;Kim, Hyung-Kwan;Cho, Goo-Yeong;Sohn, Dae-Won;Kim, Yong-Jin 233
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.233 KSCI
    BACKGROUND: Anti-atherosclerotic effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors has been suggested from previous studies, and yet, its association with cardiovascular outcome has not been demonstrated. We aimed to evaluate the effect of DPP-4 inhibitors in reducing mortality and coronary revascularization, in association with baseline coronary computed tomography (CT). METHODS: The current study was performed as a multi-center, retrospective observational cohort study. All subjects with diabetes mellitus who had diagnostic CT during 2007-2011 were included, and 1866 DPP-4 inhibitor users and 5179 non-users were compared for outcome. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality and secondary outcome included any coronary revascularization therapy after 90 days of CT in addition to all-cause mortality. RESULTS: DPP-4 inhibitors users had significantly less adverse events [0.8% vs. 4.4% in users vs. non-users, adjusted hazard ratios (HR) 0.220, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.102-0.474, p = 0.0001 for primary outcome, 4.1% vs. 7.6% in users vs. non-users, HR 0.517, 95% CI 0.363-0.735, p = 0.0002 for secondary outcome, adjusted variables were age, sex, presence of hypertension, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, glycated hemoglobin, statin use, coronary artery calcium score and degree of stenosis]. Interestingly, DPP-4 inhibitor seemed to be beneficial only in subjects without significant stenosis (adjusted HR 0.148, p = 0.0013 and adjusted HR 0.525, p = 0.0081 for primary and secondary outcome). CONCLUSION: DPP-4 inhibitor is associated with reduced all-cause mortality and coronary revascularization in diabetic patients. Such beneficial effect was significant only in those without significant coronary stenosis, which implies that DPP-4 inhibitor may have beneficial effect in earlier stage of atherosclerosis.
  8. Lee, Sang-Eun;Cho, Iksung;Hong, Geu-Ru;Chang, Hyuk-Jae;Sung, Ji Min;Cho, In-Jeong;Shim, Chi Young;Choi, Byoung Wook;Chung, Namsik 244
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.244 KSCI
    BACKGROUND: To explore the prognostic performance of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and exercise electrocardiography (XECG) in asymptomatic subjects. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 812 ($59{\pm}9years$, 60.8% male) asymptomatic subjects who underwent CCTA and XECG concurrently from 2003 through 2009. Subjects were followed-up for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and revascularization after 90 days from index CCTA. RESULTS: The prevalence of occult coronary artery disease (CAD) detected by CCTA was 17.5% and 120 subjects (14.8%) had positive XECG. During a mean follow-up of $37{\pm}16months$, nine subjects experienced MACE. In multivariable Cox-regression analysis, only the presence of CAD by CCTA independently predicted future MACE (p = 0.002). Moreover, CAD by CCTA improved the predictive value when added to a clinical risk factor model using the likelihood ratio test (p < 0.001). Notably, the prognostic value of CCTA persisted in the moderate-to-high-risk group as classified by the Duke treadmill score (p = 0.040), but not in the low-risk group (p = 0.991). CONCLUSION: CCTA provides incremental prognostic benefit over and above XECG in an asymptomatic population, especially for those in a moderate-to-high-risk group as classified by the Duke treadmill score. Risk stratification using XECG may prove valuable for identifying asymptomatic subjects who can benefit from CCTA.
  9. Lim, Woo-Hyun;Kim, Sang-Hyun;Kim, Hack-Lyoung;Kim, Ki-Hwan;Na, Sang Hoon;Lee, Hyun-Jung;Kang, Eun Gyu;Seo, Jae-Bin;Chung, Woo-Young;Zo, Joo-Hee;Hong, Jung Ae;Kim, Kwangyoun;Kim, Myung-A 253
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.253 KSCI
    A 68-year-old woman visited the emergency department twice with symptoms of acute heart failure including shortness of breath, general weakness, and abdominal distension. Laboratory findings showed extremely low level of serum hemoglobin at 1.4 g/dL. Echocardiographic examination demonstrated dilated left ventricular cavity with systolic dysfunction and moderate amount of pericardial effusion. In this patient, acute heart failure due to severe iron deficiency anemia was caused by inappropriate habitual bloodletting.
  10. Bonou, Maria;Papadimitraki, Eva D;Vaina, Sophia;Kelepeshis, Glafkos;Tsakalis, Kostas;Alexopoulos, Nikolaos;Barbetseas, John 257
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.257 KSCI
    Pseudoaneurysm of the mitral aortic intervalvular fibrosa (MAIVF-P) usually ensues as a complication of endocarditis or aortic valve surgery. When large, symptomatic or related to complications (rupture, compression of adjacent structures, embolic events, mitral regurgitation or heart failure) it warrants surgical excision. The natural course of uncomplicated/asymptomatic MAIVF-Ps is largely unknown since most patients are offered surgery. Increased surgical risk imposed by repeat operations in the majority of these patients is an important consideration and conservative treatment should not be excluded in selected cases. Herein we present two illustrative cases of MAIVF-P manifesting with significant arrhythmogenesis and complex endocarditis respectively. Both patients were managed conservatively. By briefly reviewing the existing literature, we discuss important diagnostic and therapeutic issues for MAIVF-Ps. To our knowledge complex ventricular arrhythmia has not been previously described as a prominent manifestation of MAIVF-P.
  11. Koo, Namho;Yoon, Byung Woo;Song, Yonggeon;Lee, Chang Kyun;Lee, Tae Yeon;Hong, Ji Yeon 262
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.262 KSCI
    We describe a case of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in an elderly woman after status epilepticus. In an emergency echocardiography, not only left ventricular apical ballooning but also right ventricular apical hypokinesia was observed. After a medical management, the patient's condition was improved and a follow-up echocardiography showed substantial recovery of left and right ventricular apical ballooning.
  12. Chu, Seong-Taek;Han, Yung-Hee;Koh, Jung-A;Kim, Seon-Jae;Lee, Hak-Cheol;Kim, Si-Eun;Shin, Yong-Chul;Sir, Jung Ju;Choi, Seung Min;Joo, Shin Bae 266
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.266 KSCI
    Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is a rare congenital mesodermal abnormality characterized by varicose veins, cutaneous hemangiomas, soft tissue and bony hypertrophy of limb. Potential complications such as deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism have not been reported in Korea to date. We demonstrate the case of a 48-year-old woman with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome with extensive varicose veins on right lower limb, hypertrophy of left big toe and basilar artery tip aneurysm, complicated with acute submassive pulmonary thromboembolism treated successfully with intravenous thrombolytic therapy.
  13. Kim, Su-A;Park, Seong-Mi;Hwang, Seong-Ho;Kim, Mi-Na;Son, Ho-Sung;Shim, Wan-Joo 271
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.271 KSCI
    A 59-year-old man with multifocal cerebral infarction was found to have the large obstructive mitral valvular mass. Although benign tumor was under suspicion before surgery, he was finally diagnosed as chronic infective endocarditis by microscopic evaluation. The precise diagnosis and the proper management of a cardiac mass are very important since even the benign tumor may cause fatal complications. However, primary cardiac mass has the broad spectrum from pseudo-tumor to malignancy and the differential diagnosis using non-invasive methods is not easy even with the currently available imaging techniques.
  14. Fabijanic, Damir;Vrsalovic, Mislav;Lojpur, Mihajlo 274
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.274 KSCI
  15. Kharwar, Rajiv Bharat;Shukla, Anand 276
    https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2015.23.4.276 KSCI